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The relationship between challenging behaviour, burnout and cognitive variables in staff working with people who have intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- MILLS S., ROSE J.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(9), September 2011, pp.844-857.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Previous research leads to the hypothesis that negative emotions and the way in which staff perceive challenging behaviour may mediate the relationship between burnout in those working with people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and clients’ challenging behaviour. The aim of this study was to confirm the nature of this relationship. Seventy-eight staff working in variety of service settings in England completed measures of burnout, challenging behaviour and perceptions about challenging behaviour. The perceptions explored included beliefs about the timeline of behaviour, staff's perception of whether they have control over the behaviour, beliefs about clients' ability to control the behaviour and staff's negative emotional responses. Significant positive correlations were found between challenging behaviour and burnout, challenging behaviour and cognitive variables, and cognitive variables and burnout. Regression analyses demonstrated that negative emotions did indeed mediate the relationship between challenging behaviour and burnout. The results also show that higher levels of challenging behaviour were correlated with higher levels of fear of assault.
A preliminary exploration of the Challenging Behaviour Perception Questionnaire: a measure of parental cognitions about challenging behaviour
- Authors:
- ROSE John, NELSON Lisa
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 43(2), 2018, pp.223-231.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Although there has been interest in the influence of cognitions on the relationship between challenging behaviour and maternal wellbeing, there is an absence of measures to specifically examine parents’ perceptions of challenging behaviour. The psychometric properties of the Challenging Behaviour Perception Questionnaire (CBPQ; Williams, R. J., & Rose, J. L. [2007]. The development of a questionnaire to assess the perceptions of care staff towards people with intellectual disabilities who display challenging behaviour. Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 11, 197–211) were investigated to assess its applicability to mothers. Method: Forty-six mothers of children and young adults with intellectual disability completed questionnaires regarding their child’s challenging behaviour, maternal cognitions, and stress. A subsample of participants completed the CBPQ 2 weeks later. Results: Examination of the psychometric properties of the CBPQ resulted in a 24-item measure with 6 subscales. Coefficients at subscale level ranged from .70 to .85 for internal reliability and .39 to .93 for test–retest reliability. Evidence of concurrent validity was also found. Conclusions: The CBPQ is a promising measure of perceptions of challenging behaviour and could be usefully employed in subsequent studies. (Publisher abstract)
Staff perception of aggressive behaviour in community services for adults with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- HENSEL Jennifer M., LUNSKY Yona, DEWA Carolyn S.
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 50(6), 2014, pp.743-751.
- Publisher:
- Springer
Experiencing aggressive behaviour has been associated with increased stress and turnover among staff who support adults with intellectual disabilities. Incident perception is a strong predictor of psychological outcomes after trauma but has not been studied in this staff group. This study clustered exposure to aggression and endorsement of emotional difficulties among 386 community residential group home staff and evaluated the contribution of four behavioural topographies to staff-rated perceived severity. Staff exposure varied considerably. Perceived severity correlated with subjective emotional difficulties. High perceived severity was associated with daily exposure, aggression towards others causing injury, and property aggression causing injury or damage. Therefore, the role the staff plays, whether a witness or target, may impact their experience. (Publisher abstract)
Solicitor's experiences of representing parents with learning disabilities in care proceedings: altering practice and coping with stress
- Authors:
- COX Rachel, EVANS Roger, KROESE Biza Stenfert
- Journal article citation:
- Family Law, 44, July 2014, pp.1017-121.
- Publisher:
- Jordan
In the UK parents with learning disabilities are over represented in public law care proceedings and are at a much higher risk of having their children placed outside the birth family. This article outlines possible reasons for this and the impact on solicitors who represent parents with learning disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Attitudes of direct care staff towards external professionals, team climate and psychological wellbeing: a pilot study
- Authors:
- ROSE John, AHUJA Apinder Kaur, JONES Christopher
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 10(2), June 2006, pp.105-120.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Relationships with external professionals may be an important factor in the psychological wellbeing of care staff. A questionnaire to measure team climate and staff wellbeing was developed, tested and revised. Seventy-two direct care staff completed the revised questionnaire, which had acceptable levels of internal consistency. Significant correlations were found between care staff attitudes towards professionals and levels of team climate and psychological wellbeing. The pattern of relationships was explored by path analysis. Further work is needed on the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. There is a clear association between attitudes to professionals and team climate and between some aspects of climate and psychological wellbeing. Professionals should adopt collaborative ways of working based on problem-solving approaches with staff teams, with the aim of delivering improved quality of care to residents.
Associations between behaviours that challenge in adults with intellectual disability, parental perceptions and parental mental health
- Authors:
- WAITE Jane, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 56(4), 2017, pp.408-430.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: This study examined parental perceptions of behaviours that challenge (CB) in their adult children with intellectual disability (ID), and explored whether perceptions mediated associations between CB and parental psychological distress. Design: A within-group correlational design was employed. Methods: Sixty-five parents reported on individuals with genetic syndromes and ID who had chronic CB. Parents completed the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) adapted to measure perceptions of self-injury, aggression or property destruction, alongside assessments of parental locus of control, attributions about behaviour, parental psychological distress, and CB. Results: A high proportion of parents evidenced anxiety and depression at clinically significant levels (56.9% and 30.8%, respectively). Contrary to predictions, psychological distress was not significantly associated with CB. The perception that the adult with ID exerted control over the parent's life mediated the association between CB and parental psychological distress. Few parents endorsed operant reinforcement as a cause of CB (< 10%). Conclusions: The high levels of psychological distress in parents is notable and of concern. Further research should consider the reasons why parents have causal attributions that might be inconsistent with contemporary interventions. Practitioner points: 1) Parents experience high levels of psychological distress while supporting adults with ID who engage in chronic behaviours that challenge; 2) A stronger belief that the adult with ID exerts control over the parent's life may mediate an association between CB exhibited by the individual with ID and parental psychological distress; 3) Few parents endorsed operant reinforcement as a cause of behaviours that challenge. (Publisher abstract)
Mental health staff views on improving burnout and mental toughness
- Authors:
- POSNER Zoe, JANSSEN Jessie, RODDAM Hazel
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health Training Education and Practice, 12(4), 2017, pp.249-259.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Burnout in mental health staff is acknowledged as a major problem. The purpose of this paper is to gain an understanding of mental health staff views on improving burnout and mental toughness in mental health staff. Design/methodology/approach: Ten participants from two mental health rehabilitation units across the north-west of England took part in a Nominal Group Technique. Participants consisted of mental health workers from varied roles in order to capture views from a multidisciplinary team. The main question posed to the staff was “What strategies and techniques do you think could help improve burnout and mental toughness in mental health staff”. Findings: The study revealed that the top three ideas to take forward to help improve burnout and mental toughness in mental health staff were improving the culture/organisation, improving staff wellbeing and education. Additionally, staff were highly motivated and enthusiastic about engaging in discussion about what could be done to improve their wellbeing and the importance of taking this forward. Originality/value: This study is unique in involving mental health staff in discussing their ways of improving their mental health. It is also unique as it has found the nine strategies to do this and these could be used in targeted training for mental health staff (Publisher abstract)
Relationships between social support, stress and mother-child Interactions in mothers with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- FELDMAN Maurice A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 15(4), December 2002, pp.314-323.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Parents with intellectual disabilities suffer very high stress, but little is known about factors that mitigate stress and their impact on parenting. This study showed that the mothers with intellectual disabilities experienced high levels of stress, were socially isolated and reported a great need for support. A satisfactory social support network may mitigate the effects of stress and is related to maternal positive interactional style.
A preliminary investigation into staff satisfaction and staff emotions and attitudes in a unit for men with learning disabilities and serious challenging behaviours
- Authors:
- BELL Dorothy M., ESPIE Colin A.
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 30(1), March 2002, pp.19-27.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Describes a preliminary investigation into staff satisfaction, and staff emotions and attitudes towards residents in a traditional setting for people with both learning disabilities and serious challenging behaviours and discusses the implications for the future research. The findings indicate that staff satisfaction was low and could be improved considerably in terms of management support. However, the level of satisfaction in working with the residents in the unit was high. The results also showed the coexistence of different attitudes and emotions which could be described as positive and negative in individual staff members. To assesses this, the present authors used a new, 13-item analogue measure, the Attitudes to People Who Display Challenging Behaviour questionnaire.
Maternal employment and family responsibilities: the perspectives of mothers and children with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- SHEARN Julia, TODD Stuart
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(3), 2000, pp.109-131.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Examines the nature of the restrictions which affect the employment participation of mothers of children with learning disabilities and explores the meaning work has for them. The data were derived from qualitative interviews with 18 mothers of children with disabilities aged between 5 and 15 years. These mothers found employment difficult. They encountered unusual time demands, and a lack of adequate and affordable child care. The mothers felt that they were on the periphery of society with little release from the pressures of caring. Mothers who had part-time jobs often did poorly paid work of low status, thereby encountering few opportunities to use their skills and abilities to the full. Those who attempted a full-time job experienced stress from the dual demands of home and work, and from a fear that they were failing as mothers.