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From ‘cage beds’ to inclusion: the long road for individuals with intellectual disability in the Czech Republic
- Authors:
- VANN Barbara H., SISKA Jan
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 21(5), August 2006, pp.425-439.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In the Czech Republic, individuals with intellectual disabilities continue to be institutionalized in large, remote, state run institutions and as a result are isolated from community interaction. Some practices associated with these institutions are coming to be seen as human rights violations. Although non-governmental organizations (NGOs) offer alternatives to institutionalization, demand for such services exceeds supply. Czech legal structure hinders NGO funding. Large state institutions continue to be built.
The Disability Discrimination (Northern Ireland) Order 2006: statutory rule 2006 no. 312 (N.I. 1)
- Author:
- NORTHERN IRELAND
- Publisher:
- Stationery Office
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 1p.
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
Minor grammatical corrections The Disability Discrimination (Northern Ireland) Order 2006: statutory rule 2006 no. 312.
Barnaby Rudge, ‘idiocy’ and paternalism: assisting the ‘poor idiot’
- Author:
- MCDONAGH Patrick
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 21(5), August 2006, pp.411-423.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Histories of the idea of ‘intellectual disability’ and its genealogically related concepts such as ‘idiocy’ rarely consider cultural representations as historical evidence. However, this form of evidence can present another aspect to our attempts to reconstruct the historical image of ‘idiocy’. Charles Dickens’ novel Barnaby Rudge, with its ‘idiot’ protagonist, uses the image to engage with Chartism and debates over paternalism in the early Victorian period; there is a clear connection between the association of Barnaby with the mob, debates in the 1830s and 1840s over state participation in traditional paternalist structures and the development of ‘idiot asylums’ in the late 1840s and 1850s. Barnaby serves as a critical figure in the novel’s justification of a strain of neo-paternalism that rejects working-class claims for greater authority while supporting certain rights and protections for the helpless poor.
Discursive discrimination of the ‘mentally deficient’ in interwar Sweden
- Author:
- BOREUS Kristina
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 21(5), August 2006, pp.441-454.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article shows, firstly, one way in which discrimination in discourse, that is, discrimination performed through the use of language, can be studied with the help of a set of concepts: exclusion from discourse; negative other presentation; objectification; and proposals pointing towards unfavourable treatment. The concept of othering is also used. Secondly, an empirical study of the discursive treatment of people labelled ‘mentally deficient’ in interwar Sweden is presented. The parliamentary debate on a new sterilisation law, encyclopaedic entries and medical descriptions are focused. The results reveal that the group in question was blatantly discriminated against, by means of all of the forms of discursive discrimination mentioned, and was also othered. It is suggested that the set of concepts could be useful for comparative studies of discursive treatment of people categorised as ‘mentally deficient’ in other countries during the same period and for studies of possible contemporary discrimination.
Contested memories: efforts of the powerful to silence former inmates’ histories of life in an institution for ‘mental defectives’
- Author:
- MALACRIDA Claudia
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 21(5), August 2006, pp.397-410.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper discusses the barriers encountered in undertaking an oral history project with survivors of a total institution for ‘mental defectives’ in the province of Alberta, Canada. Powerful social actors were able to bar access to survivors through legal guardianship orders, and to make access to the institution and its grounds and to publicly archived materials quite prohibitive to the researcher. In addition to overt efforts on the part of powerful social actors to block the project, concerns about the potential to discredit survivor narratives led to changes in the research design. Specifically, research and literature about the ‘acquiescence’ of intellectuals with intellectual impairments led the researcher to broaden the sources for this history as a pre-emptive strategy. Despite these barriers, survivors of the institution provided a rich and powerful testimony to the brutality of institutionalization, and provide us with an emancipatory history from the perspectives of those most oppressed by disability policies and practices.
Regulations on extension of the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 1995 to cover general qualifications bodies: consultation
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department for Education and Skills
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department for Education and Skills
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 6p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This is a consultation on two sets of draft regulations for the extension of the Disability Discrimination Act to cover general qualifications bodies. The implementation date for these regulations is to be 1 September 2007.
The social care sector and the Disability Equality Duty: a guide to the Disability Equality Duty and the Disability Discrimination Act 2005 for social care organisations
- Author:
- DISABILITY RIGHTS COMMISSION
- Publisher:
- Disability Rights Commission
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 49p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This new duty will have a significant impact on the whole social care sector and therefore anybody involved in, or who has an interest in social care, needs to both understand and get involved in this process. This guidance is the starting point for this.
Able authorities?: the Disability Discrimination Act, disabled people and local authorities in England: final report
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department for Communities and Local Government
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department for Communities and Local Government
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 128p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report sets out findings from research examining how well local authorities in England were performing in terms of addressing disability issues across the full spectrum of disabilities in relation to their core activities. It looks forward to the introduction of the disability equality duty, and offers learning points based on the case study work undertaken for the research, which local authorities could consider as they develop strategies and policies to deliver on the challenges and changes required to meet the duty.
Realising potential: disability confidence builds better business
- Authors:
- SUTER Rhiannon, SCOTT-PARKER Susan, ZADEK Simon
- Publisher:
- Employers' Forum on Disability
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 19p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report provides senior executives with the latest thinking on how disabled people contribute to business success and how business benefits from disability confidence. As the population ages and the incidence of disability affects people brings unique benefits to those organisations which seek to build closer, more productive relationships with key stakeholders. This 20-page publication sets out the six building blocks of the business case for action: the strategic, commercial, legal, ethical, societal and professional benefits seen by disability confident businesses.
Applying a barriers approach to monitoring disabled people's employment: implications for the Disability Discrimination Act 2005
- Authors:
- ROULSTONE Alan, WARREN Jon
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 21(2), March 2006, pp.115-131.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The year 2005 witnessed the passing of the Disability Discrimination Act 2005 through Parliament. The Act responds in part to the perceived need for more proactive legislation that seeks to encourage good employer and service provider practice from the outset and diminish discriminatory action. This article focuses on the employment provisions of the 2005 Act. The article is based on a scoping study carried out during the gestation of the Act that looks at the challenges of applying a barriers approach to a disability employment monitoring schemes. Monitoring schemes have been a key part of recent anti-discriminatory legislation. The text of the Act and its Guidance might suggest that the future of monitoring as an explicit feature of proactive employer practice is uncertain. The article makes clear however the importance of disability employment monitoring if disabled people are to be better represented and receive equitable treatment in the workplace.