Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Spinning straw: the Jeff Apple story
- Authors:
- GREEN Phyllis J.D., APPLE Patricia M.
- Publisher:
- Diverse City Press
- Publication year:
- 1999
- Pagination:
- 196p.
- Place of publication:
- Eastman, QC
Jeff Apple was a baby who one day hit his head. From that day forward his family was subjected to an epic voyage past autism, developmental disability and extreme self-injury. Never wavering on love they always found hope, joy and laughter. Theirs was a lifetime of "spinning straw into gold".
Self-injurious behaviour: a collection of published papers on prevalence, causes and treatment in people who are mentally handicapped or autistic
- Authors:
- MURPHY Glynis, WILSON Barbara
- Publisher:
- British Institute of Mental Handicap
- Publication year:
- 1985
- Pagination:
- 455p.,diags.,tables,illus.,bibli
- Place of publication:
- Wolverhampton
Epidemiology of self-injurious behaviour in adults with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- COLLACOTT Richard A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 173, November 1998, pp.428-432.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
There have been few epidemiological studies of the disabling and poorly understood disorder self-injurious behaviour among adults with learning disabilities. Reports on a study examining the prevalence and associated features of self-injurious behaviour among people with learning disabilities living within Leicestershire. Concludes that self-injurious behaviour is a prevalent and disabling disorder among adults with learning disabilities.
A comparison of adults with intellectual disabilities with and without asd on parallel measures of challenging behaviour: the behavior problems inventory-01 (BPI-01) and autism spectrum disorders-behavior problems for intellectually disabled adults
- Authors:
- ROJAHN Johannes, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 23(2), March 2010, pp.179-185.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Whilst challenging behaviour may not be part of the diagnostic criteria for autistic spectrum disorders (ASD), they are frequently displayed by children and adults with this condition – with the degree of challenging behaviours are highest in individuals with an ASD and co-occurring intellectual disability. The participants for this study consisted of 57 institutionalised adults with intellectual disability who either did or did not meet criteria for an ASD on a screening instrument (Autism Spectrum Disorders-Diagnosis for Intellectually Disabled Adults, or ASD-DA). These two groups were compared using two parallel measures of challenging behaviour commonly used with this population: the Behaviour Problems Inventory-01 and Autism Spectrum Disorders-Behaviour Problems for Intellectually Disabled Adults. Findings, consistent with previous research, showed that individuals with ASD demonstrated higher levels of overall challenging behaviour and especially with regard to self-harm and stereotypical behaviours. The convergent validity of these two scales was also demonstrated for the entire sample and by group.
The effects of non-contingent self restraint and self injury
- Authors:
- KDERTH Denise Marzullo, PORGAR Patrick R., MORALES Sabrina
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 22(2), March 2009, pp.187-193.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Self-restraint is a pervasive phenomenon among individuals who engage in self-injurious behaviour (SIB). The present study examined the use of clothing as a socially acceptable alternative to self-restraint to reduce SIB and other topographies of self-restraint in an adolescent diagnosed with autism. Two separate functional analyses were conducted for SIB prior to the self-restraint evaluation. A reversal design was then used to evaluate the effect of non-contingent access to a hooded sweatshirt on rates of self-restraint and SIB. Both functional analyses suggested that SIB was maintained by access to tangible items, attention, and perhaps also by escape from demands. The results of the self-restraint evaluation indicated that when access to a hooded sweatshirt was provided, rates of other topographies of self-restraint dropped to zero and rates of SIB were reduced by 54% from baseline levels. These results highlight the idiosyncratic relationship between SIB and self-restraint and suggest that systematic evaluations of this relationship may lead to reductions in both behaviours.
Specific factors in assessing and intervening in cases of self-injury by people with autistic conditions
- Authors:
- HARE D.J., LEADBEATER C.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities for Nursing Health and Social Care, 2(2), June 1998, pp.60-65.
Self-injurious behaviour presents a serious challenge to those working with people with learning disabilities. Several models have been advanced to account for the occurrence of the behaviours and offer methods for intervention. This article examines self-injurious behaviour as exhibited by people with learning disabilities and autistic conditions. A number of autism-specific factors are put forward for staff to consider when analysing and intervening with such behaviours.
Choosing staff members reduces time in mechanical restraint due to self-injurious behaviour and requesting restraint
- Authors:
- JENSEN Craig C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 25(3), May 2012, pp.282-287.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This brief report describes an attempt to reduce self-injurious behaviour and associated mechanical restraint of a women who had a history of biting herself to the point of causing nerve damage. The use mechanical restraints to protect her from dangerous self-injury was decreased by the client choosing the staff person who would work with her. The client was a 28-year-old woman diagnosed with autism, bipolar disorder, static cerebral encephalopathy, moderate intellectual disabilities, hypotonia and musculoskeletal deformities. Mechanical restraints were applied when she bit, tried to bite herself or asked for them. When she was allowed to choose staff members, the use of mechanical restraint decreased. The authors conclude that reducing the time spent in mechanical restraint by giving the client a choice of staff members who would work with her demonstrates that such a choice may be an establishing operation. The value of cumulative records and scatterplots to evaluate changes in the occurrence of self-injurious behaviour and associated mechanical restraint is demonstrated as are the advantages of using alternating treatment designs to assess the effectiveness of treatment conditions for someone who exhibits long-term cyclic behaviour.