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‘The silence is roaring’: sterilization, reproductive rights and women with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- TILLEY Elizabeth, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 27(3), May 2012, pp.413-426.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article explores the history of sterilization of women with intellectual disabilities, and considers its relevance to current practice regarding reproductive choice and futures. It provides an overview of published research on historical practices, focusing on the United Kingdom, the United States, Canada and the Nordic countries. Most of this research draws upon written records, centring on eugenics debates. However, emerging oral history testimonies gathered by the authors suggest that sterilization procedures were also conducted in the community, the result of private negotiations between parents and medical practitioners. The article presents these accounts and calls for an end to the silence on this issue.
Gaining feedback from people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- BALL Jo, SHANKS Andrew
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75(10), October 2012, pp.471-477.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Despite growing interest in involving service users in evaluating service provision there is a lack of evidence about how occupational therapists working in the field of learning disabilities gather feedback. This research explored how members of the UK College of Occupational Therapists Specialist Section - People with Learning Disabilities gathered feedback from their service users. Questionnaires were completed by 70 occupational therapists and 12 of them participated in semi-structured interviews. The occupational therapists were passionate about service user feedback, but they were more likely to use informal methods rather than established methods with a more robust evidence base. Despite research indicating greater potential for bias when asking people with learning disabilities for feedback, almost half the participants did not take measures to reduce this. The survey responses suggest that this is due to service pressures, lack of confidence and the complexity of service users' needs. The authors believe that occupational therapists need to do more to gain feedback from people with learning disabilities and further research is required to establish the most effective way of doing this.
Challenging behaviour and associated risk factors: an overview (part I)
- Authors:
- KORITSAS Stella, IACONO Teresa
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 6(4), 2012, pp.199-214.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This review, the first in a two-part series, explores challenging behaviour in adults, its prevalence, risk factors and causes. It aims to provide an overview of prevalence studies and explore the various risk factors that have been associated with challenging behaviour. The authors also seek to explore methodological differences across studies that may contribute to the prevalence variations reported in the literature. The article summarises the findings from frequently cited prevalence studies as well as more recent studies. The prevalence of challenging behaviour reported in the literature has varied due to methodological differences across studies. Despite this, the best estimate is believed to be from 15 to 17.5 per cent. A range of factors have been associated with challenging behaviour and include gender, age, severity of disability and residential setting.
Patients with personality disorders and intellectual disability - closer to personality disorders or intellectual disability? A three-way comparison
- Authors:
- ALEXANDER Regi T., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology (The), 23(4), August 2012, pp.435-451.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Within secure intellectual disability services, the prevalence of personality disorders is around 50%. This study aimed to examine how patients with both intellectual disability and a personality disorder differ from those with an intellectual disability alone or those with a personality disorder alone. It involved retrospective case-note analysis relating to a sample of 362 patients discharged from secure hospital services in the UK between 1992 and 2001. The article describes the methodology and data analysis, and presents the results. It reports that the findings suggest that within the secure hospital system, those with intellectual disability alone and personality disorder alone were strikingly distinct, while those with both intellectual disability and personality disorders appeared to follow a path closer to those with intellectual disability in terms of outcomes. The authors discuss the differences and similarities between patients and the implications of the findings.
Support on the job
- Author:
- LITTLE Mathew
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Young People Now, 24.7.12, 2012, pp.22-23.
- Publisher:
- Haymarket Business Publications Ltd
Young people with special educational needs seeking jobs often come up against reluctant or inflexible employers. The Realistic Opportunities for Supported Employment Project (Rose) at Havering College of Further and Higher Education works with students with learning difficulties when they have finished Havering College courses, and actively seeks to find them paid employment. It uses job coaches to work alongside them in the first weeks of work. One young person explains how the Rose project has helped him. The article also draws parallels with the Rose project and the recently announced government supported internship pilot scheme.
Implementing a patient centred recovery approach in a secure learning disabilities service
- Authors:
- ESAN Fola, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 3(1), 2012, pp.24-35.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article examines how a patient centred recovery approach was implemented in a secure learning disabilities service. The Recovery Star; a measure of individual recovery, was adopted for use among the patients. Staff underwent training on the use of the Recovery Star tool after which a multidisciplinary steering group made some modifications to the tool. It was found that implementing a recovery approach with the Recovery Star tool was a beneficial process for the service. Key workers working with patients thought that the structure of the Recovery Star tool opened up avenues for discussing topics that may otherwise have not been discussed as fully. The authors concluded that the Recovery Star tool, embedded in a care programme approach process, equips patients and staff for measuring the recovery journey.
Personalisation and supported employment
- Authors:
- DAVIES Huw, MEILLING Kathy, WILSON Paul
- Publisher:
- British Association for Supported Employment
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 50p.
- Place of publication:
- Tottington
For most people, employment is essential to gain a sense of engagement and fulfilment. However, for many people with learning disabilities who are actively seeking work, only a few actually have a job. Published jointly with the British Institute of Learning Disabilities (BILD), this guide sets out what the key issues around personalisation and supported employment are, particularly for people with a learning disability and people with autism. It describes the supported employment model and current funding streams that can be used. The guide explores some of the challenges for jobseekers and for supported employment providers and how these might be overcome.
Managing money
- Author:
- FAWCETT Edd
- Journal article citation:
- Viewpoint, 127, May 2012, pp.14-17.
- Publisher:
- Mencap/Gateway
Traditionally, people with a learning disability have faced barriers to taking control of their own money. Issues around perceived lack of capability, financial jargon, appropriate identification and fear of financial abuse and debt have all prevented vulnerable people from opening even a basic bank account. However the banking system is said to be becoming more aware of these issues and beginning to address them. This article describes the progress being made.
All aboard
- Author:
- DARWENT Jenny
- Journal article citation:
- Viewpoint, 126, January 2012, pp.16-19.
- Publisher:
- Mencap/Gateway
Accessible transport is vital for people with a learning disability to live an independent life. Some of the challenges of getting out and about are discussed. Examples of good practice are also highlighted, including a travel mentoring service provided by Leeds Mencap.
Understanding the experiences and needs of South Asian families caring for a child with learning disabilities in the United Kingdom: an experiential–contextual framework
- Authors:
- HEER Kuljit, ROSE John, LARKIN Michael
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 27(7), 2012, pp.949-963.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The prevalence of learning disabilities is thought to be almost three times higher amongst the South Asian community than any other community in the United Kingdom. Despite this higher prevalence, service uptake and utilisation amongst the South Asian community in the United Kingdom remains low and may be linked to differences in the understanding and interpretations of learning disability amongst South Asian communities. The experiences of South Asian families caring for a child with learning disabilities within the United Kingdom are multifaceted. This article proposes an experiential-contextual framework for exploring these experiences. The framework incorporates minority experiences as well as medical and social models of disability. The experiential-contextual framework has been applied to understanding important aspects of South Asians experiences, including: the interpretations and understanding of learning disabilities; interactions with healthcare systems; minority group pressures; and the influence of acculturation and diversity within ethnic groups.