Search results for ‘Subject term:"comorbidity"’ Sort:
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Examining service complexity in children with intellectual disability and mental health problems who receive inpatient or outpatient services
- Authors:
- LAPSHINA Natalia, STEWART Shannon L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability, 44(4), 2019, pp.464-473.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Background: This study examined predictors of service complexity in children with comorbid intellectual developmental disorder (IDD) and mental health concerns. The research examined whether patient type, safety risk, exposure to trauma, and family dysfunction were related to service complexity. Method: The study had a cross-sectional design, wherein trained clinicians assessed 330 outpatient and inpatient children with IDD and mental health problems using an interRAI ChYMH-DD instrument. Results: Inpatients experienced a greater prevalence of abandonment by caregiver than outpatients. The patient type defined relationships between age, family dysfunction, safety risk, cumulative trauma, and service complexity. Specifically, in a multivariate model, older age, higher family dysfunction, higher safety risk, and higher cumulative trauma predicted higher service complexity in outpatients but not inpatients. Conclusions: In addition to older age, poly-victimisation, family dysfunction, and safety risk need to be considered when predicting service complexity in this population. (Edited publisher abstract)
Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders: a meta-analysis
- Authors:
- VAN STEENSEL Francisca J. A., BÖGELS Susan M., PERRIN Sean
- Journal article citation:
- Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 14(3), September 2011, pp.302-317.
- Publisher:
- Springer US
Meta-analysis of data from 17 studies revealed that 40% of young people with autistic spectrum disorders have comorbid anxiety disorders; the prevalence of specific anxiety disorder subtypes are also reported. There was a high degree of heterogeneity between studies. Some significant moderating effects were identified but caution is urged in interpreting the results. A number of limitations are discussed including the use of instruments to assess anxiety that were designed to be used in typically developing children.
Using a community participatory research approach to understand satisfaction with psychopharmacology among families of children with psychiatric co-morbidities
- Author:
- HACKER Karen
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 28(1), February 2011, pp.63-78.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The Parent/Professional Advocacy League of Massachusetts (PAL), representing families of children with mental health needs, collaborated with researchers on a community-based participatory research (CBPR) study to find out how parents of children with psychiatric co-morbidities perceive their children’s use of psychiatric medication. A questionnaire assessed satisfaction with psychiatric medication as it pertained to children with psychiatric co-morbidities (n = 212). Satisfied parents were likely to employ alternative therapies and feel that prescribers had informed them about medication use and side effects. Results reinforce the need for prescribers to discuss psychopharmacology with families.
Evidence-based assessment of child obsessive compulsive disorder: recommendations for clinical practice and treatment research
- Authors:
- LEWIN Adam B., PIACENTINI John
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Care Forum, 39(2), April 2010, pp.73-89.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The aim of this article is to provide an overview of research-supported approaches for assessment of young people with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) relevant to both research and clinical applications. The article covers pre-visit screening, establishing the diagnosis of OCD, differential diagnosis, assessment of comorbid psychiatric conditions, assessment of OCD severity, determining psychosocial and adaptive functioning, and evaluating treatment outcome and tracking progress. It also discusses assessment in the context of therapy. The authors note that assessment procedures differ depending on whether the child presents for a research study or clinical intake, but that as practitioners increasingly integrate evidence-based approaches the division between assessment approaches is diminishing.
Snap shot: achieving better care through a one-page personal health profile
- Authors:
- ASTON Megan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Intellectual Disabilities, 25(2), 2021, pp.230-241.
- Publisher:
- Sage
- Place of publication:
- London
Children with intellectual disabilities (IDs) can have complex health conditions that require intense and ongoing care management by multiple healthcare professionals (HCPs). Families often experience frustrations and challenges sharing necessary information about their children’s unique emotional and communicative needs with HCPs. In turn, these needs are often poorly documented and shared with other HCPs. This contributes to compromised care and frustrations for families and HCPs. We conducted a qualitative study using focus groups to examine how 10 parents and 3 HCPs experienced provision of care for children with ID, as well as their suggestions for developing a one-page personal health profile (PHP) to improve communication. Parents suggested including behavioural descriptors rather than diagnoses. All participants believed a one-page PHP that was child and parent led would be very helpful and would improve communication between HCPs, parents and children leading to effective and supportive care. (Edited publisher abstract)
The challenges of caring for children who require complex medical care at home: ‘the go between for everyone is the parent and as the parent that’s an awful lot of responsibility’
- Authors:
- PAGE Bethan F., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health Expectations, 23(5), 2020, pp.1144-1154. Online only
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Increasing numbers of children with complex health‐care needs are cared for at home by their family. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the challenges experienced by families caring for children who need complex medical care at home. Methods: We conducted a thematic analysis of eleven in‐depth interviews with parents who carry out specialist medical procedures (eg, enteral feeding, bowel washouts and tracheostomy care) for their children at home. Participants were purposely selected from an existing sample of interviews with parents whose child had abdominal surgery in the first year of life. Results: We identified three overarching themes: (a) responsibilities of the parent, (b) impact on daily life and (c) the parent journey over time. Parents have substantial responsibilities, including performing medical procedures, managing emergencies (sometimes life‐threatening), co‐ordinating care and advocating for their child. Their responsibilities have an enormous impact on the family: going out of the home becomes a challenge, there are constant constraints on time, parents are sleep‐deprived and there are wider impacts on siblings. The third theme explores the parent journey over time as parents become experts and make sense of the new normal. Discussion: The burden of care on families caring for children with complex medical needs is much greater than is generally understood by either multidisciplinary health‐care teams or the general public. Families need to be better prepared and supported for the responsibilities they take on and the burden of care needs to be shared by others. (Edited publisher abstract)
Impact of multiple co‐occurring emotional and behavioural conditions on children with autism and their families
- Authors:
- DOVGAN Kristen, MAZUREK Micah O.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 32(4), 2019, pp.967-980.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Background: Comorbid conditions are very common in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and can affect school performance, adaptive skills and peer relationships. Comorbid conditions place strain on the family as well as the individual with ASD. This project aimed to determine the affect of comorbid conditions over and above child and family characteristics. Methods: The present authors examined 3,055 cases of children with ASD who had varying numbers of comorbid conditions (i.e., ADHD, depression, anxiety or behaviour problems). Results: Multiple comorbid conditions did have a unique impact on difficulties accessing services. A greater number of comorbid conditions impacted daily activity participation, but not a family's receipt of mental health care or respite, work changes or number of weekly hours dedicated to caring for a child with ASD. Conclusions: Families, practitioners, paraprofessionals and educators of children with autism should address comorbid conditions to ensure both child and family well‐being. (Edited publisher abstract)
Childhood cognitive function and adult psychopathology: associations with psychotic and non-psychotic symptoms in the general population
- Authors:
- BARNETT Jennifer H., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 201(2), August 2012, pp.124-130.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Lower childhood cognitive ability is associated with increased risk of future schizophrenia, but its relationship with adult psychotic experiences is less understood. This study aimed to investigate whether this childhood risk factor is shared with adult psychiatric phenotypes including psychotic-like experiences and general psychiatric morbidity. A population-based sample of participants born in Great Britain during 1 week in March 1946 was contacted up to 20 times between ages 6 weeks and 53 years. Cognition was assessed at ages 8, 11 and 15 years. At age 53 years, psychotic-like experiences were self-reported by 2,918 participants. Findings revealed that psychotic experiences were encountered 22% of participants, and were highly comorbid with other psychopathology. Their presence in adults was significantly associated with poorer childhood cognitive test scores at ages 8 and 15 years. The authors concluded that lower childhood cognitive ability was a risk factor for psychotic-like experiences in mid-life.
Prevalence of anxiety disorder in children and young people with intellectual disabilities and autism
- Authors:
- GOBRIAL Ereny, RAGHAVAN Raghu
- Journal article citation:
- Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disabilities, 6(3), 2012, pp.130-140.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Anxiety disorder has frequently been reported in association with intellectual disabilities and autism in children and young people; comorbidity may increase this susceptibility further. However this belief that children and young people with intellectual disabilities and autism may experience symptoms of anxiety at a greater level than the general population is not supported with research
Children in psychodynamic psychotherapy: changes in global functioning
- Authors:
- ODHAMMER Fredrik, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Child Psychotherapy, 37(3), December 2011, pp.261-279.
- Publisher:
- Routledge
The aim of this study was to investigate if children's global functioning improves after psychodynamic psychotherapy. Data were collected as part of the Erica Process and Outcome Study. The sample consisted of 33 children aged 5-10 years who participated in psychodynamic psychotherapy with parallel work with parents. Twenty-nine children had at least one DSM-IV diagnosis, the most frequent of which were attention disorder and disruptive behaviour, and 15 children had comorbid conditions. The child was given 1 or 2 psychotherapy sessions per week from between 6 months to 2.5 years. Parents were expected to participate in their own psychotherapy at least once fortnightly. Child psychotherapists rated the children's global functioning using the measures the Children’s Global Assessment Scale (CGAS) and the Hampstead Child Adaption Measure (HCAM). The findings showed that the children’s global functioning improved substantially. However, no correlations were found between global functioning and different variables including age, gender, diagnosis, or number of sessions. In order to illuminate the complex connection between process and outcome, the study was complemented with 2 in-depth case studies where data were taken from questionnaires, completed by the child therapists every 3rd month. The analysis showed that important individual change, for example, attainment of formulated goals, was not always reflected in the change rated using the CGAS.