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The Swedish experience
- Author:
- MADDEN P.
- Journal article citation:
- Health Service Journal, 30.6.88, 1988, pp.736-737.
- Publisher:
- Emap Healthcare
Focuses on the role of the state, and general trends such as decentralisation and deinstitutionalisation in Sweden.
Deinstitutionalization and community living: outcomes and costs: report of a European study: volume 3: country reports
- Editors:
- BEADLE-BROWN Julie, KOZMA Agnes, (eds.)
- Publisher:
- University of Kent. Tizard Centre
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 599p.
- Place of publication:
- Canterbury
These country reports form the third volume of the final report from the European Union Project Deinstitutionalisation and community living – outcomes and costs: report of a European Study. There are 28 country reports included. The aim of each report is three-fold: to summarise the data collated for the template for each of the service types identified for that country; to comment on the completeness and adequacy of the data collated; to provide a commentary on the context and current situation for people with disabilities in each country. In order to analyse, summarise and compare data across countries, information received on each template was recorded into categories. It is these categories which are included in the data summaries at the beginning of each of the country reports.
Deinstitutionalization and community living: outcomes and costs: report of a European study: volume 1: executive summary
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, et al
- Publisher:
- University of Kent. Tizard Centre
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 14p.
- Place of publication:
- Canterbury
This project aimed to bring together the available information on the number of disabled people living in residential institutions in 28 European countries, and to identify successful strategies for replacing institutions with community-based services, paying particular attention to economic issues in the transition. The goal was seen as the provision of a flexible range of help and resources which can be assembled and adjusted as needed to enable all people with disabilities to live their lives in the way that they want but with the support and protection that they need. This is characterised by several features: separation of buildings and support; access to the same options as everyone else; choice and control for the disabled person and their representatives. Recommendations included: The European Commission should promote joint work between Member States and Eurostat to define a minimum data set for residential services for people with disabilities. The data set needs to be workable both for countries which still have services largely based in institutions, where the distinction between institutional care and care at home is very clear, and for countries which are in the advanced stages of replacing institutions with community-based services and independent living.
Deinstitutionalization and community living: outcomes and costs: report of a European study: volume 2: main report
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, et al
- Publisher:
- University of Kent. Tizard Centre
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 134p.
- Place of publication:
- Canterbury
This detailed project aimed to bring together the available information on the number of disabled people living in residential institutions in 28 European countries, and to identify successful strategies for replacing institutions with community-based services, paying particular attention to economic issues in the transition. The overall aim of the project was to provide scientific evidence to inform and stimulate policy development in the reallocation of financial resources to best meet the needs of people with disabilities, through a transition from large institutions to a system of community-based services and independent living. The reports includes: the identification and collation of existing national data sources; description of the sequence and process of service development; comparison of the costs of community-based vs. institutional services; identification of transitional costs; and the analysis of political and economic strategies used to manage costs. Major recommendations included the harmonised data set at a European level, the publication of statistics demonstrating progress in each country, and the cost- effectiveness of community versus institutional models of residential care and change over time.
Taking the UN Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities seriously: the past and future of the EU structural funds as a tool to achieve community living
- Authors:
- QUINN Gerard, DOYLE Suzanne
- Publisher:
- National University of Ireland. Centre for Disability Law and Policy
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 26p.
- Place of publication:
- Galway
In late 2010 the European Union ratified the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN CRPD). Confirmation of the convention has the potential to drive the evolution of a much more focused and robust set of EU-level responses in the form of legislation and policy change on disability. This essay focuses on one of the most important financial instruments of the EU, the Structural Funds, and its relationship to the UN CRPD. A major test of EU commitment to the convention is the need to radically amend the Regulations governing the EU Structural Funds to ensure compliance with the CRPD. The funds have been used in the past to fund the creation of new residential institutions for persons with disabilities (especially those with intellectual disabilities) in several recipient countries. However, this building of institutions is not a ‘mis-use’ of the Funds since the underlying Regulations are permissive toward this kind of use. The essay argues that there is a need to change the underlying Regulations to make it plain that EU monies cannot be spent to open new institutions and that they should, ideally, be spent to enable transitions to community living to occur.
The impact of living arrangements and deinstitutionalisation in the health status of persons with intellectual disability in Europe
- Authors:
- MARTINEZ-LEAL R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(9), September 2011, pp.858-872.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Despite progress in deinstitutionalisation, relatively little is known about the health of people with intellectual disability (PWID) who live in large institutions or those living in small residential services, family homes or independently in the community. Nor are there any international comparisons at the European level of the health status and health risks of PWID living in fully staffed residential services with formal support and care compared with those living in unstaffed family homes or independent houses without formal support. A total of 1269 persons with ID and/or their proxy respondents were interviewed in 14 EU countries using the P15 multinational assessment battery to collect data on health indicators relevant to PWID. Participants were grouped according to their living arrangements, formal support and stage of deinstitutionalisation. Obesity and sedentary lifestyle were prevalent along with illnesses such as epilepsy, mental disorders, allergies or constipation. There were more cases of myocardial infarction, chronic bronchitis, osteoporosis and gastric or duodenal ulcers among participants in countries at the early stage of deinstitutionalisation. There were important deficits in variables related health promotion such as screening and vaccination in family homes and independent living arrangements. The authors point to the important differences between different living arrangements depending on the level of formal support available and the stage of deinstitutionalisation.