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Neuropsychological profile of pre-schoolers with metaphonological difficulties: results from a non-clinical sample
- Authors:
- TERMINE C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 33(6), November 2007, pp.703-712.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The level of language development reached in pre-school age is considered the most reliable predictor of reading acquisition. In normally developing children, learning to read is strongly related to early language skills, and in particular to phonological processing abilities. In dyslexic children, reading abilities seem to show a correlation with phonological awareness. A group of 65 children (aged 5–6 years) were recruited and submitted to an in-depth neuropsychological assessment [i.e. metaphonological skills, intelligence, verbal short-term memory (VSTM) and other aspects of receptive and expressive language]. The authors were able to identify 14 children with significant metaphonological difficulties (MD): 11 children with exclusively MD, and the other three children with specific language impairment. This study compares the neuropsychological profile obtained from children with MD with that of a peer group without any language impairment (N). The performances of the MD were within the normal ability range in almost all the administered tests but significantly lower compared with those of their peers without language impairment (N) in some items of the intelligence scale (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence) and in the tests of VSTM and of receptive/expressive language. Nevertheless, there were not statistically significant differences between MD and N in output phonology. In pre-school age, in a group of non-clinical children, with a range of abilities, those with MD appear to be at the lower end of the normal range in many other verbal skills. These children could be considered at-risk for possible subsequent difficulties learning to read and thus need to be identified and to warrant prompt treatment.
Safeguarding adults with learning disabilities: keeping people safe: easy read summary
- Author:
- CARE SERVICES IMPROVEMENT PARTNERSHIP. Valuing People Support Team
- Publisher:
- Care Services Improvement Partnership. Valuing People Support Team
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 12p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Easy read summary of a new Good Practice Guidance on Commissioning Specialist Adult Learning Disability Health Services. There is a new information pack to help people who are members of Partnership Boards to better protect adults with learning disabilities in the communities in which they live
Safeguarding adults with learning disabilities: information for partnership boards
- Author:
- CARE SERVICES IMPROVEMENT PARTNERSHIP. Valuing People Support Team
- Publisher:
- Care Services Improvement Partnership. Valuing People Support Team
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 37p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The Department of Health have brought out a new Good Practice Guidance on Commissioning Specialist Adult Learning Disability Health Services. There is a new information pack to help people who are members of Partnership Boards to better protect adults with learning disabilities in the communities in which they live.
Partnerships for training: an easy access pack for developing equal training partnerships with people with a learning disability
- Authors:
- JONES Jane, ROBERTSON Christopher
- Publisher:
- British Institute of Learning Disabilities
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 45p., DVD
- Place of publication:
- Kidderminster
This easy access pack is for experienced trainers and people with learning disabilities who want to work together to do training as equal partners. The pack is made up of a workbook and a DVD-ROM. The workbook includes sections on developing an equal partnership, planning and practising training sessions, and reviewing how actual training went. The DVD-ROM contains video clips illustrating good and bad practice and has been designed to make it easy to use.
Personal vs. proxy focus groups' perspectives on quality of life
- Authors:
- HOLBURN Steve, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 4(3), September 2007, p.210–212.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The authors present a finding from a larger study that investigated variation in perspective among different stakeholder focus groups about enhancing quality of life (QoL) of individuals with intellectual disabilities living in group residences in New York. The report illustrates how self-advocates' interests in enhancing QoL were distributed approximately evenly across home life, relationships, and community, while other groups (family members, direct support staff, and residence managers) were principally concerned about QoL as it pertained to home life. This finding speaks to the importance of querying people with intellectual disabilities personally when assessing QoL.
Profiles and correlates of aggressive behaviour among adults with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- CROCKER A.G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51(10), October 2007, pp.786-801.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Despite the heterogeneity in aggressive behaviours observed among individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID), little attention has been paid to the identification of typologies of aggression among individuals with mild or moderate ID and their associated factors. The goal of the present study was to identify profiles of aggressive behaviour and their psychosocial correlates. In this cross-sectional study of 296 adults with mild or moderate ID, information was gathered through interviews with the ID participants, their case manager and a significant other. Client files were also reviewed. Multiple correspondence analysis followed by hierarchical cluster analysis generated six distinct profiles of aggressive behaviour in this sample. The ‘violent’ group clearly stood out as lacking social and vocational involvement, having more severe mental health problems, high levels of impulsivity and antisocial tendencies compared with all other groups. The identification of distinct profiles of aggressive behaviour offers new possibilities for studying risk factors and eventually targeting specific risk prevention strategies.
Person-centred planning: factors associated with successful outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- ROBERTSON J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 51(3), March 2007, pp.232-243.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Recent research in the USA and UK indicates that person-centred planning (PCP) can lead to improvements in lifestyle-related outcomes for people with intellectual disabilities (ID). It is clear, however, that the introduction of PCP does not have an equal impact for all participants. The aim of the present paper was to identify factors associated with the probability of delivering a plan and with improvements in outcomes for those who did receive a plan. Information on the life experiences of participants was collected over a period of approximately 2 years for a cohort of 93 adults with ID across four sites in England. There were powerful inequalities in both access to and the efficacy of PCP in relation to participant characteristics, contextual factors and elements of the PCP process. Results are discussed in relation to implications for policy and practice for increasing the effectiveness of PCP and reducing inequalities in the life experiences of people with ID.
When advocacy is powerful it is also vulnerable
- Author:
- BRANDON Althea
- Journal article citation:
- Community Living, 21(1), 2007, p.25.
- Publisher:
- Hexagon Publishing
The author briefly tells the story of two advocacy projects, showing both the power of advocacy and its vulnerability - that when successful they often cause problems for those in power. The projects highlighted are SHIELD, which worked directly with disabled people carrying out advocacy and care planning work and LANCE which work with disabled homeless people.
No one knows: identifying and supporting prisoners with learning difficulties and learning disabilities: the views of prison staff
- Author:
- LOUCKS Nancy
- Publisher:
- Prison Reform Trust
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 58p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report is one in a series of reports and briefing papers from No One Knows. It sets out the views of prison staff in Scotland on how prisoners with learning difficulties and learning disabilities are identified and supported. The report begins with an outline of the aims and methods for this particular study. It then briefly provides the context for prisoners with learning difficulties and learning disabilities in Scotland. The main body of the report covers the views of prison staff regarding how prisoners with learning difficulties or learning disabilities are identified and supported in their prisons. The conclusion sets out the main findings, together with preliminary recommendations for change and ways to build on existing good practice.
Inspection of services for people with learning disabilities: London Borough of Sutton: April 2007
- Authors:
- DE METZ Alison, et al
- Publisher:
- Commission for Social Care Inspection. London
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 47p.
- Place of publication:
- London