Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 16
Ensuring equity for people living with disabilities in the age of COVID-19
- Authors:
- JUMREORNVONG Oranicha, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, early cite 24 August 2020,
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
People with disabilities are at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19. They may also suffer from lack of accessible emergency preparedness plans, communication and healthcare. Protective measures for people with disabilities should be endorsed and prioritized at a community level to adjust for social distancing. Repositories of local resources for emergency outreach in this time are also crucial. Telemedicine offers an innovative and safe way for health providers to care for people with disabilities to access many critical services without placing themselves or their caregivers at increased risk of contracting COVID-19. Communication strategies for critical information about resources for people with disabilities should be accessible. United States hospitals and government agencies should make allocation guideline proposals accessible to people with disabilities and incorporate bias training. (Edited publisher abstract)
Disability hate crime reporting
- Author:
- SMITH Lauren
- Publisher:
- IRISS
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 19
- Place of publication:
- Glasgow
This literature review covers types of interventions that have been effective in increasing reporting of hate crimes motivated by perceptions of learning disabilities and mental health problems. It also looks at interventions that have been effective in supporting people through the process of reporting disability hate crimes and areas of potential areas of unmet need. It draws on academic literature, online resources and knowledge from key organisations, providing links to examples of good practice. The review identified a shortage of evidence around the efficacy of interventions designed with the explicit aim of increasing disability hate crime reporting. However, reports from several projects indicate several promising areas, which include: awareness raising; befriending links; third party reporting centres; safe places initiatives, support for reporting and disabled people's user-led organisations. The review also identifies gaps in the evidence to suggest potential areas for future interventions and research. (Edited publisher abstract)
Sexual abuse of individuals with disabilities: prevention strategies for clinical practice
- Author:
- MCEACHERN Adriana G.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 21(4), July 2012, pp.386-398.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Sexual abuse of those with disabilities is prevalent, although the incidence of such abuse is difficult to determine. Although all US states maintain statistics on child sexual abuse, the rate of victimization for individuals with disabilities is not specific. This paper reviews several studies conducted on sexual abuse of individuals with disabilities with a focus on clinical prevention strategies. The author suggests that prevention training programmes for children and adults with disabilities must be regularly implemented be disability service agencies, residential facilities, school districts, law enforcement agencies, medical and health service providers and sexual abuse assault programmes. Also, policies that require government funded researchers, law enforcement and child protection agencies to systematically collect and report data on sexual assault must be implemented so an accurate accounting of the extent of the problem can be documented. Recommendations for future directions in prevention and research are provided.
Transitional outcomes, employment and human rights: ESSS Outline
- Author:
- BOCIOAGA Andreea
- Publisher:
- IRISS
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Pagination:
- 27
- Place of publication:
- Glasgow
This evidence summary explores the evidence on how employment outcomes for young people with additional support needs can be considered from a human rights perspective. The summary refers to young people with additional support needs which include: disability or health; learning environment; family circumstances; social and emotional factors. Young people can experience a succession of transitions in a short time span, such as further education and training, employment, and other options that lead to independence. The transition process is generally experienced as stressful, uncertain, and problematic, particularly in terms of the bureaucratic aspects. Moreover, studies report that young people with intellectual disabilities experience transitions as usually accompanied by several challenges including difficulty finding employment due to high unemployment levels, restricted community participation, continued living with parents and dependence on the family. Key areas where young people experience difficulties associated with transitions are often identified as: independence; transition planning; daytime activity; community participation. The review focuses specifically on employment and young people with ASN; and approaches which integrate human rights principles into employment transitions. (Edited publisher abstract)
Economic impact of inclusion of disabled persons in the labour market
- Author:
- BEYER Stephen
- Publisher:
- EASPD
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- iv, 80
- Place of publication:
- Brussels
This literature review was commissioned by EASPD to improve its understanding of the employment of people with disabilities in Europe and the strength of the financial case for inclusive employment. It provides cost-benefit analyses of labour market inclusion of people with disabilities can have for governments and public authorities, as well as the wider benefits for businesses and individuals. The review carried out extensive and structured searches on a number of database for research articles in English, published between 1980 and 2016. The main findings show that disabled people, taxpayers and government are likely to benefit financially in the long term from greater investment in employment in the open labour market of persons with disabilities. It also identified a large variety of models, working to different objectives, which support people with disabilities in work, training and employment. In terms of models supporting persons with disabilities into the open labour market, supported employment and individual placement and support have proved to be effective in doing so and with high cost-benefit return to the taxpayer. (Edited publisher abstract)
Why is it important to consider so-called 'invisible' older people in UK healthcare?
- Authors:
- TINKER Anthea, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing and Older Adults, 15(4), 2014, pp.187-196.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Design/methodology/approach: Using information obtained from academic literature, government statistics and other publications from relevant organisations, this paper discusses older people who are in groups that are not readily visible to policy makers and practitioners. The authors investigated one 'invisible' group each and comparisons and conclusions were then made collaboratively. The six underserved populations covered were older people with physical disabilities, learning disabilities, those from LGBT communities, older prisoners, older people with chronic long-term mental health problems (in particular depression and dementia) and those who are homeless. The issues of health needs, access to health care and provision of services are discussed. Findings: Many groups of older people seem to be absent from statistics and from policy making. The paper suggests that there needs to be more research to identify the scale of any problems and how they may be solved. Practical implications: There are practical implications for health and social care professionals if they do not recognise that there are groups in society about whom little is known. Lack of knowledge and empathy may affect their approach to these groups. (Edited publisher abstract)
Managing behaviour and sleep problems in disabled children: an investigation into the effectiveness and costs of parent-training interventions
- Authors:
- BERESFORD Bryony, et al
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department for Education
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 302p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Sleep problems are common among all children but more common among disabled children, especially those with learning disabilities. For these children sleep problems appear to be very persistent, and are not likely to disappear without intervention. Behaviour problems are also more common among disabled children than among their nondisabled peers, with studies finding rates of behaviour problems to be three to four times higher compared to non-disabled peers. Such behaviours can be difficult to manage, anti-social, distressing, and/or interfere with family routines and activities. Current evidence suggests that access to early/preventive interventions which help parents better manage the behaviours they find difficult or problematic may be an important factor in improving outcomes for disabled children and their families. This report: evaluated the effectiveness of four different parent-training interventions for parents of disabled children with sleep problems; identified the costs of these interventions and explored their cost effectiveness; explored the factors which hindered or support the effectiveness of these interventions; described parents' experiences of receiving these interventions; and described professionals' experiences of delivering these interventions.
The story about theater organizations, the public's approval, and the actors' identity formation in Nordic disability theater
- Authors:
- GJAERUM Rikke Gurgens, INELAND Jens, SAUER Lennart
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work in Disability and Rehabilitation, 9(4), October 2010, pp.254-273.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Nordic disability theatre is a relatively new field of disability research. This article provides an overview of Nordic disability theatre and conducts a comparative analysis of the prevailing conditions in Sweden and Norway. The article is based on an analysis from 4 research projects; 2 Norwegian studies of 3 theatre groups with participants with hearing impairment and intellectual disability, and 2 Swedish studies of 2 theatre groups with participants with intellectual disability. The projects involved qualitative interviews of 16 Norwegian and 35 Swedish informants and focus groups of 21 Norwegian children between 7 and 9 years old. A quantitative questionnaire was also completed by 128 Norwegian adult audience members. The aim of this article is to illustrate the consequences the organisation of the theatrical activities have for the disability theatre actors. The analysis is based on 2 organisational principles: theatre as social welfare service; and theatre as art. The article also addresses the relationship between the theatres and the public opinion and media. Finally, the article illustrates how the organisation of the theatre and public recognition and approval play an important role for the actors' identity formation and sense of belonging.
A review of outcome measures in early childhood programs
- Authors:
- MANNAN Hasheem, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 3(4), December 2006, pp.219-228.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The authors undertook a review of measures available for assessing outcomes of early childhood services for children with disabilities and their families. With principles of family-centered practice mandating the inclusion of both family and child outcome measures in effective evaluation plans, the review examined measures with established psychometric properties for (a) documenting the effectiveness of partnerships with families, and (b) documenting the effectiveness of services and supports for families. Constructs and their associated measures related to partnerships include satisfaction with the overall program and empowerment. The constructs for outcomes of supports and services include social support, parenting, and family quality of life. The authors reviewed measures for each of the five constructs. They note that the selection of appropriate measures to assess the outcomes of family support and services depends on the specific configuration of support services provided by the program and that each program may have to be explicit about the outcomes it wants to impact and therefore measure.
An overview of systematic reviews to determine the impact of socio-environmental factors on health outcomes of people with disabilities
- Authors:
- MITCHELL Rebecca J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, early cite November 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
People with disabilities are often subject to intersecting layers of social and economic disadvantage and other barriers that drive health inequity. As a result, they frequently experience worse health than people without disabilities, beyond the direct effects of their health condition or impairment. The aim of this overview of systematic reviews was to summarise the evidence on the impact of socio-environmental factors (i.e. social, physical or attitudinal) on the health outcomes of disabled people. A systematic search of five databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL and Scopus) for English-language articles from January 2000 to April 2021 was conducted. Abstracts were screened by two reviewers and reviews were critically appraised. Key data were extracted by topic, population, disability type, critical appraisal method, socio-environmental themes and health outcomes. There were 23 systematic reviews identified examining adult (60.9%) or child and young (8.7%) disabled people, with 30.4% not specifying an age range. Reviews examined people with neurological or physical (39.1%), intellectual (17.4%), sensory (8.7%) or a range of (34.8%) disabilities. Three key health outcomes (i.e. access to healthcare, health-promoting behaviour and care quality) and several recurring socio-environmental themes related to the health outcomes of disabled people were identified. Disabled people encounter common social, physical and attitudinal factors that hinder their health outcomes in terms of access to services and quality healthcare. Many preventive health services were identified as either inaccessible or not meeting the needs of disabled people. Greater involvement of disabled people in service design and awareness raising is essential. (Edited publisher abstract)