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Cross-cultural measurement of critical quality of life concepts
- Authors:
- KEITH Kenneth D., HEAL Laird W., SCHALOCK Robert L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 21(4), December 1996, pp.273-293.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
A semantic differential technique was used to assess the meaning of 10 quality of life (QOL) concepts across seven cultures: Australia, England, Finland, Germany, Japan, Republic of China, and the United States. Each concept was rated on nine pairs of adjectives representing three dimensions (value, potency, or activity). Across the 7 countries all 10 of the QOL concepts received strong positive ratings on the value dimension, and lower positive ratings on the potency and activity dimensions. Japan, however, was an exception to the general pattern with Japanese raters assigning negative ratings for value and activity and positive ratings for potency. The results are discussed in relation to the differences between individualistic and collective cultures.
Written out of history: invisible women in intellectual disability social work
- Authors:
- BIGBY Christine, ATKINSON Dorothy
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 63(1), March 2010, pp.4-17.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The area of intellectual disability is an important field of social work practice in both Britain and Australia. Yet this is also a multidisciplinary field in which the role of social workers, particularly women, in contributing to the lives of people with intellectual disability and their families has largely gone unnoticed. Focusing on England and Victoria, Australia in particular, this paper uses oral history interviews with 3 long-standing social workers, and documentary evidence including government reports and newspaper coverage, to explore the similarity in the roles of social workers in intellectual disability. It covers the period between the beginning of social work in this field, which in the case of England was 1929 and in Victoria 1952, until the end of the 1990s. Work with families is identified as being central in both countries, as well as mediating relationship between institutions and services, families, and the community, and service development and advocacy. The paper concludes by asking questions about the disappearance of identified social work positions in this field and how their previous roles are fulfilled.
A human rights perspective on reducing restrictive practices in intellectual disability and autism
- Editor:
- KARIM Sam
- Publisher:
- BILD
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Place of publication:
- Birmingham
This book explores the importance of human rights legislation and ethical decision making on reducing the use of restrictive practices when supporting people with an intellectual disability and people with autism. It provides examples of how legislation, case law and guidance have been used in the countries of England, Wales, Australia and North America to uphold people’s rights and challenge abusive practices. Chapters include: legal reflections on the human rights of restraint reduction; the importance of safeguarding rights and the role of legislation: the Australian perspective; ethical principles and good practice in reducing restrictive practices; replacing restraint: good practices in North American human service programmes for persons with intellectual disabilities and autism; and good practices in Australia in the use of restraint reduction practices for people with intellectual disabilities and autism. (Edited publisher abstract)