Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Self-injurious behaviour in Cornelia de Lange syndrome: 1. Prevalence and phenomenology
- Authors:
- OLIVER C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 53(7), July 2009, pp.575-589.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Self-injurious behaviour is frequently identified as part of the behavioural phenotype of Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS). The authors conducted a case-control study of the prevalence and phenomenology of self-injurious behaviour (SIB) in CdLS. A total of 54 participants with CdLS were compared with 46 individuals who were comparable on key variables including age, degree of intellectual disability and wheelchair use, using questionnaire and observational measures. Clinically significant self-injury was not more prevalent in the CdLS group (55.6%), nor was it different in presentation from that seen in the comparison group. Hyperactivity, stereotyped and compulsive behaviours predicted clinically significant self-injury in all participants. Hand directed, mild self-injury was more prevalent in CdLS. The results show that clinically significant self-injury may not be part of the behavioural phenotype of CdLS but a specific body target for proto-SIB is more common.
Sheltered employment in five member states of the Council of Europe: Austria, Finland, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland
- Authors:
- SAMOY Erik, WATERPLAS Lina
- Publisher:
- Council of Europe
- Publication year:
- 1997
- Pagination:
- 67p.,bibliogs.
- Place of publication:
- Strasbourg
Comparative study looking at the situation of sheltered employment in the twelve Member States of the European Union. The data for each country is grouped under the following headings: institutional context; target population; access to sheltered employment; characteristics of the people in sheltered employment; and a discussion of the topics currently under debate around sheltered employment in each country.
The role of nurses in meeting the health care needs of older people with intellectual disabilities: a review of the published literature
- Author:
- JENKINS Robert
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 16(2), June 2012, pp.85-95.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Through medical intervention, people with intellectual disabilities now live longer in the UK and Ireland. As a consequence they are likely to have greater physical and mental health needs when compared to the general population. This review explored whether nurses have a crucial role to play in meeting such needs, and whether nurses are prepared for this role. A search was conducted for relevant English language articles dated between 1990 and 2011. Overall, there was little evidence of nurses undertaking effective interventions in meeting the health needs of older people with intellectual disabilities. Nurses have been alerted to the increase in numbers of older people with intellectual disabilities and offered some direction on their future role in this area. However, most of the current literature is based on informed opinion rather than research.
Ageing and health status in adults with intellectual disabilities: results of the European Pomona II study
- Authors:
- HAVEMAN Meindert, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 36(1), March 2011, pp.49-60.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
POMONA II was a European Commission funded public health project collecting information from 14 countries using a set of key health indicators specifically relevant for people with intellectual disabilities. This research focused on age-specific differences relating to environmental and lifestyle factors and the 17 medical conditions measured by the POMONA Checklist of Health Indicators. The article describes how information was collected using the POMONA Health Interview Survey and Evaluation Form from a sample of 1,253 participants in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Norway, Romania, Slovenia, Spain, and the United Kingdom. It then presents the results of the analysis, with tables showing characteristics of people with intellectual disabilities in the study, frequency of social contacts with relatives or friends according to age, lifestyle risk factors in people with intellectual disabilities according to age, and general and age-specific prevalence rates of health problems. The authors discuss how healthy older adults with intellectual disabilities are with regard to lifestyle factors, and whether there are health disparities between older adults with and without intellectual disabilities. They note that some evidence of health disparities was found for older people with intellectual disabilities, particularly in terms of under diagnosed or inadequately managed preventable health conditions.
Attitudes to bereavement and intellectual disabilities in an Irish context
- Authors:
- DODD Philip, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(3), September 2005, pp.237-243.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study examines the experience of bereavement for people with intellectual disabilities in Ireland, and makes international comparisons. The mixed method study was carried out using two questionnaires. The first was used to study national service and organisational approaches to bereavement. The second questionnaire was used to study a staff group working in Ireland, assessing staff knowledge and understanding of the grieving process. The results were compared with a UK staff group who were assessed using the same questionnaire (Murray et al. 2000). Staff and service attitudes were found to be very positive in supporting people with intellectual disabilities who have been bereaved. There is considerable understanding of the needs of bereaved individuals, and there is a high level of support in the participation in grief rituals. When compared with a UK staff group, Irish staffs were more inclined to encourage individuals to take part in bereavement rituals, though they had less actual experience in supporting bereaved people. Only one service had written bereavement guidelines. The authors conclude there appears to be cultural differences in the experience of bereavement for people with intellectual disabilities. This is important in the context of staff training and policy development in grief and bereavement.
Housing choices discussion paper 1: what is the evidence for the cost or cost-effectiveness of housing and support options for people with care or support needs?
- Authors:
- HARFLETT Naomi, et al
- Publisher:
- National Development Team for Inclusion
- Publication year:
- 2017
- Pagination:
- 12
- Place of publication:
- Bath
A brief summary of evidence on the costs and cost-effectiveness of residential care and other housing and support options for older people, people with learning disabilities and people with mental health problems. It draws on a review of peer reviewed and grey literature in the UK and Ireland from 2000 onwards. The paper highlights limitations in the available evidence, which include limitations in terms of quantity; quality; lack of reliability of unit costs used in the research, and difficulties of making comparisons across studies. It then provides a broad summary of the evidence that is available. The paper finds that limitations in quality and quantity mean that there is not sufficient, reliable evidence in which to inform housing and support decisions on the basis of cost. It concludes that there is therefore a strong argument that decisions about an individual’s housing and support should be based on other factors supported in current health and social care policy such as rights, inclusion, choice and control. (Edited publisher abstract)
Assessing psychosocial work-related stress across five European countries: implications for workforce development
- Authors:
- DENNY Margaret, WELLS John, CUNNINGHAM Jennifer
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Mental Health Training Education and Practice, 6(2), 2011, pp.93-103.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The European Union's social and employment policy emphasises that member states should develop workforce development policies that combat work-related stress. However there is little comparative information on the nature of psychosocial job strain and the experiences of staff working in the vocational rehabilitative sector in mental health and intellectual disabilities. This paper reports the findings of a small-scale study, using a cross-sectional job content questionnaire (JCQ) and focus groups, to explore psychosocial job stress among managers and support workers in five European countries. Findings from the JCQ showed that just under 20 percent of the sample exhibited symptoms of job stress. The focus groups identified the key stressors as: balancing work demands with time available to carry out tasks; poor communication within organisations; and feeling unsupported in one's work. As a result of this work, which is part of the Reducing Occupational Stress Employment Project (ROSE), it was found that there are no national or European data collected upon which to base effective interventions to combat occupational stress and no effective mechanisms in the workplace to deal with occupational stress for professionals working in this sector. Based on the findings, a web site was developed that provides information to managers, trainers, and support workers to manage personal and organisational stressors and raise awareness of the issue.
A five-country comparative review of accommodation support policies for older people with intellectual disability
- Author:
- BIGBY Christine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 7(1), March 2010, pp.3-15.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Most developed countries have social policies which consider people with intellectual disability as citizens with equal rights, which suggest they should share similar goals to a healthy and active older person in the general community, and an expectation of the necessary supports to achieve this. This article, comparing the development and implementation of accommodation support programmes for people aging with intellectual disabilities in five modern welfare states (Australia, Canada, Ireland, the UK, and the US), describes the limited development of policies in this area and suggests possible reasons why this is the case. A review of the literature on aging policies for people with intellectual disability was conducted, which suggested that despite consistent identification of similar broad policy issues and overarching goals, little progress has been made in the development of more specific policies or implementation strategies to address issues associated with accommodation support as people age. The author concludes that policy debates which have conceptualised the problem as ageing in place and the shared responsibility of the care and disability sectors may have detracted from either sector leading the development of formulating, implementing, and resourcing a strong policy framework.
The employment of people with disabilities in small and medium-sized enterprises
- Author:
- CARPENTER Morgan
- Publisher:
- European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions
- Publication year:
- 1998
- Pagination:
- 149p.,tables.
- Place of publication:
- Dublin
Comparative study, based on company case studies from six EU member states, of people with disabilities working in small and medium sized companies. Looks at: the legislative framework; employee characteristics; employer and workplace related characteristics; and mediating organisations. Concludes with sections on policy implications and recommendations.