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Case report: behavioural treatment of improper eating by an institutionalised woman with profound intellectual disability - description of a successful intervention
- Author:
- SALOVIITA Timo
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 27(1), March 2002, pp.15-20.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Intensive 11-day behavioural training of an institutionalised woman with profound intellectual disability was used to teach proper eating by reducing her eating errors. The methods used included an increased number of learning opportunities, graduated guidance, the use of social reinforcement, and mild punishment through simple correction of eating errors. The treatment was faded into a maintenance phase. After the intensive training phase, the participant ceased to eat with her fingers from a plate, and her eating changed to a more tidy habit. She was also released from having her hand tied during the meals. The results were maintained during an informal follow-up 4 years later.
Lifestyles, social background and eating patterns of 15-year-old boys and girls in Finland
- Authors:
- ROOS Eva B., KARVONEN Sakari, RAHKONEN Ossi
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Youth Studies, 7(3), September 2004, pp.331-349.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The aim was to investigate whether lifestyles or social background have stronger impact on eating patterns among young people. A school-based survey carried out in 1998 among 15-year-old pupils (n=2388) in Helsinki was used as data. The lifestyle dimensions of leisure-time activities used were street-oriented lifestyle, commercialised lifestyle, home-oriented lifestyle, and arts-oriented and hobby-oriented lifestyle. Social background was indicated by father's educational level. Three family-related and school-related eating measures (eating school lunch, having dinner at home and consumption of recommended foods) and two peer-related eating measures (consumption of fast food and consumption of sweets) were analysed. Those from households with higher educational level more often took part in meals at home (boys) and at school (all), and also consumed recommended food items more often. A more street-oriented lifestyle and a more commercialised leisure time were associated with higher intake of fast food and sweets. The results suggest that structural factors such as social background continue to have more influence than lifestyles on young people's daily diet