Search results for ‘Subject term:"diagnosis"’ Sort:
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SCIE research briefing 7: ADHD: background, assessment and diagnosis
- Author:
- SOCIAL CARE INSTITUTE FOR EXCELLENCE
- Publisher:
- Social Care Institute for Excellence
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Place of publication:
- London
- Edition:
- Rev. ed.
A web-based briefing providing a concise summary of the current knowledge base on the nature and diagnosis of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and the related disorder or sub-type, Hyperkinetic Disorder (HKD), among children and adolescents. The briefing divides the knowledge available into organisational knowledge, policy community knowledge, practitioner knowledge, research
Evidence summary for lateral flow devices (LFD) in relation to care homes
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Department of Health and Social Care
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Department of Health and Social Care
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Place of publication:
- London
A summary of published research papers on lateral flow device (LFD) efficacy and preliminary findings from the evaluation of the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) care home visitor testing pilot November 2020. The summary follows the release of visitor testing guidance that supports friends and relatives to visit care home residents and provides clarity on the available evidence to support safe visiting as part of our overall approach to promote the health and wellbeing of care home residents. Friends and relatives tested immediately before their visit can demonstrate they are likely to be free of risk of transmitting COVID-19 by having an LFD negative result. Testing must be done directly before the visit takes place and must be undertaken in combination with other infection prevention and control measures. (Edited publisher abstract)
Receiving a diagnosis of young onset dementia: a scoping review of lived experiences
- Authors:
- O’MALLEY Mary, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 25(1), 2021, pp.1-12.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Personal experiences of receiving a diagnosis of young onset dementia (YOD) are often overlooked in a complex assessment process requiring substantial investigation. A thematic synthesis of published until November 2018 qualitative studies was completed to understand the lived experiences of younger people. This informed a Delphi study to learn how diagnostic processes could be improved, identify the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches, and help educate professionals concerning key issues. Method: Systematic searches of bibliographic databases were conducted involving self-reported experiences of diagnosis of YOD. Eight out of 47 papers identified were quality assessed using Walsh & Browne's criteria for methodological appraisal. Results: The review emphasises that delays in diagnosis can often be attributed to (1) delays in accessing help, and (2) misattribution of symptoms by the clinician. The impact of diagnosis is influenced by the clinician's use of language; and reactions to diagnosis varied from feelings of reassurance (in that their symptoms are now explained), to shock and destabilisation. Conclusion: This review suggests that improving the recognition of presenting symptoms, reducing diagnostic errors, and identifying the emotional needs arising from diagnosis are required to improve the diagnostic experience for younger adults, and to promote future engagement with services. (Edited publisher abstract)
The diagnosis and epidemiology of autism
- Author:
- PASCO Greg
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 16(4), 2011, pp.5-19.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The paper provides a non-systematic review of the current literature relating to the diagnosis and epidemiology of autism. It aims to describe the way in which autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is identified, defined and diagnosed; and how changes in the conceptualisation and understanding of autism have impacted on clinical practice and research findings. Despite its diverse presentation
Pediatric bipolar disorder: part I - is it related to classical bipolar
- Authors:
- LITTRELL Jill, LYONS Peter
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 32(7), July 2010, pp.945-964.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
A new diagnosis for children has emerged in the last decade: paediatric bipolar disorder. Children who, in the past, would have been given other diagnoses are now being relabelled as paediatric bipolar. This paper examines whether the children being labelled with this belong to the same population as well-characterised bipolar I disorder of the past. It begins with a description of well-characterised bipolar I adults of the past, and retrospective studies examining the childhood characteristics of adults with bipolar are reviewed. The paper then examines the types of children receiving the diagnosis of paediatric bipolar and delineates how the behaviour of these children differs from the pattern of behaviour exhibited by adults with classical bipolar, thus raising the question of whether
The clinical significance of subjective memory complaints in the diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a meta-analysis
- Author:
- MITCHELL Alex J.
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(11), November 2008, pp.1191-1202.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
... meta-analytic pooled sensitivity was 37.4% and specificity was 86.9%. In community studies with a low prevalence the positive and negative predictive values were 18.5% and 93.7% for dementia and 31.4% and 86.9% for MCI. The clinical utility index which calculates the value of a diagnostic method suggested poor value for ruling in a diagnosis of dementia but good value for ruling out a diagnosis. When assessed
Your attention please: the social and economic impact of ADHD
- Author:
- VIBERT Simone
- Publisher:
- DEMOS
- Publication year:
- 2018
- Pagination:
- 95
- Place of publication:
- London
... a negative impact on personal relationships and increased risk taking. The stories of five individuals diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood are included to illustrate these challenges. It also shows how a lack of awareness of the condition in health professionals, teachers and parents can inhibit early diagnosis and intervention. The report makes six recommendations to improve early intervention and diagnosis. (Edited publisher abstract)
Diagnosing psychiatric disorders in people with intellectual disabilities: issues and achievements
- Authors:
- BERTELLI Marco O., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 9(5), 2015, pp.230-242.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: Diagnosing psychiatric disorders (PD) in adults with Intellectual Disability (ID) presents several issues and need specific skills and tools. The purpose of this paper is to provide a detailed description of the current status of art through a systematic mapping of the literature. Design/methodology/approach: The authors reviewed the international literature on the basis of the following questions: what are the issues in the psychiatric diagnostic process for adults with ID? What methods and procedures have been used for psychiatric assessment in ID? To date, is it possible to identify some most effective procedures? Findings: The analysis of the literature indicates that main issues of the psychiatric diagnostic process in adults with ID are the following: identification of psychiatric symptoms, behavioural equivalents, diagnostic criteria, setting, source of information, screening, and diagnostic tools. The evidence base is only emerging and although many relevant achievements have been reached in the last two decades, no definitive guideline has been produced. Most recent acquisition also allowed to identify some assessment procedures that are currently considered the most effective. Individualised assessment remains the best way to meet the needs of this heterogeneous and variable patient group. Originality/value: This paper offers a comprehensive and updated description of current achievements and issues towards the assessment of PD in people with ID. (Publisher abstract)
Grouping of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia
- Authors:
- van der LINDE Rianne M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(6), 2014, pp.562-568.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: A wide range of behavioural and psychological symptoms (BPSD) are common in dementia, and it has been suggested that groups of correlated symptoms should be studied together. Here, we describe the groups of BPSD that have been identified in the literature and how they have been used to study associations, burden, treatment and underlying biology. Methods: The literature database PubMed was searched for articles that identified clusters or factors of BPSD or used previously defined symptom groups. Results: Sixty-two studies were included. Generally, the following symptom groups were suggested: affective symptoms, including depression and anxiety; psychosis, including delusions and hallucinations; hyperactivity, including irritability and aggression; and euphoria. Symptoms that did not show consistent results include apathy, eating disturbances, night-time behaviour disturbances, disinhibition and aberrant motor behaviour. Symptom groups differed in their associations, treatment and biology. Conclusions: Studies investigating symptom groups show relatively consistent results. Studying symptom groups allows similar symptoms to be studied together, which might strengthen results and may point to differences in their aetiology and treatment. However, a large amount of the individual variability of the symptoms could not be explained by the factors, and authors should carefully address their research question and hypotheses to decide if symptoms should be studied in groups or individually. Clinicians need to consider each symptom in its own right and also to be aware of the interrelations between them when assessing patients and developing strategies for treatment (Publisher abstract)
Clinical presentation and differential diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies: a review
- Authors:
- MORRA L.F., DONOVICK P.J.
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(6), 2014, pp.569-576.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies is one of the most prevalent dementia diagnoses. However, differential diagnosis between dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease with dementia can still be very difficult given the overlap in neuropathology, clinical presentation, cognitive, and neuroanatomical changes. Method: A literature review of dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease with dementia was conducted using PubMed. Results and Implications: Accurate diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies is crucial in order to more accurately predict the progression of the disease and negative side effects from pharmacological treatment. The differences and similarities between dementia with Lewy bodies, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease with dementia are highlighted in order to aid clinicians in differential diagnosis. (Publisher abstract)