Search results for ‘Subject term:"diagnosis"’ Sort:
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“It took a piece of me”: initial responses to a positive HIV diagnosis by Caribbean people in the UK
- Authors:
- ANDERSON Moji, et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 22(12), December 2010, pp.1493-1498.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Using semi-structured interviews, 25 HIV-positive Caribbean people in London this study investigated their diagnosis experience and its immediate aftermath. Diagnosis with HIV caused profound shock and distress to participants, as they associated the disease with immediate death and stigmatisation. Respondents were faced with multifaceted loss: of their known self, their present life, their envisioned future, and the partner they had expected to play a role in each of these. A minority of accounts suggest that the way in which healthcare practitioners delivered the diagnosis intensified the participants' distress. This research suggests that healthcare practitioners should educate patients in specific aspects of HIV transmission and treatment, and engage closely with them in order to understand their needs and potential reactions to a positive diagnosis.
The development of memory difficulties: a journey into the unknown
- Authors:
- KOPPEL Oonagh S.B., DALLOS Rudi
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 6(2), May 2007, pp.193-213.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The primary focus of research exploring the experience of developing memory difficulties has been on people who already have a diagnosis of dementia. This study employs a qualitative approach to explore the experience of memory difficulties in three individuals experiencing the process of investigation for dementia. The participants were interviewed before they had a formal diagnosis, and again
Theory of mind in schizophrenia: meta-analysis
- Authors:
- SPRONG Mirjam, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 191(7), July 2007, pp.5-13.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Mentalising impairment (an impaired ability to think about people in terms of their mental states) has frequently been associated with schizophrenia. This research is to assess the magnitude of the deficit and analyse associated factors. Twenty-nine studies of mentalising in schizophrenia (combined n=1518), published between January 1993 and May 2006, were included to estimate overall effect size. Study descriptors predicted to influence effect size were analysed using weighted regression-analysis techniques. Separate analyses were performed for symptom subgroups and task types. The estimated overall effect size was large and statistically significant and was not significantly affected by sample characteristics. All symptom subgroups showed significant mentalising impairment, but participants with symptoms of disorganisation were significantly more impaired than the other subgroups. This meta-analysis showed significant and stable mentalising impairment in schizophrenia. The finding that patients in remission are also impaired favours the notion that mentalising impairment represents a possible trait marker of schizophrenia.
How do you explain a pain that can't be seen?: the narratives of women with chronic pelvic pain and their disengagement with the diagnostic cycle
- Authors:
- McGOWAN Linda, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Health Psychology, 12(2), May 2007, pp.261-274.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) has an adverse effect on women's quality of life. Research has suggested that many women become dissatisfied with their care and withdraw from seeking help despite continuing symptoms. The aim of this study was to explore the processes which lead to disengagement and to understand the psychosocial processes that affect this group of women. A qualitative narrative approach was used, guided by phenomenological-hermeneutic tradition, and informed by the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur. Thirty-two women with CPP were asked to write their stories about their illness trajectories. These written stories served as data which were analysed thematically according to narrative theory.. In the search for validation and recognition women engaged in the diagnostic cycle. Many women do not complete this cycle, become stuck at a certain point, or re-enter the cycle repeatedly. They can only opt out if the problem is resolved or by choosing to disengage with medical care. While the medical consultation was a dominant theme, a complex interaction of factors was required to initiate disengagement. The dualistic nature of the diagnostic process prohibits women from telling their stories. Women were left feeling disempowered and in limbo, and they were at a loss as to how to manage their pain.
‘Well I’m still the Diva!’ Enabling people with dementia to express their identity through graffiti arts: Innovative practice
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 18(2), 2019, pp.814-820.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article reports on a pilot study that investigated the use of graffiti arts as a medium for promoting self-expression in people with dementia. Two people with dementia attended a series of workshops with a graffiti artist where they explored their feelings of changing identity following their dementia diagnoses. As part of the workshops, they were encouraged to develop a personal ‘tag’ or signature to portray their sense of identity and a piece of street art to express ‘their message’. These completed artworks were displayed in a public space in Bournemouth, UK. (Publisher abstract)
The paradox of dementia: changes in assimilation after receiving a diagnosis of dementia
- Authors:
- LISHMAN Emma, CHESTON Richard, SMITHSON Janet
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 15(2), 2016, pp.181-203.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This qualitative study used semi-structured interviews to explore how six people talked about their difficulties before and after a dementia diagnosis. Participants’ accounts of their memory problems were analysed in terms of the verbal Markers of Assimilation of Problematic Voices Scale. This analysis indicated that after diagnosis some participants were able to integrate aspects of their illness that had previously been too painful, and which had been warded off. The process by which individuals were able to integrate a dementia diagnosis into their sense of self-involved stepping in and out of awareness, with both acceptance and denial featuring in their accounts as they approached and then retreated from addressing the diagnosis. In contrast, other participants resisted moving towards (Publisher abstract)
Reporting of personality disorder symptoms in a forensic inpatient sample: effects of mode of assessment and response style
- Authors:
- WHYTE Sean, FOX Simone, COXELL Adrian
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology (The), 17(3), September 2006, pp.431-441.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Self-report measures of personality disorder are known to over-report personality disorder traits consistently relative to measures based on a clinical interview. This study tests the hypothesis that there is a relationship between a participant's tendency to give socially desirable responses and the discrepancy between their results on self-report and interview-based measures. The relative over-reporting of the self-report measure, the PDQ4, was confirmed, but no association was found between the magnitude of the over-reporting and the tendency to give socially desirable responses.
Clinical detection of schizophrenia-prone individuals: critical appraisal
- Author:
- PARNAS Josef
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 187(Supplement 48), August 2005, pp.s111-s112.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Issues that undermine the early detection of schizophrenia include an inadequate grasp of the construct validity of the concept of schizophrenia, insufficient conceptualisation of psychosis and of the illness onset, and a general lack of a theoretical framework for psychopathology. Subjective experience is emphasised as a potentially promising domain for future research.
HIV diagnosis rituals and identity narratives
- Authors:
- ROTH N.L., NELSON M.S.
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 9(2), April 1997, pp.161-179.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Using the constitutive view of health communication as a framework, the essay explores the construction of HIV diagnoses in narratives about physician/patient interactions in the USA. Narrative analysis reveals the life-changing impact of HIV diagnosis and the incongruence of the routine ways in which most diagnoses are handled. It also highlights the importance of HIV-positive communities
Diagnosis talk and recovery in people with a mental illness: a qualitative study and perspectives for clinical social work
- Authors:
- PETER Olivia, JUNGBAUER Johannes
- Journal article citation:
- Clinical Social Work Journal, 47(2), 2019, pp.222-232.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
In recent years, much research has focused on the lived experience of people diagnosed with a mental illness, resulting in a better understanding of what helps or hinders their recovery. This study aimed to investigate a rather neglected aspect of recovery: how people with a mental illness talk about their diagnosis and how concealing or revealing such a diagnosis affects different live domains. People (n = 16) diagnosed with a mental illness participated in an in-depth qualitative interview study, allowing insight into how they experience and evaluate living with a mental health diagnosis. The results are particularly interesting for clinical social work. Based on the findings of this study, the concept of ‘diagnosis talk’ has been derived. This concept is understood to thematize the different aspects related to whether and how a person with a mental illness talks about their diagnosis, such as motivation for disclosure and its timing, or which terms they use when referring to their diagnosis. The results indicate that receiving a mental health diagnosis requires consideration of how to cope with this “label”, which has to be distinguished from coping with the illness and the symptoms (Publisher abstract)