Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Are people with an intellectual disability at increased risk of attachment difficulties? A critical review
- Authors:
- HAMADI Layla, FLETCHER Helen K.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 25(1), 2021, pp.114-130.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Attachment difficulties are associated with a range of adverse outcomes in mental health, and people with intellectual disabilities (IDs) may be at greater risk of experiencing difficulties in their attachment relationships. This review critically evaluated recent research measuring the prevalence of attachment difficulties in people with ID. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, and a higher prevalence of insecure and disorganized attachment classifications, and symptoms of attachment disorder, was found across a number of subgroups of people with diagnoses of ID. However, the validity and reliability of measures of attachment have not been empirically established in this population, and control groups were not always appropriate. These findings indicate the need to (1) develop reliable and standardized assessments of attachment for people with ID and (2) evaluate the efficacy of attachment-based interventions in relation to reducing psychological distress, mental health problems and expression of behaviours experienced by others as challenging. (Edited publisher abstract)
Psychotherapy with persons with intellectual disabilities: a review of effectiveness research
- Authors:
- PROUT H. Thompson, BROWNING Brooke K.
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 5(5), 2011, pp.53-59.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This review aims to provide an update on the effectiveness of psychotherapy with persons with intellectual disabilities. It summarises the conclusions of other reviews published in the last ten years, including a recent review by the authors. There is evidence that psychotherapy with persons with intellectual disabilities is at least moderately effective. There is also evidence of effectiveness of psychotherapy across child and adolescent and adult age groups. A range of therapeutic interventions are effective and a spectrum of problems can be addressed via psychotherapy. However the authors found relatively little relevant research literature and noted a lack of methodologically sound and rigorous studies. They suggest there is a need for well-designed studies, particularly randomised controlled trials, better specification of treatments (e.g. manualised), better outcome measures, and clearer specification of diagnostic categories within the intellectual disability population.
The content of available practice literature in dementia and intellectual disability
- Author:
- JOKINEN Nancy
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 4(3), August 2005, pp.327-339.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Adults with intellectual disability are living to ages seen within the general population and they, too, are at risk of developing dementia. This review identifies the nature and content of the literature related to adults with intellectual disability and dementia and bring together guidelines for services and staff providing care. The preponderance of work between 1995 and 2004 focuses on the biomedical, diagnosis and assessment aspects of the disease. Although guidelines exist, there is a lack of published literature on the efficacy of practice strategies to guide the provision of daily care. Future research is discussed that could support continued community living and high quality of life during all stages of the disease.
A guide to information sources in mental handicap
- Author:
- BEL-PAJOOH Ahmad
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 3(1), 1990, pp.89-94.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
A brief guide to information sources - periodicals, bibliographies and reference books, abstracts, indexes, dictionaries and general texts.
"Lost in the literature." People with intellectual disabilities who identify as trans: a narrative review
- Authors:
- KEATES Nathan, DEWAR Eleanor, WALDOCK Krysia Emily
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 27(1), 2022, pp.46-52.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This narrative review aims to examine how trans people with intellectual disabilities are perceived and discussed in the academic literature. Design/methodology/approach: A narrative review was carried out to better understand the positioning of people with intellectual disabilities who identify as trans. Findings: There was a lack of clear terminology, an over medicalization of both people with intellectual disabilities and trans people and evidence that identifying with a non-conforming gender identity was seen as a problem by services. Services need to be better informed about issues around gender identity so that they are able to better support trans people with intellectual disabilities. Originality/value: To the best of the authors' knowledge, no previous literature review has focused only on trans people with intellectual disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Trauma experiences of people with an intellectual disability and their implications: a scoping review
- Authors:
- McNALLY Paddy, TAGGART Laurence, SHEVLIN Mark
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(4), 2021, pp.927-949.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: People with an intellectual disability are more vulnerable to psychological trauma compared with the general population. The aim of this scoping review was to identify the current status of the literature on trauma that is specific to the experiences of adults with an intellectual disability, living in community settings. Methods: A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley (International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 2005, 8, 19) framework. Forty-one international papers were reviewed spanning 2000–2020, and their quality assessed using the MMAT. Findings: (1) Aggressive behaviours can be symptoms of trauma, (2) there are appropriate assessment tools for the impact of trauma, (3) evidence-based interventions for trauma may be effective, and (4) factors associated with disability can be experienced as traumatic. Conclusion: There is a growing body of literature highlighting assessment needs and potential interventions for people with an intellectual disability who have experienced psychological trauma. Further research is needed to develop trauma-informed pathways. (Edited publisher abstract)
United States Medicaid home and community‐based services for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities: a scoping review
- Authors:
- McLEAN Kiley J., HOEKSTRA Allison M., BISHOP Lauren
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(3), 2021, pp.684-694.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Emerging research tests the impact of United States Medicaid home and community‐based (HCBS) waiver policy on outcomes for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities; however, this body of work has yet to be synthesized. We conducted a scoping review to establish what is known about the impact of Medicaid HCBS policy on the lives of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Seven studies met final inclusion criteria. Their findings contribute to preliminary evidence that Medicaid HCBS waivers provide economic benefit at the state and federal level, reduce unmet healthcare needs, increase the likelihood that parents will be able to continue working, and reduce racial disparities in access to care. Additional work should compare HCBS waiver programmes, and their causal pathways, as well as draw international comparisons to similar programming, to determine essential infrastructure needed for a successful HCBS programme. (Edited publisher abstract)
Factors influencing access to early intervention for families of children with developmental disabilities: a narrative review
- Authors:
- SAPIETS Suzi J., TOTSIKA Vasiliki, HASTINGS Richard P.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(3), 2021, pp.695-711.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Early intervention (EI) can improve a range of outcomes for families of children with developmental disabilities. However, research indicates the level of access does not always match the level of need. To address disparities, it is essential to identify factors influencing access. Method: We propose a framework where access to EI is conceptualised as a process that includes three main phases. A narrative review examined potential barriers, facilitators and modifiers of access for each phase. Results: The process of access to EI includes the following: 1) recognition of need, 2) identification or diagnosis and 3) EI provision or receipt. Several factors affecting access to EI for each phase were identified, related to the family, services, the intersection between family and services, and the context. Conclusion: A broad range of factors appear to influence the process of access to EI for this population. Our framework can be used in future research investigating access. Broad implications for policy, practice and future research to improve access to EI are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Are narrative therapy groups effective for people with intellectual disabilities? A critical review of the literature
- Author:
- MCKENZIE-SMITH Laura
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 25(4), 2020, pp.213-222.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Narrative therapy has been suggested as particularly relevant to people with intellectual disability (ID), with group formats potentially offering additional benefits. This paper aims to critically review studies which evaluated narrative group interventions for people with ID. Design/methodology/approach: The seven papers identified for review were critically appraised for their quality using a quality appraisal tool appropriate to their design, along with additional factors including adaptations made to improve accessibility. Findings: The studies suggest that there may be some small benefits of narrative group therapy for those with ID. However, alongside issues limiting the studies’ evaluations, it is noted that the research paradigms used in the studies conflict with narrative approaches. Research limitations/implications: The limited evidence base suggests the need for further research. The randomised controlled trial would ordinarily be seen as the gold standard for such research. However, narrative interventions may require a different approach to evaluation. Originality/value: This is the first review of published literature on the evaluation of narrative therapy groups for people with ID. (Edited publisher abstract)
Risk of forced marriage among people with learning disabilities: carers provide insights into consent, care needs and the place of marriage in South Asian communities
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH RESEARCH
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health Research
- Publication year:
- 2021
- Place of publication:
- London
Summarises findings from a study looking into forced marriage among people with learning disabilities, focusing on the perspective of families and carers in South Asian communities, including people of Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi heritage. The study interviewed 22 parents and family carers of adults with learning disabilities in South Asian communities. Four themes emerged from the interviews: views on learning disabilities within South Asian communities – most carers experienced a lack of acceptance for their disabled son or daughter even within their own extended families; cultural and religious views on disability and marriage – marriage is held in high esteem in South Asian communities and some participants (not all) believed that the severity of a disability could be lessened by marriage; families had limited understanding of the law on forced marriage and often did not realise that they were breaking it; some parents viewed marriage as a solution to the future care needs of their loved one as they themselves got older. This research raises awareness of issues surrounding forced marriage involving people with learning disabilities. It aims to help professionals, parents and carers recognise and prevent it. The study has already produced supportive resources and guidelines for these groups. (Edited publisher abstract)