Search results for ‘Subject term:"depression"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 101
Social support and depressive symptoms among trauma-impacted older adults
- Authors:
- CHO Seungjong, BULGER Morgan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 18(4), 2021, pp.371-378.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Purpose: The present study investigates the association between social support and depressive symptomatology among older adults who have been impacted by trauma. Previous studies have not sufficiently explored this topic to date. Method: The current study analyzed public-use data from the 2012 Health and Retirement Study (N = 4,195), focusing specifically on community-dwelling older adults (> 50). They had at least one traumatic event in their lifetime. Results: This study found that higher levels of social support were significantly associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms after controlling for life satisfaction, age, gender, race, ethnicity, and education. Discussion and Conclusion: The recent emergence of trauma-informed research has consistently emphasized the importance of social interaction for mental health. The current study shows that social support can reduce depressive symptoms of those who have experienced trauma. (Edited publisher abstract)
Autobiographical memory specificity, depression, and trauma in bipolar disorder
- Authors:
- MOWLDS William, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 49(2), June 2010, pp.217-233.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Using a sample of 52 participants with a confirmed diagnosis of bipolar disorder from a mental health service area in Northern Ireland, this study investigated the prevalence of trauma among patients with bipolar disorder and the specificity of autobiographical memory (over-general autobiographical memory has been shown to be closely associated with depression or depressive symptoms in many adult disorders), looking at the relationship between psychosocial adversity, autobiographical memory specificity and outcome in bipolar disorder. The results showed a high prevalence of trauma with 94.2% of participants reporting experiencing a traumatic event in either childhood or adulthood, and autobiographical memory specificity was significantly lower than previously reported in major depression. The researchers concluded that the findings of this study suggest a relationship between early psychosocial adversity and current inter-episode depressive mood in bipolar disorder, that levels of over-general autobiographical memory are similar to that reported for depression but are unrelated to childhood trauma, current inter-episode depressive mood or bipolar disorder severity, and that routine assessment
Posttraumatic stress and depression reactions among survivors of the Istanbul November 2003 terrorist attacks
- Authors:
- PAGE Ayten Z., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 18(3), April 2009, pp.280-292.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Posttraumatic stress and depression reactions were examined among survivors of the Istanbul November 2003 terrorist bombings. One hundred and forty-nine survivors (62 men and 87 women with a mean age of 30.1 years) completed a the PTSD Symptom Scale – self report version and the Beck Depression Inventory to measure exposure, current posttraumatic stress, and depression responses six months after the blasts. The prevalence rate of posttraumatic stress disorder among survivors was 35.6% and the rate of depression was 23.5%. PTSD was strongly predicted by perceived life threat, whereas depression was strongly predicted by death of a close friend. Age was not a significant factor but overall, female survivors were found to be more vulnerable to developing posttraumatic stress as well as depression
Trauma, stressful life events and depression predict HIV-related fatigue
- Authors:
- LESERMAN J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 20(10), November 2008, pp.1258-1265.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Despite the fact that fatigue is a common and debilitating symptom among HIV-infected persons, we know little about the predictors of fatigue in this population. The goal of this cross-sectional study was to examine the effects of early childhood trauma, recent stressful life events and depression on intensity and impairment of fatigue in HIV, over and above demographic factors and clinical
A life-span approach to examining older vulnerable population’s subjective well-being: the role of adversity and trauma
- Authors:
- YANG Mai See, HEDEKER Donald
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 24(12), 2020, pp.2043-2052.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Using the life course guidance, the goal of this study was to examine the degree to which previously experienced adversity and trauma was associated with subjective well-being among older adults. Methods: Data from the Health and Retirement Study (1992–2012) was used to examine these trends over time. We used multilevel models to test for specific individual change across time. The study sample included older community dwellers aged 55 and over (N = 5,649). Results: In terms of early childhood adversities, 77% experienced at least one trauma and 72% experienced at least one trauma in adulthood. Adverse childhood experiences and adulthood trauma were predictors of depressive symptoms, poorer self-rated health, and worse life satisfaction. Older black, other race, and Hispanic groups have poorer subjective well-being overtime compared to whites. Conclusion: Findings suggested exposure to childhood adversities and adulthood trauma increases depressive symptoms, poor self-rated health, and low satisfaction of life over time. Findings from this study provide insight into how life course exposure of adversity and trauma among older adults showed a negative trend over time. (Edited publisher abstract)
Major depression, 5HTTLPR genotype, suicide and antidepressant influences on thalamic volume
- Authors:
- YOUNG Keith A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 192(4), April 2008, pp.285-289.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The 5HTTLPR genetic variant of the serotonin transporter gene (SERT or 5-HTT), which is comprised of a short (SERT-s) and a long (SERT-l) allele, is associated with major depressive disorder and post-traumatic brain disorder. The present study sought to determine whether the total thalamus and major subregions are altered in size in major depressive disorder and in relation to the 5HTTLPR genotype. he authors investigated the influence of 5HTTLPR genotype, psychiatric diagnosis, suicide and other clinical factors on the volume of the entire post-mortem thalamus. Major depressive disorder, SERT-ss genotype and suicide emerged as independent factors contributing to an enlargement of the total thalamus. The majority of the volume enlargement associated with the SERT-ss genotype occurred in the pulvinar, whereas enlargement associated with major depressive disorder occurred in the limbic nuclei and in other regions of the thalamus. A history of antidepressant treatment was associated with reduced thalamic volume. The 5HTTLPR genetic variation may affect behaviour and psychiatric conditions, in part, by altering the anatomy of the thalamus.
Effectiveness of a life story intervention for adults with intellectual disability and depressive and trauma‐related complaints
- Authors:
- BEERNINK Janny, WESTERHOF Gerben J.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 33(6), 2020, pp.1340-1347.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Introduction: People with intellectual disability have a higher chance of developing mental disorders than the general population. Yet, few evidence‐based interventions exist. This article evaluates My Lifestory, a narrative intervention tailored to people with intellectual disability and depressive or trauma‐related complaints. Method: A quasi‐experimental research design was adopted with an experimental condition (My Lifestory) and a matched control condition (care as usual). Measurements took place before the intervention, at the end of the intervention and at follow‐up two months later. Measurements focused on psychiatric complaints, well‐being, life satisfaction, mastery, and purpose in life. Results: Participants in the intervention condition improved more in psychiatric complaints, well‐being, life satisfaction, and purpose in life, but not in mastery, than participants in the control condition. Effect sizes were large in the intervention condition and small in the control condition. Discussion: Despite some limitations, this study adds to the evidence base of this narrative intervention. (Edited publisher abstract)
The association between shelter rules and psychosocial outcomes among homeless youth residing in family shelters
- Authors:
- BEHARIE Nisha, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Families in Society, 98(2), 2017, pp.113-120.
- Publisher:
- The Alliance for Children and Families
... following shelter rules on psychosocial outcomes was assessed. Youth with difficulty following shelter rules reported significantly more depressive symptoms, but less substance use. Trauma was found to be associated with increased depression and substance use. Difficulty following shelter rules was found to moderate the association between trauma and substance use. Recommendations for future interventions (Publisher abstract)
Childhood adversity and adult depression: the protective role of psychological resilience
- Authors:
- POOLE Julia C., DOBSON Keith S., PUSCH Dennis
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 64, 2017, pp.89-100.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), such as childhood abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, have been identified as salient risk factors for adult depression. However, not all individuals who experience ACEs go on to develop depression. The extent to which resilience- or the ability to demonstrate stable levels of functioning despite adversity- may act as a buffer against depression among individuals with a history of ACEs has not been adequately examined. To address the associations between ACEs, depression, and resilience, 4006 adult participants were recruited from primary care clinics. Participants completed self-report questionnaires including: the Adverse Childhood Experiences Questionnaire, a retrospective measure of childhood adversity; the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, a measure of the presence and severity of the major symptoms of depression; and the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale, a measure of psychological resilience. Results from regression analyses indicated that, while controlling for a range of demographic variables, both ACEs and resilience independently predicted symptoms of depression. Further, resilience moderated the association between ACEs and depression. Specifically, the association between ACEs and depression was stronger among individuals with low resilience relative to those with high resilience. This research provides important information regarding the relationships among ACEs, resilience, and depression. Results have the potential to inform the development of treatments aimed to reduce symptoms of depression among primary care patients with a history of childhood (Edited publisher abstract)
The association of adverse childhood experiences with mid-life depressive symptoms and quality of life among incarcerated males: exploring multiple mediation
- Authors:
- SKARUPSKI Kimberly A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(6), 2016, pp.655-666.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: To explore the association of experiencing death, trauma, and abuse during childhood with depressive symptoms and quality of life at mid-life among incarcerated men and to understand how current social support and coping strategies mediate the impact of childhood trauma histories on mental health. Methods: Study participants were 192 male inmates in a maximum security prison. Participants completed measures of adverse childhood experiences related to death, trauma, and abuse, and depressive symptoms and quality of life. Data were analysed using multiple mediation modelling. Results: Men who reported having experienced adverse childhood experiences reported more depressive symptoms and lower quality of life than their counterparts. The results showed that in models both unadjusted and adjusted for age, race, education, number of years served, and whether the inmate had a life sentence, the association between adverse childhood experiences and quality of life were partially explained by the total of the indirect effects, primarily via social support. However, the associations between adverse childhood experiences and depressive symptoms were not explained by social support and coping. Conclusion: Adverse childhood experiences are associated with deleterious mental health effects in later life. Social support and coping partially mediate the association between adverse childhood experiences and quality of life. The high prevalence of childhood trauma among ageing prison inmates warrants attention to increasing social support mechanisms to improve mental health. (Edited publisher abstract)