Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Participatory data analysis alongside co-researchers who have Down Syndrome
- Author:
- STEVENSON Miriam
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(1), 2013, pp.23-33.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
There are not many research projects which include people with an intellectual disability in data analysis. This paper tells the story of how a small group of people with Down syndrome called co-researchers, joined in analysing data from their peers in a research project. The ‘Voices for Change’ study took place between 2007 and 2011 and the project sought to assist the young people in achieving their life goals and greater social connection using a ‘circles of support’ model. A university based researcher analysed a portion of the data set using thematic networks with the participation of co-researchers in iterative cycles of reflexivity. The participation of the co-researchers is demonstrated and a global theme, deduced from the collaborative analysis, is described. Authentic participation of co-researchers in the data analysis stage of the research process is an example of ‘inclusive research’ and assures adherence to the principles of EDR in informing the theory and practice of social inclusion for young adults with an intellectual disability. (Edited publisher abstract)
Co-researching with people who have intellectual disabilities: insights from a national survey
- Authors:
- O'BRIEN Patricia, McCONKEY Roy, GARCIA-IRIARTE Edurne
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(1), 2013, pp.65-75.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In undertaking a national study exploring what life was like in Ireland for people with intellectual disabilities, a community of practice was developed involving a core group of co-researchers: five people with intellectual disabilities, four university researchers and three service support staff. An additional cadre of 15 co-researchers with intellectual disabilities was recruited to undertake data gathering and analysis with 23 focus groups involving 168 participants. The research experience was documented through oral feedback, progress reports, minutes and a project review. The key learning is documented arising from the setting up of an inclusive advisory group and implementation of each of six research steps. The study demonstrates feasibility and the added value of university co-researchers recruiting and developing skills together with co-researchers with intellectual disabilities. Topics for further research and development are identified. (Edited publisher abstract)
How effective is the cognitive interview when used with adults with intellectual disabilities specifically with conversation recall?
- Authors:
- CLARKE Jason, PRESCOTT Katherine, MILNE Rebecca
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 26(6), 2013, pp.546-556.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study compared the memory recall of twenty-one adults with a mild intellectual disability (IQ 70–50) and twenty-one adults from the general population to assess the benefits of using a cognitive interview with adults with learning disabilities. Participants viewed a film of a staged distraction theft and were interviewed using either the cognitive interview or the structured interview. The cognitive interview, when compared to the structured interview, enhanced the correct recall of person, action and conversation detail for both participant types, without increasing the number of incorrect or confabulated details reported. The ID group reported significantly less correct information than the GP regardless of the interview used. The findings suggest that the cognitive interview can enable adults with intellectual disability to provide a fuller picture about an experienced event. Implications of this research are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
‘Everybody just thinks I'm weird’: a qualitative exploration of the psychosocial experiences of adolescents with Tourette syndrome
- Authors:
- WADMAN R., TISCHLER Victoria, JACKSON G.M.
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 39(6), 2013, pp.880-886.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Research suggests Tourette syndrome (TS) can have a negative impact on quality of life. To date, little research has examined the perspectives of young people with this condition in depth. Methods: Six 14- to 16-year-olds with TS took part in semi-structured interviews to explore the perceived impact of this condition on self and on relationships with others. The transcripts were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: The young people felt that TS was a constant presence in their lives, but one they have learnt to cope with well. Most had developed supportive friendships but encountered problems when interacting with the wider peer network. Specific concerns around meeting new people and future employment were voiced. Conclusions: The adolescents described specific ways in which TS affects quality of life and social interactions, and the effort it can take to cope effectively with this condition. (Publisher abstract)
Health inequalities and people with a learning disability
- Author:
- BLACK Lesley-Ann
- Publisher:
- Northern Ireland Assembly. Research and Information Service
- Publication year:
- 2013
- Pagination:
- 26
- Place of publication:
- Belfast
This paper examines the evidence relating to the health inequalities faced by people with a learning disability, who have diverse needs and will often experience multiple health problems. The paper also considers policy developments from the Department of Health, Social Services and Public Safety (DHSSPS) in terms of addressing health inequalities in the learning disability population in Northern Ireland. These include the Bamford Action Plans (2009-2011 and 2012-2015) and a Service Framework for Learning Disability (2012). (Edited publisher abstract)
Modification of motivational interviewing for use with people with mild intellectual disability and challenging behaviour
- Authors:
- FRIELINK Noud, EMBREGTS Petri
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 38(4), 2013, pp.279-291.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Motivational interviewing is a promising method to increase treatment motivation for people with mild intellectual disability and challenging behaviour. The purpose of the present study was to identify how professionals could adapt motivational interviewing techniques for use with clients. Method: The authors conducted semistructured qualitative interviews and focus groups with 26 clients, parents, and professionals. A general inductive approach led to the identification of multiple core themes. Results: The authors recommend several modifications to accommodate motivational interviewing for use with clients: adapt to language level, adjust to cognitive abilities, and control for social desirability of responding. In addition, certain characteristics of professionals were also found to be critical for effective motivational interviewing: trustworthiness, engagement, acceptance, empathy, and honesty. Conclusions: Concrete recommendations for the adaptation of the motivational interviewing techniques for use with people with mild intellectual disability and challenging behaviour are identified. Certain characteristics of professionals are also critical for maximising the treatment motivation of clients. (Publisher abstract)
How do we prevent another Winterbourne? A literature review
- Author:
- WRIGHT Sally
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(6), 2013, pp.3-14.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to focus on the precipitants of physical and psychological abuse of individuals with intellectual disabilities in order to understand why mistreatment continues to be prevalent. In particular, the importance of contributing factors were explored such as challenging behaviour and lack of staff training, in an attempt to prevent another “Winterbourne”. Design/methodology/approach – A literature search using the search terms “Intellectual disability”, “learning disability”, “abuse”, “challenging behaviour” and “residential” was conducted. Articles were included using the criteria: adults with intellectual disabilities, concentration on neglect and physical abuse, abuse by staff members and articles written within the last 15 years. Using these criteria, a total of 19 articles were isolated. Additional articles were located through reference to citation lists. In total, 31 relevant articles were identified. Findings – The majority of research agrees that a meaningful increase in risk of abuse does exist for individuals with intellectual disabilities. There is a lack of recent empirical evidence discussing the incidence of abuse, potential causes and the long-term impact of staff training in reducing the incidence of abuse. These gaps may be due to the subjective definition of abuse, the current “reactive” approach to abuse, the ability of perpetrators to hide mistreatment and difficulty in quantifying the difference that increased staff training has on performance. More research is required to adequately protect individuals with intellectual disabilities in the residential setting. Originality/value – The paper highlights gaps in the current literature and identifies potential areas that could be improved in order to reduce the prevalence of abuse in residential care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Beyond friendship: the nature and meaning of close personal relationships as perceived by people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- LAFFERTY Attracta, McCONKEY Roy, TAGGART Laurence
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 28(8), 2013, pp.1074-1088.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study uses a combination of dyadic and one-to-one interviews with eight couples with learning disabilities in Northern Ireland to gain a better understanding of the meaning and value these relationships bring to their lives. Data collection and analysis was informed and guided by the core principles of grounded theory. Five significant types of benefits were identified from having close personal relationships, namely: comradeship, a sense of contentment, availability of mutual support, coping with the ups and downs of relationships, and a continuing commitment. Service providers could do more to facilitate the formation of close meaningful relationships, and strategies for doing this need to be identified and evaluated. (Edited publisher abstract)
Premature deaths - how many could be avoided?
- Authors:
- MARRIOTT Anna, HESLOP Pauline
- Journal article citation:
- Community Living, 27(1), 2013, pp.26-27.
- Publisher:
- Hexagon Publishing
An inquiry into premature deaths among people with learning disabilities revealed that over a third could have been avoided through good quality health care. The authors, who were part of the research team, report on their findings. (Publisher abstract)
People with learning disabilities and microenterprise
- Authors:
- REDDINGTON Tess, FITZSIMONS Janet
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 18(3), 2013, pp.124-131.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This paper examine the outcomes for people with learning disabilities who run microenterprises, and consider how microenterprise might provide an alternative to day centre, training provision, conventional volunteering, or paid employment. It explores and examines the barriers to enterprise and how learning-disabled entrepreneurs can best be supported to achieve success. Views were sought from entrepreneurs with learning disabilities, support workers, health and social care professionals, and family members to understand what worked and what didn’t work, and to consider if microenterprises are a viable alternative to more traditional activities for people with learning disabilities. The article aims to contribute to the body of knowledge that exists in this field, and is executed with a view to sharing best practice. Whilst the study sought to investigate all aspects of people with a learning disability working in a microenterprise, the authors recognise that there is a tendency in such cases for only those with a positive experience to come forward. (Edited publisher abstract)