Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Conceptualizing inclusive research with people with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- BIGBY Christine, FRAWLEY Patsie, RAMCHARAN Paul
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 27(1), 2013, pp.3-12.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A comprehensive review of the peer reviewed literature and key texts was undertaken to more clearly conceptualize inclusive research with people with intellectual disability and identify the issues associated with ways of approaching it. Three approaches to inclusive research were identified: advisory, leading and controlling, and collaborative group. Using the literature and the authors' own experience, each approach is illustrated and discussed. A clearer conceptual framework is developed to guide researchers and administrators as they consider inclusive research and its feasibility to particular research questions. A strong self-advocacy movement is identified as one of the conditions necessary for inclusive research to flourish. (Edited publisher abstract)
Diabetes and people with learning disabilities: living in parallel worlds
- Authors:
- LLOYD Cathy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Learning Disability Today, 13(2), March/April 2013, pp.22-24.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Drawing from a review of published research, this article examines what is known about diabetes and people with learning disabilities. The original review was originally commissioned by the Open University's Faculty of Health and Social Care and carried out by Jan Walmsley Associates Ltd and Celia Davies during 2012. The article discusses the prevalence of diabetes; the importance of improved education for the self-care and self-management of diabetes (including the role of initiatives such as DESMOND and the Expert Patients Programme); and the availability of health promotion resources for people with learning disabilities. The article highlights the need for more research on diabetes and learning disabilities. (Original abstract)
Inpatient assessment of young people with developmental disabilities who offend
- Author:
- GRALTON Ernest
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(2), 2013, pp.108-116.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
A clinician working provides a brief overview of the needs of young people with developmental disabilities in a secure forensic service setting. The requirements for inpatient assessment and treatment are also discussed. The author highlights the complex nature of this population who are often referred relatively late to inpatient services, often after recurrent failings in residential services where mental disorders are commonly unrecognised. Comprehensive multidisciplinary assessment and treatment are required for this group. This paper will be useful to a range of professionals dealing with adolescents with developmental disabilities who are engaging in offending and other high risk behaviours. (Edited publisher abstract)
Attachment, intellectual disabilities and mental health: research, assessment and intervention
- Authors:
- SCHUENGEL Carlo, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 26(1), 2013, pp.34-46.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Research and practice have recently started to explore the value of attachment theory for understanding and alleviating the challenges that persons with intellectual disabilities face in mental health and social participation. The purpose of this paper is to review the current state of the art on attachment and intellectual disabilities, looking at possible clinical implications for assessment, prevention, intervention and education. The findings are discussed under the following concepts: attachment behaviours; attachment relationships; attachment bonds; attachment representations; attachment styles; and attachment disorders. Of these various attachment-related concepts, insights into attachment behaviours and relationships show the most promise for practical applications in the field of intellectual disabilities. Findings on representations, styles and disorders are inconclusive or preliminary. The paper concludes that attachment-informed research and practice can be part of emerging developmental understanding of functioning with intellectual disabilities.
The changing face of the ‘good mother’: trends in research into families with a child with intellectual disability, and some concerns
- Author:
- KNIGHT Kathryn
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 28(5), 2013, pp.660-673.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article reviews changing perspectives in recent social science research into families of children with intellectual disability. These latest trends emphasise family resilience, adaptation, and transformation, with the focus predominantly on mothers and their ability to psychologically adjust to their caring challenges. A concern is that by concentrating on the adaptive strategies of mothers, researchers risk minimising the socio-political dimensions of this experience. The theme of the ‘good mother’ figures strongly in this research, linked to the limiting socio-cultural narratives available to mothers of children with intellectual disability that, it is argued, may condone their continuing marginalisation. (Publisher abstract)
A comparison of different models to meet the mental health needs of adults with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- SHEEHAN Rory, PASCHOS Dimitrios
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(3), 2013, pp.161-168.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This paper aims to review the current knowledge on different ways of structuring psychiatric services to meet the needs of people with intellectual disability and co-morbid mental illness. It summarises the current debate and presents evidence from original research and opinion from clinical experience. It briefly at a number of different models, including: community care, community intellectual disability services, mainstream services, teritary' specialist services, in-patient care, generic vs specialist wards, specialist in-patient beds on general psychiatric wards, and emergency psychiatric services. The authors find a lack of robust research evidence to support any particular model of service provision. However, it seems to be increasingly accepted that purely generic models of care for people with intellectual disabilities and co-morbid mental illness are not appropriate. Integration of the expertise from specialist services within mainstream services is presented as potentially the most advantageous approach. (Edited publisher abstract)
The role of ‘natural supports’ in promoting independent living for people with disabilities; a review of existing literature
- Authors:
- DUGGAN Carmel, LINEHAN Christine
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 41(3), 2013, pp.199-207.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This literature review identifies available evidence on the role of natural supports in promoting independent living for people with disabilities. A search of peer-reviewed literature identified 30 core papers and 16 contextual papers which addressed issues relating to natural supports and their role in facilitating independent living. The papers reveal that the evidence base is limited and focuses heavily on the social networks of people with intellectual disabilities, which typically comprise family, other people with disabilities using services and staff members. People with disabilities themselves call for greater support in establishing and maintaining social relationships in the community. Some initiatives such as peer-based support and befriending schemes are reviewed, mindful that few have been formally evaluated. The issue for policy makers is whether, following decades of deinstitutionalisation, efforts to physically locate people with disabilities within their local communities have come at the price of social inclusion. (Edited publisher abstract)
Quality of life and living arrangements for people with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- BERTELLI Marco, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(4), 2013, pp.220-231.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Recent international experiences of community inclusion have produced a major change in residential care for people with intellectual disability (ID). Assignment and outcome assessment through new person-centred measures are raising increasing interest; however, the information on quality of life and accommodation is still limited. This paper aims to provide an overview of the application of quality of life models and the size of the provision of different living arrangements using a systematic mapping of the literature of the last decade and expert guided review of the available evidence. Quality of life (QoL) outcomes measures of living arrangements in people with ID show conceptual and methodological challenges. The following key topics were identified: individual level: issues related to health status, behavioural problems and other personal factors (ageing, choice and empowerment); family and peers; local level: accommodation, architecture and urbanization, and economic aspects (deprivation and costs); macro level: social participation (community inclusion). The residential solutions that are currently considered of highest efficiency are small apartments in the community and “cluster centers”. (Edited publisher abstract)
Interventions for young people with intellectual disabilities who commit arson
- Authors:
- TRANAH Troy, NICHOLAS Jennifer
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 7(2), 2013, pp.72-81.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The aim of this paper is to reviews the current literature on working with young people with intellectual disabilities who commit arson. Searches were completed using the ScienceDirect, Medline and PsycINFO databases in March 2012. All papers containing the terms “firesetting” or “fire-setting” or “arson” and “child” or “juvenile” or “adolescent” and “intellectual disability” or “learning disability” or “learning difficulties” in the title or abstract were identified. Fifty four appropriate papers were identified. A review of assessment methods and interventions involving young people with intellectual disabilities who start fires was completed. It explores the trends across the population of firesetters as a whole and also compares how treatment implications may differ for young people with and without an intellectual disability. The paper outlines the core risk factors to be investigated within an assessment of a young firesetter with intellectual disabilities. In terms of treatment, the best current approach appears to be a combination of education and cognitive behavioural approaches including social skills training. Other treatment modalities, e.g. joint interventions provided by fire services and mental health services, are also discussed. Given the lack of available literature on young firesetters with intellectual disabilities it is hoped that this paper will be useful in guiding clinicians working in this area and also prompt future research regarding treatment with this client group. (Edited publisher abstract)
Future need of ageing people with an intellectual disability in the Republic of Ireland: lessons learned from the literature
- Authors:
- DOODY Catriona M., MARKEY Kathleen, DOODY Owen
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 41(1), 2013, pp.13-21.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article synthesises current literature regarding ageing and service provision for people with an intellectual disability. It presents the context of intellectual disability in Ireland and ageing for people with intellectual disability in relation to increased longevity and service provision. Searches were conducted through electronic databases (EBSCO and CINAHL) retrieving literature published between 1980 and 2010. Computerised searches using the terms, ‘old age, aged, ageing, ageing, mortality, morbidity’, were used in conjunction with the terms ‘intellectual disability, mental handicap and mental retardation’. The review found that Ireland has and is seeing a dramatic change in the age profile of clients and the support services they require. While Ireland had specifically trained nurses in intellectual disability, they predominately work in residential settings. This can be seen as been at odds with the philosophy of supporting people with intellectual disability live at home with their family and the primary care system. As the ageing population is rising, intellectual disability services need to proactively develop and respond to this changing age profile by reviewing and adjusting the way in which they deliver services, not only in terms of how services develop and respond to a changing age profile but also in terms of collaborative working across all health services. (Edited publisher abstract)