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A systematic review of the effectiveness of Tai Chi on fall reduction among the elderly
- Authors:
- LOW Serena, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 48(3), May 2009, pp.325-331.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The seven randomised controlled trials in this review indicate that Tai Chi has the potential to reduce falls, or the risk of falls, among the elderly provided that they are relatively young and are not classed as frail. The searches, although not limited by language, did not reveal any non-English studies although the authors are aware from an earlier review that such studies are likely
How balance can overcome barriers
- Author:
- CARTER Kathy
- Journal article citation:
- Quality in Ageing, 9(1), March 2008, pp.41-44.
- Publisher:
- Pier Professional
- Place of publication:
- Brighton
Balance is key to improving the quality of life for older patients. This article looks at barriers to participation which exist in different forms in all areas of fitness and exercise, and are of an emotional or practical nature. The article also highlights the BalanceMaster machine, a piece of equipment that helps with balance and confidence.
Effects of gait adaptability training on falls and fall-related fractures in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- NORGAARD Jens Eg, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 50(6), 2021, pp.1914-1924.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Objective: falls among older adults are common and can have devastating consequences. A novel task-specific exercise modality, gait adaptability training (GAT), has shown promising preventive effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesise the evidence regarding GATs effect on falls and fall-related fractures in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: electronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, CENTRAL) were systematically searched from inception to 18 June 2020. Additional sources include searches of trial registrations, manual screening of reference lists and requests to experts. We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the effect of GAT on falls with at least 6-month follow-up among community-dwelling people aged 60+ years. Two reviewers independently 0.39–0.81, I2 = 0.00%; moderate certainty; seven RCTs). Moreover, proportion with fall-related fractures and proportion of fallers was reduced by 81% (risk ratio [RR] 0.19, 95% CI 0.06–0.56, I2 = 0.00%; very low certainty; two RCTs) and 43% (RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.4–to 0.8, I2 = 47.08%; low certainty; 11 RCTs), respectively. Conclusions: our results show that GAT significantly reduces the number of falls (Edited publisher abstract)
Yoga-based exercise improves balance and mobility in people aged 60 and over: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- YOUKHANA Sabrina, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 45(1), 2016, pp.21-29.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Objective: One-third of community-dwelling older adults fall annually. Exercise that challenges balance is proven to prevent falls. The authors conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the impact of yoga-based exercise on balance and physical mobility in people aged 60+ years. Methods: Searches for relevant trials were conducted on the following electronic databases: MEDLINE, yoga-related improvements in balance and mobility translate to prevention of falls in older people. (Publisher abstract)
The impact of a home-based walking programme on falls in older people: the Easy Steps randomised controlled trial
- Authors:
- VOUKELATOS Alexander, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 44(3), 2015, pp.377-383.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Background: Walking is the most popular form of exercise in older people but the impact of walking on falls is unclear. This study investigated the impact of a 48-week walking programme on falls in older people. Methods: Three hundred and eighty-six physically inactive people aged 65+ years living in the community were randomised into an intervention or control group. The intervention group received a self-paced, 48-week walking programme that involved three mailed printed manuals and telephone coaching. Coinciding with the walking programme manual control group participants received health information unrelated to falls. Monthly falls calendars were used to monitor falls (primary outcome) over 48 weeks. Secondary outcomes were self-reported quality of life, falls efficacy, exercise walking for exercise (median 1.69 versus 0.75 h/week, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Our finding that a walking programme is ineffective in preventing falls supports previous research and questions the suitability of recommending walking as a fall prevention strategy for older people. Walking, however, increases physical activity levels in previously inactive older people. (Edited publisher abstract)
Integration of balance and strength training into daily life activity to reduce rate of falls in older people (the LiFE study): randomised parallel trial
- Authors:
- CLEMSON Lindy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Medical Journal, 18.8.12, 2012, p.14.
- Publisher:
- British Medical Association
Participants aged 70 years or older who had two or more falls or one injurious fall in past 12 months, recruited from Veteran’s Affairs databases and general practice databases in Sydney, Austraila. Exclusion criteria were moderate to severe cognitive problems, inability to ambulate independently, neurological conditions that severely influenced gait and mobility, resident in a nursing home a week), and sham control programme (n=105; gentle exercise). LiFE and structured groups received five sessions with two booster visits and two phone calls; controls received three home visits and six phone calls. Assessments made at baseline and after six and 12 months. Results found a significant reduction of 31% in the rate of falls for the LiFE programme compared with controls; the corresponding
Attempts to reach the oldest and frailest: recruitment, and adherence, and retention of urban elderly persons to a falls reduction exercise program
- Authors:
- STINEMAN Margaret G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 51(S1), June 2011, pp.S59-S72.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
The Exercise and Training in Aging (EXTRA) protocol development study aimed to design a culturally appropriate intervention for elderly, mostly African American urban residents who suffered a fall of sufficient severity to need an emergency department visit. EXTRA included 2 elements: an intervention to reduce the risk of falls, and an intervention to increase adherence and retention, tailored
Rhythmic stepping exercise under cognitive conditions improves fall risk factors in community-dwelling older adults: preliminary results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial
- Authors:
- YAMADA Minoru, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 15(5), July 2011, pp.647-653.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In Japan, roughly half of older adults living in the community experience fear of falling. This pilot evaluated whether a 24-week programme of rhythmic stepping exercise (RSE) would be effective in improving physical function and reducing fear of falling in older adults. Twenty five participants from two living units from Kyoto, Japan, were randomised into an RSE group, and a 27 from another two living units into non-rhythmic stepping exercise (NRSE) group participated in a pilot cluster randomised controlled trial. Each exercise group received 60 min group training sessions once a week for 24 weeks. Measurement was based on the difference in physical functions between the RSE and NRSE groups. Findings revealed significant differences between the two groups for locomotive function. Relative risk was much higher for fear of falling for participants in the NRSE group compared with patients in the RSE group. The authors concluded that the results suggest that the RSE programme is more effective in improving locomotive function and fear of falling.
Does the ‘Otago exercise programme’ reduce mortality and falls in older adults?: a systematic review and meta-analysis
- Authors:
- THOMAS Susie, MACKINTOSH Shylie, HALBERT Julie
- Journal article citation:
- Age and Ageing, 39(6), November 2010, pp.681-687.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
A systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a strength and balance retraining programme designed to prevent falls in older people living in the community, the Otago exercise programme. The meta-analysis included seven trials, involving 1503 participants. Outcomes of interest included risk of death, number of falls, number of injurious falls and compliance
Scoping exercise on fallers' clinics: research summary
- Author:
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR HEALTH RESEARCH. Service Delivery and Organisation Programme
- Publisher:
- National Institute for Health Research. Service Delivery and Organisation Programme
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 6p.
- Place of publication:
- London
The National Institute for Health Research has published the results of research looking into how fallers’ clinics function, and how their success can be measured so that an economic appraisal can be carried out. The National Service Framework (NSF) for Older People (2001) highlighted the need to reduce the health impact of falls, which led to the introduction of hundreds of fallers’ clinics throughout the UK. NICE published guidance on the operational aspects of running falls prevention services in 2004, but by this time the majority of clinics set up in the UK had their own specific approaches already in place. Although an economic analysis of these services was proposed in 2004, it was suspended due to the lack of evidence available at the time. The purpose of this research, therefore, was to increase the body of evidence on fallers’ clinics, to map out a model of service delivery, and to quantify the impact of these clinics on falls prevention, so that economic modelling would be possible. The most widespread interventions used in the clinics were found to be medication review, physical exercise and improving client knowledge. The authors note that determination of the true value