Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 17
Factors facilitating or hindering meaningful staff–client interactions in people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour: a systematic mixed studies review using thematic synthesis
- Authors:
- SIMONS M.A.G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(2), 2021, pp.446-458.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Interactions with professional caregivers affect the quality of support and life of people with intellectual disabilities and contribute to the occurrence of challenging behaviour. The present literature review provides an overview of factors facilitating or hindering meaningful staff–client interactions in people with borderline to profound intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. Method: Database searches, reference list and citation screening, and expert consultations were undertaken. A thematic synthesis of 28 studies was performed. Results: Factors were identified at the client (i.e. behaviour, emotions and (dis)abilities), staff (i.e. interactive principles, knowledge, psychological resources, attributions, attitudes and (coping with) emotions) and context levels (i.e. group size, team and organization). Conclusions: The present overview provides insights into factors that facilitate or hinder meaningful staff–client interactions with people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. The results support the need to combine client, staff and contextual factors when considering staff–client interactions in research and practice. (Edited publisher abstract)
Systematic review of restraint interventions for challenging behaviour among persons with intellectual disabilities: focus on experiences
- Authors:
- HEYVAERT Mieke, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 28(2), 2015, pp.61-80.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The second in a two-part series, this article focuses on experiences with restraint intervention for challenging behaviour among people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: A mixed methods research synthesis involving statistical meta-analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis techniques was applied to synthesize 76 retrieved articles. This second article reports on the qualitative meta-synthesis of 17 articles on experiences with restraint intervention for challenging behaviour among people with intellectual disabilities. Results: The 17 included articles report on important variables relating to the persons receiving restraint intervention, to the persons giving restraint intervention and to their interactions and relationship, as well as variables situated at the meso- and macro-level. Conclusions: The developed model can assist in reflecting on and improving of current restraint intervention practices among people with intellectual disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Does engagement in meaningful occupation reduce challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities? A systematic review of the literature
- Authors:
- BALL Jo, FAZIL Qulsom
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 17(1), 2013, pp.64-77.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Recently, there has been much debate about the best way to manage challenging behaviour. Although national guidance highlights the importance of meaningful occupation, it is unclear to what extent this helps. This systematic review of the literature evaluated the evidence base for using occupation as a means to reduce challenging behaviour in individuals with intellectual disability. By searching a range of databases, electronic resources and web pages, 13 relevant articles were identified. Additionally, experts in the field were contacted, hand searches were performed and citation searches were carried out. These 13 articles were critically appraised and analysed. Although the amount of research identified was limited and the methodological quality was variable, some broad themes arose. A skilled and structured approach for carrying out occupation may be effective in reducing challenging behaviour. The authors concluded that more robust research is needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
A systematic review of quality of life measures for people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviours
- Authors:
- TOWNSEND-WHITE C., PHAM A.N.T., VASSOS M.V.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 56(3), March 2012, pp.270-284.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Six of the twenty-four quality of life instruments identified, were considered to be psychometrically sound and were assessed against 24 criteria developed from the consumer outcome measurement literature. None of the instruments were specifically developed for use with people with intellectual disability. One scale, the Multifaceted Lifestyle Satisfaction Scale, performed well in most respects but suffered from a lack of replication; a criticism applied to all of the instruments studied in detail. The need for further development and validation of quality of life measures for use with people who display challenging behaviour, or have intellectual disabilities, is emphasised.
Epilepsy and challenging behaviour in adults with intellectual disability: a systematic review
- Authors:
- BLICKWEDEL Jessica, ALI Afia, HASSIOTIS Angela
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(2), 2019, pp.219-231.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Epilepsy and challenging behaviour are both highly prevalent in the intellectual disability (ID) population and it is thus crucial to understand any possible associations between the two. Method: PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Web of Science were searched for quantitative data about epilepsy and any forms of challenging behaviour in adults with ID. Results: A total of 25 articles were included in the review. Overall the evidence suggests that while epilepsy is not a good explanatory variable for the presence of challenging behaviour; the relationship is complex. However, for some people with epilepsy and for certain types of challenging behaviour a link may exist. Conclusions: Given the possible link between epilepsy-related factors such as seizure type and specific subgroups of challenging behaviour, investigating these relationships further and particularly exploring how to best measure challenging behaviour in people with epilepsy could be of great clinical benefit. (Edited publisher abstract)
The topographies and operant functions of challenging behaviours in fragile X syndrome: a systematic review and analysis of existing data
- Authors:
- HARDIMAN Rebecca Lyndsey, McGILL Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 42(2), 2017, pp.190-203.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Challenging behaviour, such as self-injury and physical aggression, is an issue of concern regarding a high proportion of individuals with fragile X syndrome. The aim of this review was to provide a comprehensive overview of the topographies and operant functions of challenging behaviours within the syndrome. Method: Five electronic databases were searched, identifying 18 manuscripts. Overall proportions of individuals with particular topographies of behaviour, or behaviour serving different functions, were calculated. Results: Across all participants, biting was the most common form of self-injury for males but not females. A pattern of behavioural function was observed, characterised by high levels of social-negative reinforcement, such as escape from demands. Conclusion: The existence of within-syndrome biases in the manifestation of behavioural challenges is supported by our review. (Publisher abstract)
Systematic review of restraint interventions for challenging behaviour among persons with intellectual disabilities: focus on effectiveness in single-case experiments
- Authors:
- HEYVAERT Mieke, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(6), 2014, pp.493-510.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: This article, the first in a two-part series, focuses on the effectiveness of restraint interventions (RIs) for reducing challenging behaviour (CB) among persons with intellectual disabilities. The second article focuses on experiences with RIs for CB among people with intellectual disabilities. Methods: A mixed-methods research synthesis involving statistical meta-analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis techniques was applied to synthesize 76 retrieved articles. This first article reports on the meta-analysis of 59 single-case experiments on effectiveness of RIs for CB among people with intellectual disabilities. Results and Conclusions: The RIs reported on in the single-case experiments were on average highly effective in reducing CB for people with intellectual disabilities, and this reduction in CB was statistically significant. However, the effects vary significantly over the included participants, and the published data and reported outcomes are rather unrepresentative of the everyday use of RIs among persons with intellectual disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Evaluating staff training: taking account of interactions between staff and clients with intellectual disability and challenging behaviour
- Authors:
- OORSOUW Wietske M. W. J. van, EMBREGTS Petri J.C.M., BOSMAN Anna M.T.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 38(4), 2013, pp.356-364.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Three aspects in the training of staff who serve clients with mild to moderate intellectual disability and challenging behaviour (CB) have been emphasised: Staff attitudes, self-awareness, and clients' perspectives. This study investigates whether programmes include these aspects. Method: A systematic search yielded 11 relevant articles. Results: Generally, all programmes aimed to improve staff knowledge and skills. Client variables concerned frequencies and severities of CB. None of the studies included clients' perspectives or staff attitudes and self-awareness. Conclusions: The fact that staff attitudes and awareness or clients' perspectives were not among the main goals of the training studies suggests that recent views of effective treatment of CB are not yet the object of scientific study. Given the acknowledgment of these aspects, it is warranted that future research focuses upon these recent insights. (Publisher abstract)
A systematic review of training methods to increase staff’s knowledge and implementation of positive behaviour support in residential and day settings for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities
- Authors:
- MAHON Dearbaile, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, early cite 5 July 2021,
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Behaviour support plans (BSPs), if accurately implemented, have been found to increase skills and decrease challenging behaviour of individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Training is essential for staff to acquire the skills necessary for accurate implementation. The aim of this systematic literature review was to evaluate procedures used to train staff in Positive Behaviour Support (PBS), on both knowledge of PBS and implementation of BSPs. Systematic searches of 4 databases identified 18 studies as meeting criteria. Findings indicate that description alone was not consistently effective in increasing knowledge and should be used in combination with other training strategies. Staff’s implementation of BSPs were increased by different combinations of the following training components: description, feedback, modelling, role-play, monitory incentive, and escape contingency. To identify evidenced based practice when training staff on BSPs, it is necessary to evaluate active and feasible training components from current training models. (Edited publisher abstract)
Psychomotor therapy targeting anger and aggressive behaviour in individuals with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities: a systematic review
- Authors:
- BELLEMANS Tina, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(1), 2019, pp.121-130.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Poor anger regulation is considered a risk factor of aggression in individuals with mild or borderline intellectual disabilities. Psychomotor therapy (PMT) targets anger regulation through body- and movement-oriented interventions. This study aims to inform practitioners on efficacy and research-base of PMT in this population. Method: This systematic review evaluated nine studies which met inclusion criteria in terms of participants, intervention procedures, outcomes and certainty of evidence. Results: Seven studies revealed a substantial reduction of aggressive behaviour or anger. Certainty of evidence was rated inconclusive in most cases due to absence of experimental control. Conclusions: We can conclude that body-oriented PMT, involving progressive relaxation and meditation procedure “Soles of the Feet”, is a promising approach. However, the paucity of studies and methodological limitations preclude classifying it as an evidence-based practice. This suggests stronger methodological research and research aimed at PMT’s mechanisms of action (e.g., improved interoceptive awareness) is warranted. (Edited publisher abstract)