Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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The impact of health checks for people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of evidence
- Authors:
- ROBERTSON J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(11), November 2011, pp.1009-1019.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have poorer health than their non-disabled peers, partly because of barriers associated with identifying ill health and ensuring timely access to healthcare services. The implementation of health checks for people with ID have been recommended internationally as one component of health policy responses to the poorer health of people with ID. The aim of this review is to summarise evidence on the impact of health checks on the health and well-being of people with ID. Searches of electronic literature databases and email contacts were used to identify relevant peer reviewed articles published from 1989 onwards in the English language. A total of 38 publications were identified. In total, the articles described the health checks of over 5000 people with ID from a range of countries. The samples covered a full range of ages, severity of ID, and living situations. Health checks consistently led to detection of unmet health needs and targeted actions to address health needs. The review concludes that health checks are effective in identifying previously unrecognised health needs, including life-threatening conditions.
Does organizational climate impact upon burnout in staff who work with people with intellectual disabilities? A systematic review of the literature
- Authors:
- THOMPSON Lauren, ROSE John
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 15(3), September 2011, pp.177-193.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
This article reviews the literature regarding factors relating to organisational climate and burnout in staff working with people with intellectual disabilities. A systematic literature search was conducted for relevant articles from 1990 to 2010. The 21 selected articles broadly fell into 2 categories influenced by changes in the socio-political context and service provision for people with intellectual disabilities. The earlier studies appeared to capture changes that were happening as a result of the deinstitutionalisation process, both in the UK and abroad. As this process came to an end, the later studies appeared to reflect the impact of changes to service provision in terms of a greater emphasis on the interaction between the staff and their environment though the application of work-stress theory, including ‘person–environment fit’ and demand control. Overall, it was found that an organisational climate that has a better ‘person–environment’ fit promotes greater job satisfaction and reduced burnout.
Activities and participation in children with developmental coordination disorder: a systematic review
- Authors:
- MAGALHAES L.C., CARDOSO A.A., MISSIUNA C.
- Journal article citation:
- Research in Developmental Disabilities, 32(4), July 2011, pp.1309-1316.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Evidence on the activity and participation difficulties of children with developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD) were examined in this systematic review. Forty-four studies reporting on difficulties with activities and participation were identified, mostly as a secondary focus. Few used standardised measures and adequate descriptions of the kinds of difficulties experienced, leading to problems with coding the data. The lack of information and its limited scope mean that there is very little that can be drawn in order to design intervention strategies for children with developmental co-ordination disorder (DCD).
Physical conditions and challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disability: a systematic review
- Authors:
- WINTER C. F. de, JANSEN A. A. C., EVENHUIS H.M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 55(7), July 2011, pp.675-698.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Challenging behaviour is a major problem among people with intellectual disabilities. There are multiple causes of challenging behaviour, of which physical factors may be an important one. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the physical conditions associated with challenging behaviour. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and the Cochrane systematic review database for empirical studies published between 1990 and 2008 with a minimum sample size of 5 participants. The search identified 45 studies. These were allocated to 8 different categories: general medical conditions; motor impairment; epilepsy; sensory impairment; gastrointestinal disease; sleep disorders; dementia; and others. There were 4 high-quality observational studies, 7 well-conducted observational studies, 21 observational studies of low methodological quality, and 13 non-analytical studies. There were significant and independent associations between challenging behaviours and urinary incontinence, pain related to cerebral palsy, and chronic sleep problems, and between self-injurious behaviour and visual impairment. No association was found with hearing impairment, bowel incontinence, mobility impairment or epilepsy. Many other physical conditions were not addressed at all. The article concludes that medical conditions can play a role in challenging behaviour, and this should be evaluated in the clinical setting. Recommendations for further research are discussed.