Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Through the eye of the Cyclops: evaluating a multi-sensory intervention programme for people with complex disabilities
- Authors:
- MITCHELL Jillian R., van der GAAG Anna
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 30(4), December 2002, pp.159-165.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Odyssey Now (ON), a multi-sensory programme designed for use with people with learning disabilities. A combination of qualitative methods was used to assess levels of interaction and engagement in two individuals with severe / profound learning disabilities. Increases in interaction and engagement were observed during the ON sessions. Individuals interacted more with their environments during these sessions than they did during other, 'routine' activities. Staff also observed positive changes in the participants over time.
A conceptual analysis of communicative spontaneity
- Authors:
- CARTER Mark, HOTCHKIS Greg D.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27(3), September 2002, pp.168-190.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Communicative spontaneity is reported to present a significant problem for individuals with high support needs. Examination of literature addressing communicative spontaneity reveals conceptually opposing views of the phenomenon. Both the binary and the continuum conceptualisations are examined in this paper in specific relation to their logical consistency, explanatory power and limitations. It is argued that the continuum conceptualisation offers much greater explanatory power and facilitates understanding of communicative spontaneity. Several approaches to the operationalisation of the continuum approach are considered and contrasted.
Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for People with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS—LD)
- Authors:
- ASHOK Roy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 180, January 2002, pp.61-66.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Frequent impaired social functioning, problems with communication and associated physical conditions meant that a bespoke instrument was needed for people with learning disabilities. This article describes the development of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales for People with Learning Disabilities (HoNOS—LD).
Protective behaviours: a useful approach in working with people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- HARPER Glynis, HOPKINSON Peter
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 30(4), December 2002, pp.149-152.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The purpose of this article is to examine the concept of 'protective behaviours' (PBs). Working with children who had been abused, researchers recognised that the need to 'feel safe' was fundamental to personal growth and development. Identifying and addressing the children's need to feel safe, increased feelings of empowerment, control, and self-worth; and decreased the likelihood of their becoming victims of future abuse.
The impact of service user cognitive level on carer attributions for aggressive behaviour
- Authors:
- TYNAN Hannah, ALLEN David
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15(3), September 2002, pp.213-223.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article is based on a study designed to test the hypothesis that carer attributions for aggressive behaviour vary according to a service user's severity of intellectual disability. Forty-two residential care staff participated in an investigation examining the effects of the level of a service user's intellectual disability on causal attributions for their aggressive behaviour. Equal numbers of participants were assigned to either a 'mild disability' or a 'severe disability' condition and required to read a vignette depicting a service user with aggressive challenging behaviour. The service user depicted in the mild disabilities condition was perceived to have significantly greater control over factors causing the aggressive behaviour than the service user in the severe disabilities condition. Participants in the severe disabilities condition considered the aggression to be significantly more challenging. Learned behaviour and emotional causal models of aggressive behaviour were favoured, whilst the physical environment account was seen as least appropriate. Additionally, the biomedical model was rated as significantly more applicable in the severe disability condition than in the mild disability condition.
A randomized controlled trial of the efficacy of a cognitive-behavioural anger management group for clients with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- WILLNER Paul, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15(3), September 2002, pp.224-235.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article describes a trial where 14 clients with learning difficulties were randomly assigned to an anger management group for treatment. Treatment included brainstorming, role playing and homework. Topics included the triggers that evoke anger; physiological and behavioural components; and cognitive strategies to avoid the onset of anger.
Adolescent sex offenders with mental retardation literature review and assessment considerations
- Authors:
- TIMMS Sheila, GORECZNY Anthony J.
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 7(1), January 2002, pp.1-19.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This article begins by reviewing literature on social deficits of individuals who have mental retardation. These deficits may contribute to aberrant sexual behaviour among adolescents. Then reviews literature on adolescent sex offenders, including those with mental retardation. Concludes the review with suggestions for assessment of adolescent sex offenders and with recommendations for future directions.