Search results for ‘Subject term:"depression"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 3 of 3
Comparison of risk factors for the onset and maintenance of depression
- Authors:
- BOTTOMLEY Christian, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 196(1), January 2010, pp.13-17.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Factors associated with depression are usually identified from cross-sectional studies. This article explores the relative roles of onset and recovery in determining these associations. Hazard ratios for onset and recovery were estimated for 39 risk factors from a cohort study of 10,045 general practice attendees whose depression status was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Risk factors have a stronger relative effect on the rate of onset than recovery. The strongest risk factors for both onset and maintenance of depression tend to be time-dependent. With the exception of female gender the strength of a risk factor’s effect on onset is highly predictive of its impact on recovery. Preventive measures will achieve a greater reduction in the prevalence of depression than measures designed
Examining the factor structure of anxiety and depression symptom items among adolescents in Santiago, Chile
- Authors:
- BARES Cristina B., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 2(1), 2011, Online only
- Publisher:
- Society for Social Work and Research
The co-occurrence of emotional disorders among adolescents has received considerable empirical attention. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of co-occurring anxiety and depression by examining the factor structure of the Youth Self-Report used with a sample of low-income adolescents from Santiago, Chile. Data from two independent, randomly selected subsamples were analyzed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. Results indicate the best fit for the data is a two-factor model of anxiety and depression symptoms, which factors anxiety and depression into separate latent constructs. That these constructs are found to be separate factors suggests that anxiety and depression may have separate etiologies and consequences, which might be best addressed by separate intervention components. These findings are consistent with the viewpoint that anxiety and depression constructs have similar emotional features and, despite sharing a common underlying internalizing disorder, distinct items capture aspects of each construct.
Population prevalence of psychiatric disorders in Chile: 6-month and 1-month rates
- Authors:
- VINCENTE Benjamin, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 184(4), April 2004, pp.299-305.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
The Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered to a stratified random sample of 2978 individuals from four provinces representative of the country’s population. Six-month and 1-month prevalence rates were estimated. Demographic correlates, comorbidity and service use were examined. Nearly a fifth of the Chilean population had had a psychiatric disorder during the preceding 6 months. The 6-month and 1-month prevalence rates were 19.7% and 16.7% respectively. For the 6-month prevalence the five most common disorders were simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia, major depressive disorder and alcohol dependence. Less than 30% of those with any psychiatric diagnosis had a comorbid psychiatric disorder and the majority of them had sought treatment from mental health services. Current prevalence studies are useful indicators of service needs. People with comorbid psychiatric conditions have high rates of service use. The low rate of comorbidity in Chile merits further study.