Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 27
Residential provision for people with intellectual disabilities in England, Wales and Scotland
- Authors:
- EMERSON Eric, HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 11(1), 1998, pp.1-14.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Describes the nature and extent of residential provision for people with intellectual disabilities in 1991 in England, Scotland and Wales. Data from the OPCS Census suggest that: (1) substantial regional and national variation existed; (2) overall, the level of provision was significantly lower than Department of Health targets for 1991; (3) the majority of people with intellectual disabilities were living in relatively large-scale congregate care settings; (4) the majority of residents were younger and middle-aged adults; (5) young black men were significantly more likely to be placed in residential provision than their peers from other ethnic groups; (6) young Asian men, young Chinese/Other men and young Asian women were significantly less likely to be placed in residential provision than their peers from other ethnic groups; (7) rates of employment and marriage among residents were markedly lower than for the general population. The results are discussed in relation to national policy aims and existing and future demand for residential provision.
Day services and home care for adults with learning disabilities across the UK
- Author:
- HATTON Chris
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 22(2), 2017, pp.109-115.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This paper compares data from national social care statistics on day services and home care for people with learning disabilities across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Design/methodology/approach: National social care statistics (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland) reporting the number of adults with learning disabilities accessing day services and home care were reviewed, with data extracted on trends over time and rate of service use. Findings: Regarding day services, despite some variations in definitions, the number of adults with learning disabilities in England, Scotland and Wales (but not Northern Ireland) using building-based day services decreased over time. Data from Scotland also indicate that adults with learning disabilities are spending less time in building-based day services, with alternative day opportunities not wholly compensating for the reduction in building-based day services. Regarding home care, there are broadly similar rates of usage across the four parts of the UK, with the number of adults with learning disabilities using home care now staying static or decreasing. Social implications: Similar policy ambitions across the four parts of the UK have resulted (with the exception of Northern Ireland) in similar trends in access to day services and home care. (Edited publisher abstract)
The impact of known criminogenic factors on offenders with intellectual disability: previous findings and new results on ADHD
- Authors:
- LINDSAY William R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 26(1), 2013, pp.71-80.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
It is well established that child development factors are important in relation to the development of criminal behaviour. Research on developmental risk factors for offenders with intellectual disability has found similar trends. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder are developmental disorders known to be over-represented among criminal populations when compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which ADHD affects the presentation of offenders with intellectual disability. The data was drawn from the Northumbria/Cambridge/Abertay Pathways (NCAP) Project. Information related to index behaviour, history of problem behaviours, childhood adversity and psychiatric diagnoses was recorded in 477 adults who had been referred to forensic intellectual disability services. Comparisons were made between those with a previous diagnosis of ADHD and those without. The findings showed that the ADHD group had higher proportions of physical aggression, substance use, previous problems including aggression, sexual offences and property offences, birth problems and abuse in childhood. The article concludes that ADHD with conduct disorder is associated with a greater degree and history of problematic behaviour in offenders with intellectual disability.
Self-advocacy: where now?
- Author:
- DAVIES Ian
- Journal article citation:
- Learning Disability Today, December 2012, pp.24-26.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
This paper details findings from a Central England People First (CEPF) project into the state of self-advocacy today. CEPF has always had the philosophy that members run the organisation and paid staff are there to help, not lead. The research consisted of visits to eight self-advocacy organisations in England and Scotland in 2012, and was primarily concerned with how a management team can be run to make sure the members with learning disabilities remain in charge while being able to get quality advice when necessary. The best organisations used a board of trustees to oversee the staff. Managing paid staff was a crucial issue for self-advocacy organisations; this was an area where members really needed good support, and help from outside the organisation was vital.
Working age claimants with complex needs: qualitative study
- Author:
- DONALDSON Dan
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department for Work and Pensions
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 22p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This small-scale qualitative study of frontline Jobcentre Plus staff was commissioned to supplement the existing evidence base that the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) holds about working age claimants with complex needs. The study explored: how complex needs are defined by Jobcentre Plus staff, which claimants Jobcentre Plus staff consider to have complex needs and why, and areas for improvement to the service identified by staff. The fieldwork comprised six focus groups of Jobcentre Plus staff, conducted during July and August 2011. They took place in six areas across the Country (Greater Manchester; East London; Durham and Tees Valley; Glasgow, Lanarkshire and East Dunbartonshire; Thames Valley; and West Yorkshire). Findings from the research will be used to inform ongoing efforts to improve service delivery for working age claimants with complex needs by DWP Operations. The research will also add to the wider evidence base for working age claimants with complex needs to inform the implementation of Welfare Reform policies and future policy developments.
Prisoners' voices: experiences of the criminal justice system by prisoners with learning disabilities
- Author:
- TALBOT Jenny
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 15(3), July 2010, pp.33-41.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This article is based on a UK-wide programme of work run by the Prison Reform Trust entitled No One Knows and, in particular, on interviews with prisoners conducted as part of the No One Knows programme. No One Knows aims to effect change by exploring and publicising the experiences of people with learning disabilities and learning difficulties who come into contact with the police and who subsequently enter the criminal justice system and the effect that their impairments have on their ability to cope with the criminal justice process. The research was undertaken in 2007 and involved 173 interviews in 14 prisons; 10 of which were in England and Wales and 4 in Scotland. Of these interviews 154 were conducted with prisoners identified by staff as having learning disabilities or difficulties, and 19 were conducted with comparison prisoners without learning disabilities or difficulties. Prisoners were asked about their experiences of the criminal justice system, including at the police station, in court and in prison, and about their aspirations for the future. The findings demonstrate the difficulties that the prisoners have with: reading and writing; understanding and being understood; prison rules and discipline; being scared and bullied; support with daily living; and depression and anxiety. The article concludes that, once in the criminal justice system, people with learning disabilities and difficulties struggle to cope. At worst this can affect their right to a fair hearing in court and, if they are sentenced to custody, may mean longer in prison.
A place in society: the importance of planning for life for people with autistic spectrum disorders
- Author:
- NATIONAL AUTISTIC SOCIETY
- Publisher:
- National Autistic Society
- Publication year:
- 2004
- Pagination:
- 10p.
- Place of publication:
- London
In order to highlight the lifelong difficulties experienced by people with autism spectrum disorders and those who care for them, the National Autistic Society chose the theme of 'planning for life' for Autism Awareness Week 2004. This report brings together evidence on current outcomes for people with autism spectrum disorders, covering diagnosis, school exclusions, living at home, employment, people with learning disabilities and the criminal justice system, advocacy and carers. It includes examples from people who have experienced significant difficulties in their everyday lives that could have been avoided with effective multi-agency planning. It discusses policy developments, including transition planning and personal life plans, and sets out recommendations regarding young people, adult services, and general issues.
Growing confidence
- Author:
- HOGG Hilary
- Journal article citation:
- Learning Disability Today, 10(5), June 2010, pp.30-31.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Border Links is a social enterprise limited company designed to promote social inclusion by enabling adults with learning disabilities to contribute to the community while developing skills as part of a trading enterprise. It was set up in January 2006 with small grants from DEFRA and the Leader Gold Fund. Initially a community club with just two members there are now 36 adults involved at four clubs; three in Northumberland and one in Scotland. The vegetable basket scheme is a key part of the day service programme and delivers fresh produce to around 70 homes near the Northumberland sites. Group members are involved in all aspects of the project from selecting, ordering and weighing to packing and delivering the produce. The benefits and skill development for clients and advantages for the wider community are discussed. Border Links is self-sustaining, clients are referred by care managers, schools, Connexions and other agencies and funding comes from local authorities and direct or personal payments. The organisers believe what makes them special is that they work with clients within a local and small groups context.
Caring for mentally disabled people in Scotland
- Author:
- TITTERTON M.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Policy and Administration, 25(2), June 1991, pp.136-148.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Describes differences in policy and practice from the situation in England and Wales in caring for the young mentally disabled.
Learning from each other in the context of personalisation and self-build social care
- Authors:
- NIND Melanie, COVERDALE Andy, CROYDON Abigail
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 36(10), 2021, pp.1553-1573.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
UK policy for adults with intellectual disabilities no longer supports state-provided building-based day care but promotes personalised care and support under individuals’ control with choice of community-based opportunities. The research explored experiences of this new terrain and the informal learning involved. An initial scoping review was followed by interviews with key service providers in one urban and one rural area in England and one of each in Scotland. Next, ethnographic fieldwork with people with intellectual disabilities involved a flexible mix of observations, interviews, focus groups, and participant-generated visual data. Thematic analysis involved an iterative mix of deductive and inductive coding. Findings showed informal peer learning ranged from ad hoc to structurally supported. Though learning was often tacit, support was valued and agency developed. The availability of local supportive people and schemes and time spent in them to develop new skills and identities was vital to people self-building community lives. (Edited publisher abstract)