Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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A preliminary study into the relationship between emotional perception ability and challenging behaviour in adults with an intellectual disability
- Author:
- DAVIES Bronwen
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 18(4), 2014, pp.382-392.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
To explore the relationships between challenging behaviour and emotional perception in a population of adults with intellectual disabilities, cross-sectional data were collected from 96 people with intellectual disabilities and 95 carers. The service user participants completed the Emotional Perception Questionnaire, whilst carers completed the Checklist for Challenging Behaviour. Correlational analyses were employed to analyse relationships between the variables. A post hoc between-group analysis was conducted to compare the emotional recognition abilities of people with high-frequency challenging behaviour with those with low-frequency challenging behaviour. Significant negative associations were found between emotional perception and challenging behaviour frequency and management difficulty. Significant differences in emotional perception abilities were found between people with high frequency and those with low-frequency challenging behaviours. The study suggests that emotional perception is important in understanding challenging behaviour. (Edited publisher abstract)
Commentary: our children deserve better
- Author:
- EMERSON Eric
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 19(4), 2014, pp.190-193.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Comments on the paper “Early intervention for children with learning disabilities: making use of what we know” by Nick Gore, Richard Hastings and Serena Brady. lt places the arguments made by Gore et al. in a broader scientific and policy context. It finds the arguments to support increased investment in early intervention and prevention presented to be fully consistent with the broader scientific literature on prevention and the required future direction of English health policy. (Edited publisher abstract)
Systematic review of restraint interventions for challenging behaviour among persons with intellectual disabilities: focus on effectiveness in single-case experiments
- Authors:
- HEYVAERT Mieke, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(6), 2014, pp.493-510.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: This article, the first in a two-part series, focuses on the effectiveness of restraint interventions (RIs) for reducing challenging behaviour (CB) among persons with intellectual disabilities. The second article focuses on experiences with RIs for CB among people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: A mixed-methods research synthesis involving statistical meta-analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis techniques was applied to synthesize 76 retrieved articles. This first article reports on the meta-analysis of 59 single-case experiments on effectiveness of RIs for CB among people with intellectual disabilities. Results and Conclusions: The RIs reported on in the single-case experiments were on average highly effective in reducing CB for people with intellectual disabilities, and this reduction in CB was statistically significant. However, the effects vary significantly over the included participants, and the published data and reported outcomes are rather unrepresentative of the everyday use of RIs among persons with intellectual disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Writing about stress: the impact of a stress-management programme on staff accounts of dealing with stress
- Authors:
- OORSOUW Wietske M. W. J. van, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(3), 2014, pp.236-246.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Helping staff serving clients with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour to cope with stress has implications for their own well-being and for the lives of those they support. Method: This study examined staff members' views of stress and the effectiveness of a stress-management intervention. Effectiveness was assessed using written assignments regarding stress management, and changes in views presented were tested in a pre- and post-test control group design. Results: In the first phase, a content analysis was conducted across groups, which revealed that participants expressed a broad variety of views about stress and coping mechanisms, with considerable individual differences. In the second phase, a more fine-grained quantitative analysis was conducted to assess training effectiveness. Results showed an increase in the proportion of coping strategies referred to by the experimental group post-training. This positive change remained at follow-up. Conclusions: The results of the content analysis and the outcome data have implications for staff training.
‘The seal of approval’: referring adults with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour to community learning disability teams
- Authors:
- HAYDON-LAURELUT Mark, NUNKOOSING Karl, MILLETT Elly
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 29(2), 2014, pp.290-302.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article describes a study that involved interviewing eight managers of residential services, who have made referrals to community learning disability teams (CLDTs) for challenging behaviour. Thematic analysis and a critical perspective are combined to analyse and interpret what referrers said about the process of the referral. The study found that managers referred people with intellectual disabilities to the CLDT primarily in order to manage organisational problems rather than to directly manage challenging behaviour. The referrals enlisted the services of professionals to legitimise the residential services, to confirm their practices and to provide credibility to existing decisions by managers. In referring a man or woman with intellectual disabilities to the CLDT, the managers submit themselves, their staff and the person with the intellectual disabilities to the power of the health and psy-complex professionals. (Publisher abstract)
Commentary on “The personalisation challenge: personalisation for people with learning disabilities and behaviour described as challenging”
- Author:
- GIRAUD-SAUNDERS Alison
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 19(1), 2014, pp.11-16.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on the themes of the paper by Lingard et al. on personalisation for people whose behaviour is described as challenging. Design/methodology/approach: This paper draws on recent reports and the author's experience to describe the context within which development projects are operating and the range of development that is required to support personalised solutions. Findings: There are plenty of resources available to support change; these have limited effect unless the local partners (councils, NHS bodies and others) work together to provide the conditions for success. Originality/value: Evidence is drawn together from a number of current sources. (Publisher abstract)
Early intervention for children with learning disabilities whose behaviours challenge
- Authors:
- COOPER Vivien, et al
- Publisher:
- Challenging Behaviour Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 15
- Place of publication:
- Chatham
Drawing on evidence from systematic reviews, meta analyses, narrative reviews, primary research and national data collections, this narrative review sets out the available evidence around early intervention approaches for children with learning disabilities whose behaviours challenge. It identifies the following early interventions: early behavioural interventions; training and support for families; early identification and rapid response; and positive behavioural support. It also recommends key areas of action to help commissioners proactively target resources to deliver good outcomes. The report from part of the Early Intervention Project, delivered in partnership by the Challenging Behaviour Foundation and the Council for Disabled Children. Key messages (Edited publisher abstract)
Early intervention for children with learning disabilities: making use of what we know
- Authors:
- GORE Nick, HASTING Richard, BRADY Serena
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 19(4), 2014, pp.181-189.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Drawing on existing literature regarding rates of emotional and behavioural difficulties together with risk factors, the authors present a rationale for increasing initiatives for early intervention of emotional and behaviour difficulties. The study finds rates of emotional and behavioural difficulties amongst children with learning and developmental difficulties are high. A combination of factors relating to the child, the family system, and wider social contexts is likely to account for this. Increased attempts to provide early intervention to children with learning and developmental disabilities together with their families are warranted. Recommendations are made regarding how the development of such supports might best be taken forward. (Edited publisher abstract)
Management of aggression care plans in a forensic intellectual disability service: a ten-year progress update
- Authors:
- KITCHEN David, THOMAS Cathy, CHESTER Verity
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 5(2), 2014, pp.88-96.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Standardised approaches to the management of aggression and violence are critical for all stakeholders of intellectual disability services. The purpose of this paper is to describe the Management of Aggression Care Plan (MoACP). The care plan aims to reduce levels of restrictive interventions, to ensure any interventions relative to aggression and violence are the least restrictive possible, and to promote adaptive behaviours and support life enriching opportunities, in a manner which is personalised to the unique profiles of every patient. Design/methodology/approach: The MoACP was first described by Thomas et al. (2005). This paper describes the rationale, theoretical basis, structure and benefits of the care plan, and provides details of revisions made to the plan in response to evidence-based practice recommendations. Findings: The value of implementing a structured approach to the care planning of management of aggression and violence, in reducing the frequency and impact of restrictive practices, and promoting life enriching opportunities is described. Practical implications: The paper describes a number of practical features of the care plan which most support its continued effectiveness, including patient involvement, individual patient focused training, and audit. Originality/value: Although many services undertake localised approaches to the care planning of management of violence and aggression in forensic intellectual disability services, few have been described in the published literature. (Publisher abstract)
‘He's hard work, but he's worth it’. The experience of caregivers of individuals with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour: a meta-synthesis of qualitative research
- Authors:
- GRIFFITH G.M., HASTINGS R.P.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(5), 2014, pp.401-419.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: This review synthesises the qualitative literature on the perspectives of those caring for a family member with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour, with a focus on their experiences of support services. Materials and Methods: A thorough literature search resulted in 17 studies being selected for inclusion in the meta-synthesis. Results: Five primary themes were identified: (i) love, (ii) altered identity, (iii) crisis management, (iv) support is not just ‘challenging behaviour’ services, and (v) the future: low expectations, high hopes. Conclusions: Carers spoke of the deep love for their family member and of the chronic strain the demands of caregiving placed upon them. Support services often caused additional problems and high levels of stress for caregivers, although there were also reports of good practice. The findings may inform clinicians and service providers about how best to support families of individuals with challenging behaviour. (Edited publisher abstract)