Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Weight status of persons with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- MAASKANT Marian A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 22(5), September 2009, pp.426-432.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The weight and weight status of a group of people with learning disabilities in the Netherlands were studied in 2002 and 2007, to examine the differences in weight and weight status between 2002 and 2007 and the risk groups for (becoming) overweight/obese. The mean increase in Body Mass Index (BMI) between 2002 and 2007 was 0.8 (2.2 kg). In 2002, 36% of the study group was overweight/obese; this was higher in 2007: 45%. The expected relationship between increase in BMI and the change in living circumstances could not be confirmed. Further research into health-control programmes, weight status, food-intake and physical exercise is recommended.
Architects of reform
- Author:
- KAEHNE Axel
- Journal article citation:
- Learning Disability Today, 9(5), July 2009, pp.34-36.
- Publisher:
- Pavilion
- Place of publication:
- Hove
Highlights the key themes from a series of research papers delivered at a round table summit involving academics and practitioners from the US, UK, Netherlands, Germany and Australia looking at what really improves lives for people with learning disabilities.
Mixed impressions
- Author:
- WARD Linda
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 7.5.92, 1992, pp.22-23.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
Looks at the provision of village communities for people with learning difficulties in the Netherlands.
Shadowing as a qualitative research method for intellectual disability research: opportunities and challenges
- Authors:
- VAN DER WEELE Simon, BREDEWOLD Femmianne
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 46(4), 2021, pp.340-350.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: While qualitative research on intellectual disability is on the rise, researchers have frequently reported that their methods bring methodological and ethical challenges. The authors advance shadowing as an alternative method to respond to these concerns. Method: The authors draw on their experiences with shadowing on the basis of two separate studies respectively, involving 28 and 17 people with intellectual disabilities. Results: Four distinct advantages of shadowing are presented: it is flexible, gives unique insight in daily life experiences, can aid in giving “voice” to people with intellectual disabilities, and can aid in the pursuit of inclusive research. Three challenges of shadowing research were also identified, relating to ethical approval, privacy and role confusion. Conclusions: Shadowing is a promising method for intellectual disability research, as it allows researchers to garner data virtually inaccessible with other methods. It is particularly useful for research questions about everyday life and interpersonal relationships. (Edited publisher abstract)
Flexible assertive community treatment for individuals with mild intellectual disability or borderline intellectual functioning: client variables associated with treatment outcome
- Authors:
- NEIJMEIJER Laura, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 14(6), 2020, pp.199-212.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Recent research on flexible assertive community treatment (FACT) for individuals with mild intellectual disabilities (MID) or borderline intellectual functioning (BIF) has shown positive results. This paper aims to identify which client variables are associated with treatment outcome of FACT. Design/methodology/approach: Analyses were performed on assessments made during a six-year longitudinal study in The Netherlands. Data comprised assessments of 281 clients with at least 2 measurements. Treatment outcome was measured by the learning disability version of the Health of the Nation Outcomes Scales. Demographic variables and dynamic risk variables of the short version of the Dynamic Risk Outcome Scales were selected as potential predictor variables of outcome. Data were analysed using linear mixed models. Findings: Limited awareness of the need for treatment, limited treatment motivation and cooperation, limited social skills, impulsivity and substance abuse were significantly associated with worse treatment outcome. None of the demographic variables influenced treatment outcome significantly, and neither did intelligence quotient or having a judicial or civil measure. Research limitations/implications: Because of the observational design, no causal inferences can be drawn. Practical implications: This study produces guidelines regarding nature and scope of the treatment supply and the competences of professionals working in FACT MID/BIF teams. Originality/value: This paper encourages other countries to make assertive outreach available for people with MID/BIF on a larger scale, taking into account the acquired insights. (Edited publisher abstract)
Modification of motivational interviewing for use with people with mild intellectual disability and challenging behaviour
- Authors:
- FRIELINK Noud, EMBREGTS Petri
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 38(4), 2013, pp.279-291.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: Motivational interviewing is a promising method to increase treatment motivation for people with mild intellectual disability and challenging behaviour. The purpose of the present study was to identify how professionals could adapt motivational interviewing techniques for use with clients. Method: The authors conducted semistructured qualitative interviews and focus groups with 26 clients, parents, and professionals. A general inductive approach led to the identification of multiple core themes. Results: The authors recommend several modifications to accommodate motivational interviewing for use with clients: adapt to language level, adjust to cognitive abilities, and control for social desirability of responding. In addition, certain characteristics of professionals were also found to be critical for effective motivational interviewing: trustworthiness, engagement, acceptance, empathy, and honesty. Conclusions: Concrete recommendations for the adaptation of the motivational interviewing techniques for use with people with mild intellectual disability and challenging behaviour are identified. Certain characteristics of professionals are also critical for maximising the treatment motivation of clients. (Publisher abstract)
Development and preliminary validation of the QUALITRA-ID-P: a user-orientated questionnaire for parents and relatives to assess the quality of care and service trajectories for intellectually disabled persons
- Authors:
- BARELDS Anna, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 24(5), September 2011, pp.468-481.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Care and service trajectories for people with intellectual disabilities are routes within the health care delivery system that consist of all the steps that the individual and their families have to take in order to achieve their required care and services. The aim of this article is to describe the development and the preliminary validation of a user-orientated questionnaire for parents or relatives of people with intellectual disability (QUALITRA-ID-P) to assess the quality of care and service trajectories of their children or relatives with intellectual disability. The article starts by presenting the conceptualisation and operationalisation of quality of care and service trajectories. It then describes how the QUALITRA-ID-P was constructed using the findings identified in the conceptualisation and operationalisation stages. The QUALITRA-ID-P was refined in 2 stages: examination of feasibility, understandability and completeness; and preliminary validation. The final QUALITRA-ID-P is a 49-item scale with good reliability and validity. Care providers can use the QUALITRA-ID-P to understand better the experiences of quality of their clients’ relatives and as a result improve the quality of trajectories.
The views of clients with mild intellectual disabilities regarding their working relationships with caregivers
- Authors:
- ROEDEN John M., MAASKANT Marian A., CURFS Leopard M.G.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 24(5), September 2011, pp.398-406.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
A good relationship between the client and his caregiver is a key factor in a positive treatment outcome, with research indicating that the client’s opinion about the quality of the working alliance is a stronger predictor of treatment outcome than the opinion of the professional. Many treatment programmes, including solution focused brief therapy (SFBT), strive to encourage a positive client-caregiver relationship. The aim of this study is to gain insight into what clients with intellectual disabilities feel contributes to a successful working relationship with caregivers. The study participants were 18 clients of an organisation providing support to people with intellectual disabilities. Data was collected using the nominal group technique (NGT), which was modified for use with people with intellectual disabilities. The project demonstrates that the NGT is a valuable instrument in bringing to the fore of the opinions and priorities of clients with intellectual disabilities. The findings revealed that the way in which caregivers deliver their support is important. The specific qualities that are valued are reliability, empathy, and a non-patronising attitude. The particular types of support seem to be less influential in terms of treatment success. Furthermore, the results show that the clients’ preferred ways of receiving help correspond with the basic assumptions in SFBT.
Solution-focused brief therapy with persons with intellectual disabilities
- Authors:
- ROEDEN John M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 6(4), December 2009, pp.253-259.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Solution-Focused Brief Therapy (SFBT) is a short-term, goal-focused, and client-directed therapeutic approach that helps the client to generate solutions rather than dwell on problems. SFBT has rarely been used with clients with intellectual disabilities (ID). The authors discuss how this relatively new form of therapy in an adapted form can be made suitable for clients with ID. The assumptions of this therapeutic approach, the types of problems and settings addressed by SFBT and a description of the interventions used are considered. Indications and contraindications for SFBT and empirical data on the effectiveness of the therapy are discussed with regard to clients with or without ID. Tailoring SFBT to clients with ID can be done by using simple language, modified interventions and inserting other adaptations into the therapy process. Research is needed to demonstrate whether SFBT if effective with this target group can and to what extent it is valued by clients and their carers.
Care and service trajectories for people with intellectual disabilities: defining its course and quality determinants from the client's perspective
- Author:
- BARELDS Anna
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 6(3), September 2009, pp.163-172.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Care and service trajectories are identifiable routes through service systems that consist of all steps that people with intellectual disabilities (ID) and their families have to take to realize the care and services they need. Trajectories are especially prominent during the transitions from children's services to adult services. Within a service system in Noord-Brabant (in the Netherlands), the authors examined the course of such trajectories and their main bottlenecks and sought to identify their quality determinants. The first research question was addressed by an exercise in document analysis and the holding of semistructured interviews with key informants within the healthcare sector specialized for serving people with ID. A second research question was addressed by means of a literature review on integrated care. The authors observe that trajectories generally follow a "model route" consisting of five phases but may vary according to age category, degree of disability, and life domain. With respect to "bottlenecks," the authors noted that a lack of suitable supply and long waiting lists are good examples. They found that the literature on integrated care revealed that continuity, accessibility, availability, and flexibility of care and services, together with the seamlessness of transitions, are all important quality determinants for people with ID when judging their service trajectories. Bottlenecks and quality determinants of trajectories are strongly interrelated. The authors concluded that the literature and the key informants agree as to which factors are most important in realizing high-quality trajectories for individual clients. They recommend asking which criteria people with ID and their families value most when judging the quality of trajectories.