Search results for ‘Subject term:"conduct disorders"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 16
Paternal ADHD symptoms and child conduct problems: is father involvement always beneficial?
- Authors:
- ROMIROWSKY A.M., CHRONIS-TUSCANO A.
- Journal article citation:
- Child: Care, Health and Development, 40(5), 2014, pp.706-714.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This cross-sectional study examined the extent to which paternal involvement in childrearing moderated the association between paternal ADHD symptoms and child conduct problems among 37 children with ADHD and their biological fathers. Neither paternal ADHD symptoms nor involvement was independently associated with child conduct problems. However, the interaction between paternal ADHD symptoms and involvement was significant, such that paternal ADHD symptoms were positively associated with child conduct problems only when fathers were highly involved in childrearing.The presence of adult ADHD symptoms may determine whether father involvement in childrearing has a positive or detrimental influence on comorbid child conduct problems. (Edited publisher abstract)
Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) - its relevance to forensic adolescent services
- Author:
- GRALTON Ernest
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 5(3), 2014, pp.124-137.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: There needs to be an increased recognition of foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) in services that deal with young people with disruptive and offending behaviour, not just those services that deal with adolescents with a recognised intellectual disability. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach: This is a general review of the current available evidence on FASD and how it is likely to predispose affected young people to have contact with secure mental health services and the criminal justice system. Findings: FASD is likely to have become a more common cause of intellectual disability and behavioural disturbance but the history of significant alcohol exposure in utero if often missed. There is evidence that the hyperactivity is less responsive to psychotropic medication and may represent a different condition to conventional ADHD. However the majority of those affected are in the low normal IQ range. Research limitations/implications: There is so far very limited research in what is likely to be a relatively common disorder with significant costs to criminal justice, mental healthcare and social services. Epidemiological information from the UK is lacking and urgently needed. Practical implications: Professionals who work with mentally disordered young people need to be more aware of FASD and its potential contribution to the problems and disabilities in their population. Social implications: Social workers, foster carers and adoptive parents need to be more aware of FASD and how it can contribute to the breakdown of social care. Originality/value: There is currently no other review of FASD and the implications for criminal justice, secure mental health and social care for young people. (Edited publisher abstract)
Avoidance symptom presentation of preschoolers exposed to intimate partner violence in a group therapy setting
- Authors:
- GALANO Maria M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Care in Practice, 20(4), 2014, pp.399-414.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious problem for children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV). Recent changes to diagnostic criteria for PTSD include a reduction in avoidance symptom criteria from three to one and the separation of emotional numbing from avoidance symptoms, thus creating a need to better understand how avoidance symptoms of PTSD present themselves in young children. This study evaluated 56 children aged four to six as they participated in an intervention for mothers and children exposed to IPV. Therapists documented behaviours indicative of avoidance symptoms during group sessions. Data were analysed and coded into symptom categories and thematically emergent domains. Results demonstrated that avoidance symptoms fell into three separate categories: physical avoidance, emotional avoidance, and changing topics. Additionally, the data support the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition) change to remove emotional numbing from the avoidance symptom category. These results give insight into how to develop more targeted treatments for PTSD as well as improve the assessment and diagnosis of PTSD symptoms in preschoolers. (Publisher abstract)
Developmental pathways from childhood conduct problems to early adult depression: findings from the ALSPAC cohort
- Authors:
- STRINGARIS Argyris, LEWIS Glyn, MAUGHAN Barbara
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 205(1), 2014, pp.17-23.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Aims: This study examines developmental pathways from early-life conduct problems to young adult depression at age 18. Method: Data (n = 3542) came from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Previously derived conduct problem trajectories (ages 4-13 years) were used to examine associations with depression from ages 10 to 18 years, and the role of early childhood factors as potential confounders. Results: Over 43% of young adults with depression in the ALSPAC cohort had a history of child or adolescent conduct problems. The association between conduct problems and depression at age 18 was considerable even after adjusting for prior depression. Early-onset persistent conduct problems carried the highest risk for later depression. Irritability characterised depression for those with a history of conduct problems. Conclusions: Early-life conduct problems are robustly associated with later depressive disorder and may be useful targets for early intervention. (Edited publisher abstract)
Mental health and barriers to employment
- Author:
- McART Dervala
- Journal article citation:
- Probation Journal, 61(1), 2014, pp.85-87.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This report explores the numerous barriers to employment of people with experience of mental health conditions − namely discriminatory attitudes of employers, low expectations of health professionals and ineffective models of supported employment. The report highlights that in February 2013, over 724,000 people were claiming employment and support allowance because of mental and behavioural disorders. The report evidences that many of these people want to work and would like more help to return to employment, but they are lacking the necessary support from employers and health professionals, and are facing barriers created by employment models. (Publisher abstract)
Moving beyond the ASBO? A review of the proposed anti-social behaviour measures and their implications for children
- Author:
- WIGZELL Alexandra
- Journal article citation:
- Safer Communities, 13(2), 2014, pp.73-82.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to explore the anti-social behaviour (ASB) measures for under-18s contained in the Anti-social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Bill, examining how they differ from the current ASB framework and their likely implications for young people and society. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on desk-based research of the proposed and existing ASB measures. It also draws on the author's experience as a parliamentary campaigner on the Bill for the Standing Committee for Youth Justice. Findings: The paper finds that there is little difference in the substance of the proposed and existing ASB measures for under-18s. The key change of note is that the new powers will be easier and quicker to obtain, which is likely to be particularly counterproductive for children and young people. Originality/value: This paper will be valuable to practitioners seeking to understand the new ASB proposals and their likely implications for practice and society. (Publisher abstract)
Wanting the best for my children: parents' voices
- Authors:
- KHAN Lorraine, CENTRE FOR MENTAL HEALTH
- Publisher:
- Centre for Mental Health
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 32
- Place of publication:
- London
One child in five has behavioural problems that can affect future life chances, while 5% of children have the most severe behavioural problems, known as conduct disorder. Prevalence rates are twice as high among boys as girls, and are higher among children from disadvantaged backgrounds. This report is part of a wider programme of work that builds on learning from the study, ‘A chance to change’ (Centre for Mental Health, 2012). CMH talked to 44 parents – six fathers and 38 mothers - in four areas of England: The majority had attended parenting programmes. Thirteen were parents facing multiple difficulties or whose children had some behavioural problems, but who were reluctant to or had not attended parenting programmes. Just under a quarter were parents from Black and minority ethnic (BME) communities. The report focuses on the parents’ perceptions and experiences of child behavioural problems, and documents their routes to, perspectives of, and reservations about local evidence-based parenting programmes and other support offered. In particular, it investigated what prompted, delayed or prevented parents from seeking help. Lastly, it explored what helped parents engage with programmes, and their experiences of the benefits of being a parent attending such groups. (Edited publisher abstract)
Serious case review overview report in respect of ADS: born 15th June 1994: died 24th January 2012
- Author:
- JOHNSTON Glenys
- Publisher:
- Derbyshire Safeguarding Children Board
- Publication year:
- 2014
- Pagination:
- 34
- Place of publication:
- Derby
ADS was found on January 20 2012 with a ligature around his neck in his cell at HMP Hindley Youth Offender Institute, where he had been detained. He died on January 24 2012. ADS had been diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and conduct disorder. Other risk factors included: previous anti-social behaviour and aggression; school exclusion; and domestic abuse in the family home. Highlights learning points, including: the need for a multi-agency approach to the management of ADHD and children with complex needs; the continued importance of all agencies reporting and exploring the impact of domestic abuse on children; and the need for all agencies to accept responsibility for convening multi-agency meetings for vulnerable children and young people. (Original abstract)
‘Troubled Families’ Programme in England: ‘wicked problems’ and policy-based evidence
- Authors:
- HAYDEN Carol, JENKINS Craig
- Journal article citation:
- Policy Studies, 35(6), 2014, pp.631-649.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article outlines and critiques a key area of contemporary social policy in England: the Troubled Families Programme, launched in 2011. This is a national programme which aims to ‘turn around’ the lives of the 120,000 most troubled families in England by 2015. Troubled families are characterised as those who ‘have’ problems and ‘cause’ problems to those around them. Troubled Families can be viewed as a ‘wicked problem’ in the sense that the issues surrounding these families tend to be reconceptualised regularly and re-solved differently, depending on changes in government. The article critically reviews the evidence base for the overall approach of the programme and the way the scale and nature of the issue is understood. It debates whether this is a case of evidence-based policy or policy-based evidence. Early indications are that behavioural change is likely to be achieved in some families (increased school attendance, reductions in anti-social behaviour and crime), but that addressing worklessness (a key focus of the programme) presents the biggest challenge. An even bigger challenge is helping families to find work that will move them out of poverty. The article draws on ongoing research in two contrasting local authorities implementing the programme. (Publisher abstract)
A trust-based home intervention for special-needs adopted children: a case study
- Author:
- McKENZIE L.Brooks
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 23(6), 2014, pp.633-651.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Research on the effects of abuse, neglect, and other traumas in early childhood has consistently demonstrated severe deficits that can be prevalent across the life span. Costs associated with addressing such deficits in special-needs children can strain families and are an immense financial burden to society. Trust-Based Relational Intervention® is an intervention modality that targets the attachment system as part of a dynamic system of development. This article Presents is a summary of the costs of addressing the sequelae of childhood abuse and neglect, a brief overview of Trust-Based Relational Intervention, and a case study demonstrating the efficacy of this intervention with an adopted special-needs child in a home-based setting. (Edited publisher abstract)