Search results for ‘Subject term:"learning disabilities"’ Sort:
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Medication management in intellectual disability settings: a systematic review
- Authors:
- SHEERIN Fintan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 25(2), 2021, pp.242-276.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
There is a high level of medication usage among people with intellectual disability due to the presence of significant morbidity and co-morbidities. This review sought to explore medication management and administration in intellectual disability settings, identifying frameworks for practice, analysing whether collaborative practice led to better outcomes, identifying key processes associated with practice, locating tools to support practice and describing metrics for outcome measurement. A systematic review was conducted with analysis of 64 sources which remained following screening and appraisal. Limited evidence was identified with some insight into the processes underpinning medication management and administration. No assessment tools were found, but two potential outcome measures, adherence and errors, were noted. The paucity of guidelines and frameworks is concerning as this is a complex area of practice. There is a need for further practice development and research to be undertaken that takes note of the unique issues that can present in intellectual disability settings. (Edited publisher abstract)
A systematic review of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with people with intellectual disabilities: an unsafe gap in the literature
- Authors:
- CROMPTON Chloe, DUNCAN Bethany, SIMPSON-ADKINS Graham
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 15(5), 2021, pp.158-170.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: This paper aims to systematically review the available evidence that explores adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) in people with intellectual disabilities (PwID). It is important to systematically review this literature as, to date, there is little known about the number of studies in this area, despite the World Health Organization declaring ACE prevention and support as a global public health priority. Design/methodology/approach: Published studies were identified from electronic database searches. Key journals and reference lists were also hand searched. Findings: Two studies met the inclusion criteria and the prevalence and frequency of ACEs experienced by participants of these studies analysed. Overall, due to the small number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria, it is difficult to establish any meaningful conclusions. Originality/value: This appears to be the first systematic review to try and identify a research base looking at the prevalence of ACEs within a PwID population. Findings suggest that this is a highly neglected area of research, and the authors hope to have identified that further evidence is required to draw clearer conclusions about the impact of ACEs on PwID. (Edited publisher abstract)
Belonging and reciprocity amongst people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic methodological review
- Authors:
- FULTON Lauren, KINNEAR Deborah, JAHODA Andrew
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(4), 2021, pp.1008-1025.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Social inclusion has been explored using a wide range of theories and methods. Belonging and reciprocity have been identified as key components of social inclusion. This systematic methodological review identifies and evaluates the theoretical frameworks and qualitative approaches adopted to explore belonging and reciprocity in the lives of adults with intellectual disabilities. Method: A systematic search was conducted across ten databases. Screening and quality appraisal were carried out independently by two researchers, and data were extracted to provide detailed accounts of the theories and methods employed. Results: Seventeen papers met inclusion criteria. Clear conceptualisations of belonging and reciprocity were lacking, and these concepts were rarely the focus of the research. Theoretical and methodological shortcomings across this literature were identified and discussed. Conclusions: More nuanced conceptualisations of belonging and reciprocity may be helpful in future research, to better capture the context and meaning of individual lives and relationships. (Edited publisher abstract)
Factors facilitating or hindering meaningful staff–client interactions in people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour: a systematic mixed studies review using thematic synthesis
- Authors:
- SIMONS M.A.G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(2), 2021, pp.446-458.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Interactions with professional caregivers affect the quality of support and life of people with intellectual disabilities and contribute to the occurrence of challenging behaviour. The present literature review provides an overview of factors facilitating or hindering meaningful staff–client interactions in people with borderline to profound intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. Method: Database searches, reference list and citation screening, and expert consultations were undertaken. A thematic synthesis of 28 studies was performed. Results: Factors were identified at the client (i.e. behaviour, emotions and (dis)abilities), staff (i.e. interactive principles, knowledge, psychological resources, attributions, attitudes and (coping with) emotions) and context levels (i.e. group size, team and organization). Conclusions: The present overview provides insights into factors that facilitate or hinder meaningful staff–client interactions with people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. The results support the need to combine client, staff and contextual factors when considering staff–client interactions in research and practice. (Edited publisher abstract)
People with intellectual disabilities as business owners: a systematic review of peer‐reviewed literature
- Authors:
- HUTCHINSON Claire, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(2), 2021, pp.459-470.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Microenterprises are very small businesses requiring little capital and can be an employment pathway for people with intellectual disabilities. This systematic review aims to identify the facilitators, barriers and outcomes from microenterprise. Method: Web of Science, Scopus, EconLit, PsycINFO and ProQuest were searched to identify peer‐reviewed studies on microenterprises owned by people with intellectual disability published up to and including 1 October 2019. Results: A total of 1080 papers were independently screened by two reviewers. Six papers met the inclusion criteria. Barriers included lack of access to business expertise and resources, and the tension between growing microenterprises and maintaining eligibility for welfare payments. Formal and informal supports were key facilitators. Outcomes experienced included additional income, skills development, increased confidence and engagement in meaningful activities. Conclusion: Additional research is required to develop an evidence base which may support investment in this employment pathway, making microenterprise more accessible to people with intellectual disabilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Behavioural, psychiatric and psychosocial factors associated with aggressive behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review and narrative analysis
- Authors:
- VAN DEN AKKER Natalie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(2), 2021, pp.327-389.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Aggressive behaviour is prevalent in people with intellectual disabilities. To understand the aetiology, it is important to recognize factors associated with the behaviour. Method: A systematic review was conducted and included studies published between January 2002 and April 2017 on the association of behavioural, psychiatric and psychosocial factors with aggressive behaviour in adults with intellectual disabilities. Results: Thirty‐eight studies were included that presented associations with 11 behavioural, psychiatric and psychosocial factors. Conflicting evidence was found on the association of these factors with aggressive behaviour. Conclusions: The aetiology of aggressive behaviour is specific for a certain person in a certain context and may be multifactorial. Additional research is required to identify contributing factors, to understand causal relationships and to increase knowledge on possible interaction effects of different factors. (Edited publisher abstract)
Homelessness and people with intellectual disabilities: a systematic review of the international research evidence
- Authors:
- BROWN Michael, MCCANN Edward
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 34(2), 2021, pp.390-401.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: People with intellectual disabilities can experience homelessness, and some of the reasons differ from the general homeless population. Specific policy and practice responses are required. Method: A systematic review of studies examining homelessness among people with intellectual disabilities utilizing CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Sociological Abstracts databases from inception to November 2019. Results: The search produced 259 papers, and following screening, a total of 13 papers were included in the review. The themes identified were (i) pathways into homelessness, (ii) experiencing homelessness and (iii) routes out of homelessness. Conclusions: People with ID become homeless due to multifactorial issues. The identification of people within homeless services and their care and support concerns remains challenging, impacting upon the provision of assessments, interventions, care and supports. Psychosocial assessments, interventions and supports are necessary to assist people with ID to leave homelessness. (Edited publisher abstract)
Adults with intellectual disabilities and/or autism who deliberately set fires: a systematic review
- Authors:
- COLLINS J., BARNOUX M., LANGDON P.E.
- Journal article citation:
- Aggression and Violent Behavior, 56, 2021, p.101545.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Fire setting behaviour has devastating consequences and a significant number of adults who set fires have intellectual disabilities and/or autism. However, there has been no comprehensive review of the characteristics and treatment needs of this group of offenders, with existing reviews being limited in terms of sample population and methodological rigour. The purpose of this review was to systematically examine and synthesise existing research to determine what is known about adults with intellectual disabilities and autism who set fires. PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, Medline, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Criminal Justice Abstracts, SCOPUS, Open Grey, and the University of Kent arson library were searched for articles. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Searches resulted in 100 articles that met the specific inclusion criteria. Findings indicated adults with intellectual disabilities and autism share some characteristics with other adults who set fires (e.g. aggression, impulsivity). They also face additional challenges, which may have implications for treatment and risk formulation (e.g. communication difficulties, lack of support). However, current research is generally of poor methodological quality, limiting our ability to understand the unique characteristics and treatment needs of this population. (Edited publisher abstract)
Approaches to and outcomes of future planning for family carers of adults with an intellectual disability: a systematic review
- Authors:
- BRENNAN Damien, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 33(6), 2020, pp.1221-1233.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: People with intellectual disabilities are living longer, with family homes and family caregivers increasingly identified as a key support to this ageing population of people with intellectual disabilities. Method: This systematic review sets out existing evidence from empirically evaluated intervention studies of future care planning for adults with intellectual disability by family carers. Results: This systematic review identified a scarcity of systematic approaches to future care planning for adults with intellectual disabilities and their family carers. However, evidence from the review suggests positive outcomes for families once they engage in a future planning process. Conclusions: Contemporary social policy orientation, which emphasizes reliance on families to provide care, along with an ageing population of people with intellectual disabilities, and diminishing caring capacity within family networks, suggests an urgent need for a more expansive research base that evaluates approaches to supporting adults with intellectual disabilities and their family carers to plan for their futures. (Edited publisher abstract)
The while of participation: a systematic review of participatory research involving people with sensory impairments and/or intellectual impairments
- Authors:
- RIX Jonathan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 35(7), 2020, pp.1031-1057.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper reports on the first systematic review of literature associated with participatory research involving people identified with sensory impairments and/or intellectual impairments. It was initiated as part of ARCHES, an European Union-funded heritage project. The review sought to examine processes and activities used for organising participatory research involving people identified with sensory and/or intellectual impairments. 54 papers were included, involving studies from 14 countries and varying numbers of participants across different time scales. Insights were gained into use of advisory groups, organisation and support, collecting and analysing data, sharing findings and activity types. Emergent themes enabled an identification of the while of participation. The while represents the tensions, outcomes and component parts which are evident within the multiple moments that span an experience of participatory research. Participation is not about types of activity but how any activity is undertaken. (Edited publisher abstract)