Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 3 of 3
An exploratory evaluation of the Ward and Hudson Offending Pathways model with sex offenders who have intellectual disability
- Authors:
- LANGDON Peter E., MAXTED Helen, MURPHY Glynis H.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 32(2), June 2007, pp.94-105.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
It was predicted that offenders with intellectual disability (ID) categorised according to Ward & Hudson's (1998b) self-regulation theory as having an Approach goal would have higher levels of distorted cognitions, less victim empathy, and a history of more prolific offending compared to those with an Avoidant goal. Offenders categorised as having a Passive strategy were hypothesised to have lower levels of general intellectual functioning, and more known offences and convictions compared to those with an Active strategy. Using a cross-sectional independent groups design, the offence pathways of 34 men with ID who were taking part in group cognitive behavioural therapy were rated by therapists. Participants assigned to each pathway were then compared using measures of sexual knowledge, distorted cognitions, and victim empathy. Cronbach's alpha for the measures was found to be acceptable. Offenders with an Approach goal were found to have higher levels of distorted cognitions and more denial about the negative impact of their offending upon their victims on one measure of distorted cognitions, while on another measure of distorted cognitions there were no differences. There were no differences between Approach and Avoidant offenders in terms of victim empathy, socio-sexual knowledge, severity of offending, and victim type. Offenders with a Passive strategy were found to have lower levels of general intellectual functioning than offenders with an Active strategy, but did not have more known offences and convictions. The findings provide partial support for the usefulness of the Offending Pathways model in understanding the sexual offence processes of men with ID. The difficulties with this study are further discussed, together with the theoretical implications.
The relationship between problem-solving ability and self-harm amongst people with mild intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- REES Joanna, LANGDON Peter E.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 29(4), 2016, p.387–393.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between depression, hopelessness, problem-solving ability and self-harming behaviours amongst people with mild intellectual disabilities (IDs). Methods: Thirty-six people with mild IDs (77.9% women, Mage = 31.77, SD = 10.73, MIQ = 62.65, SD = 5.74) who had a history of self-harm were recruited. Participants were asked to complete measures of depression, hopelessness and problem-solving ability. Results: Cutting was most frequently observed, and depression was prevalent amongst the sample. There was a significant positive relationship between depression and hopelessness, while there was no significant relationship between self-harm and depression or hopelessness. Problem-solving ability explained 15% of the variance in self-harm scores. Conclusions : Problem-solving ability appears to be associated with self-harming behaviours in people with mild IDs. (Publisher abstract)
Staff working with people who have intellectual disabilities within secure hospitals: expressed emotion and its relationship to burnout, stress and coping
- Authors:
- LANGDON Peter E., YAGUEZ Lidia, KUIPERS Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 11(4), December 2007, pp.343-357.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Studies involving professional carers of people with mental health problems have investigated the relationship between burnout, job satisfaction, the coping strategies employed by carers, and expressed emotion (EE). This study involved carers of adults with intellectual disabilities detained within a secure hospital. Twenty-seven nursing staff completed a Five Minute Speech Sample regarding a keyworked client. EE was coded, and measures of coping strategies, burnout, attitudes to psychiatric treatment and job satisfaction were administered. Sixty-three percent of the sample were coded as having high EE. These subjects reported significantly higher levels of depersonalization and lower levels of personal accomplishment. They used coping strategies more frequently: specifically they reported trying to reorganize their work and to seek support from others. The results are discussed in light of the findings of previous studies. It is noted that the study was not causal and the sample size was small.