Search results for ‘Subject term:"conduct disorders"’ Sort:
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Do perceptions of dysfunction and normality mediate clinicians' judgements of adolescent antisocial behavior?
- Authors:
- KIRK Stuart A., HSIEH Derek H.
- Journal article citation:
- Social Service Review, 83(2), June 2009, pp.245-266.
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) requires clinicians making a judgment of mental disorder to first make complex mediating inferences about internal dysfunction and rule out the possibility that behaviours are normal reactions to a problematic environment. Responding to a case vignette in which the social context of antisocial behaviour was systematically varied, a sample of 1,500 social workers, psychologists, and psychiatrists made judgments about the presence of mental disorder, internal dysfunction, and normality in the antisocial behaviour of a youth. Perceptions about the presence of internal dysfunction and normality are found to be related to judgments of mental disorder, but they do not fully mediate the relationship between the influence of social context and judgments of mental disorder.
Problems with the DSM-IV diagnosis of paedophilia
- Authors:
- O'DONOHUE William, REGEV Lisa G., HAGSTROM Anne
- Journal article citation:
- Sexual Abuse a Journal of Research and Treatment, 12(2), April 2000, pp.95-105.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article examines the adequacy of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, 4th ed., DSM-IV (American Psychiatric Association, 1994) diagnostic category of paedophilia. This diagnosis, as well as the other sexual disorders, have been ignored in DSM field trials. The authors suggest that there is no empirical information about the reliability or validity of this diagnosis.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- Author:
- SILVER Raphael
- Journal article citation:
- Family Law, 27, August 1997, pp.547-550.
- Publisher:
- Jordan
Explains in simple terms what attention deficit hyperactivity disorder really is and the difficulties that might arise from its diagnosis from a child care lawyer's point of view.
Relational aggression and the DSM-V: what can clinicians tell us about female juvenile offenders?
- Authors:
- GOLDWEBER Asha, CAUFFMAN Elizabeth
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 12(1), January 2012, pp.35-47.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia
Relational aggression (such as manipulating and damaging relationships, excluding others, and spreading rumours) can be difficult to detect. In the context of debate about whether the US Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-V (DSM-V) should include relational aggression as part of the diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder, this study tested the correspondence between self- and clinician-reported aggression. The participants were 51 girls aged 15 to 18 years housed in a secure facility in California who completed questionnaires, and clinicians and staff who anonymously provided reports on the adolescent female offenders. The article describes the study method, measures and analysis, which covered reactive and proactive overt aggression and reactive and proactive relational aggression. The results indicated that clinicians were able to detect all subtypes of girls' aggression. The article discusses the findings and how they relate to debate about whether the DSM-V should include relational aggression and incorporate gender specific criteria for conduct disorder.
Understanding fragile X syndrome: a guide for families and professionals
- Authors:
- CARVAJAL Isabel Fernandez, ALDRIDGE David
- Publisher:
- Jessica Kingsley
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 112p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Fragile X syndrome is one of the main causes of child developmental delay and autism spectrum disorders. This book explains the science of this genetic disorder and provides the facts and advice that parents and professional need to support individuals with the syndrome. With sections on diagnosis, symptoms and treatment, as well as discussions of various emotional and behavioural considerations, this short guide looks at the implications for, and the possibilities open to, families affected by Fragile X syndrome. The authors demonstrate how, with the right therapies, progress can be made and show how music can be used effectively to promote communication, interaction, fine motor skills and responsiveness in children with the condition. Chapters include: what is Fragile X syndrome?; understanding heredity: genetic factors and inheritance; the common symptoms of Fragile X syndrome; associated Fragile X syndromes: primary ovarian insufficiency and Fragile X tremor/ataxia syndrome; diagnosing Fragile X syndrome and its implications; interventions for Fragile X syndrome; and talking with the family. A glossary, further reading suggestions and Fragile X weblinks are included.
Diagnosing conduct problems of children and adolescents in residential treatment
- Authors:
- CAMERON Mark, GUTERMAN Neil B.
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 36(1), February 2007, pp.1-10.
- Publisher:
- Springer
This naturalistic study of diagnostic practice in residential treatment agencies for children investigated the use of the DSM-IV conduct disorder diagnosis and its association with residents’ externalizing behaviours. The conduct disorder (CD) diagnosis was a poor predictor of participants’ externalizing behaviours during their first few months in residence. Additionally, the assignment of the diagnosis was associated with the gender and race of study participants. Decisions of admissions personnel and practitioners in residential treatment facilities regarding their externalizing clients may not be well-served by use of DSM diagnoses. Assessments of caregivers may prove a useful adjunct to DSM diagnoses.
Syndrome specific characteristics in Williams Syndrome: to what extent do early behavioural patterns persist into adult life?
- Authors:
- HOWLIN Patricia, DAVIES Mark, UDWIN Orlee
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 11(3), 1998, pp.207-226.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Reviews the evidence for a 'syndrome specific' pattern of problems and behaviours relating to Williams syndrome. Although there have been many studies of children with this condition, data on adults is limited. The article summarises available information on patterns of functioning in children and examines the extent to which these characteristics persist into adulthood.
Child mental health: who is responsible?; an overextended remit
- Author:
- GOODMAN Robert
- Journal article citation:
- British Medical Journal, 15.3.97, 1997, pp.813-814.
- Publisher:
- British Medical Association
Argues that the labelling of all childhood ills as mental health problems diverts doctors into child welfare work that is more properly the province of social services or education. The author claims that this results in many children who could have benefited from medical assessment and treatment for their emotional and behavioural problems not getting the help that they need.
Use of ICD-10 research diagnostic criteria to categorise psychiatric and behavioural abnormalities among people with learning disabilities: the West Midlands field trial
- Authors:
- CLARKE David J., CUMELLA Stuart, CORBETT John
- Journal article citation:
- Mental Handicap Research, 7(4), 1995, pp.273-285.
- Publisher:
- BIMH Publications
ICD-10 Diagnostic Criteria for Research (DCR) based on Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines for Mental and Behavioural Disorders were used to assign diagnoses to people with mental retardation who in addition had behavioural or psychiatric disorders. The trial showed that clinicians found the DCR to be a useful and comprehensive system for classifying psychiatric disorders occurring among people with mental retardation for research purposes, and for making diagnoses to allow communication in a succinct way with colleagues. The system was, however, felt to require modification for such, with an expansion of classification of behaviour disorders occurring in the absence of a specific psychiatric disorder.
Application of DC-LD to an intellectual disability population
- Authors:
- TULLY John, SCHIRLIU Diana, MORAN Maria
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 6(5), 2012, pp.259-264.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
The Diagnostic Criteria for Psychiatric Disorders for Use with Adults with Learning Disabilities/Mental Retardation (DC-LD), introduced in 2003, was designed to improve accuracy of diagnosis in individuals with intellectual disability. An Irish study aimed to investigate its usefulness in a clinical setting. It involved interviews and review of chart notes with a sample of 50 patients within an intellectual disability service. This article describes the study methodology and results, and discusses the findings. It reports that there was considerable discrepancy between the rates of psychiatric diagnoses after application of DC-LD and rates of previously documented diagnoses within the sample, and that use of DC-LD led to the reclassification of many previously documented diagnoses, mainly as behavioural disorders. It concludes that the study adds to the evidence regarding the usefulness of the criteria, and highlights the shortcomings of non-systematic methods of diagnosis.