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Enhancing the emotion recognition skills of individuals with learning disabilities: a review of the literature
- Authors:
- WOOD Pamela Margaret, KROESE Biza Stenfert
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20(6), November 2007, pp.576-579.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
It has been repeatedly demonstrated that individuals with intellectual disabilities experience significant difficulties in recognizing facial expressions of emotion. The aim of this review was to address whether such skills can be enhanced amongst individuals with intellectual disabilities. The PsychInfo database on Dialog DataStar (1972–2006) was searched for all published journal articles investigating whether emotion recognition skills can be enhanced amongst individuals with intellectual disabilities. Four relevant articles were identified. Training in emotion recognition skills resulted in improvements in all four studies, with one study maintaining improvements at 8-month follow-up. The four published studies identified that emotion recognition skills can be enhanced and maintained over time. Despite claims in the literature that training in emotion recognition skills will enhance the social skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities, none of the studies considered the impact of training upon everyday functioning, leaving the ultimate efficacy of such training open to question.
Service users' views of physical restraint procedures in secure settings for people with learning disabilities
- Authors:
- JONES Peter, KROESE Biza Stenfert
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 35(1), March 2007, pp.50-54.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The appropriateness and justification of physical restraint procedures in secure learning disability settings is an emotive issue. This paper examines the views of 10 service users from secure residential facilities who are restrained frequently. Using a semi-structured interview schedule, Service users were interviewed about their restraint experiences. They reported that restraint can lead to potentially abusive situations and that staff should try other approaches before restraining someone. They were divided on whether it calmed them down and whether staff enjoyed performing restraint. Other comments included that restraint may or may not serve a purposeful goal and that there is a definite need for staff training for those involved in performing restraint.
Psychological factors associated with obtaining employment
- Authors:
- HENSEL Elizabeth, KROESE Biza Stenfert, ROSE John
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 20(2), March 2007, pp.175-181.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Less than 10% of people with intellectual disabilities are employed. The aim of the present study was to investigate what psychological factors might predict employment outcome for people with intellectual disability who had received a placement in a supported employment service. Sixty people were interviewed whilst they were in the supported employment preparation agency and where possible 3 and 9 months after leaving. The structured interview included a number of psychological measures. Those who subsequently gained employment were compared with those who did not. Those who gained employment were significantly more motivated by status aspiration, and judged themselves significantly less happy than those who did not gain employment, at the first interview. It is possible that people who are more dissatisfied with their life might be more motivated to change their circumstances. Supported employment agencies might consider using a measure of motivation as an entry criterion or as a way of identifying who needs help with developing motivation.