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National programme for improving mental health and well-being small research projects initiative 2006: accessing the mental health support worker service in Wester Hailes: exploring issues of accessibility to a service for people with co-morbid problems
- Authors:
- ROBERTSON A, STENHOUSE R
- Publisher:
- Scotland. Scottish Government
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 2p.
- Place of publication:
- Edinburgh
The aim of the study was to explore the issues of accessibility to the Mental Health Support Worker (MHSW) service in Wester Hailes in order to facilitate the development of the service to meet the needs of the community. The views of clients and those who make referrals to the service were sought. Two methods of data collection were used: postal questionnaires and interviews.
Comparative survey of comorbidities in people with learning disability with and without epilepsy
- Authors:
- PAWAR Deepak, AKUFFO Emmanuel O.
- Journal article citation:
- Psychiatric Bulletin, 32(6), June 2008, pp.224-226.
- Publisher:
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
Seeks to ascertain the prevalence of epilepsy and understand the differences in the comorbidities of non-epileptic and epileptic patients with learning disabilities. A simple comparative survey was undertaken between the two main groups of patients: non-epileptic and epileptic. The prevalence of epilepsy in the study group was 30%. A total of 70% of patients with any type of challenging behaviour were in the non-epileptic group compared with 59% in the epileptic group. Depression was the most common diagnosis in both groups, being slightly more in the non-epileptic group. Our study suggests that there is no association between epilepsy and the prevalence of challenging behaviour of psychiatric conditions within the learning disabilities population.
Hospitalisation for cancer and co-morbidities among people with learning disability in Australia
- Authors:
- SULLIVAN Sheena G., HUSSAIN Rafat
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Learning Disabilities, 36(3), September 2008, pp.191-197.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
In Australia, general health and medical services are subsidised by the government. This includes care for people with disabilities, screening and diagnostic services for common diseases, including cancer, and care and treatment for various medical conditions. In Western Australia, the majority of state-provided health services are well documented in linkable databases. Data from a large cohort of people receiving services for learning disability from the state were examined and this was linked with the state cancer registry and hospital records. While people with learning disability appear to be at similar risk for cancer, they may have poorer treatment outcomes as they already experience a range of health conditions which can exacerbate medical complications associated with treatment and/or other primary or secondary co-morbid conditions. The results show that the mean number of hospital admissions were higher for the cancer group, even when adjustments were made for conditions such as childhood leukaemia and renal dialysis both of which often require frequent hospitalisations. Multivariate regression analyses showed that younger age, female sex and severe or unspecified level of disability were significant contributors to the frequency of hospital admissions. Qualitative information gleaned from detailed chart reviews showed that in addition to considerable morbidity, some patients were admitted repeatedly either because of lack of supportive environments and/or lack of compliance with treatment. Issues in providing appropriate support services for individuals and their carers are discussed.
Coordination of care for homeless individuals with comorbid severe mental disorders and substance-related disorders
- Authors:
- KARPER Laurence, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Dual Diagnosis, 4(2), 2008, pp.142-157.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Homeless people are frequently diagnosed with both psychiatric symptoms and substance use disorders, but services for them are often provided in a fragmented and uncoordinated manner. This paper evaluates a care coordination programme for dual diagnosis patients by comparing 50 patients enrolled on the programme with 50 patients receiving standard treatment. Clinical outcomes were measured using the Hamilton Depression Scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome scale, BASIS-32, service utilisation and alcohol use. The findings suggest that care coordination is a relatively low intensity but promising intervention that may improve the clinical outlook for homeless dual diagnosis patients. (Copies of this article are available from: Haworth Document Delivery Centre, Haworth Press Inc., 10 Alice Street, Binghamton, NY 13904-1580).
Continuity, comorbidity and longitudinal associations between depression and antisocial behaviour in middle adolescence: a 2-year prospective follow-up study
- Authors:
- RITAKALLIO Rita, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Adolescence, 31(3), June 2008, pp.355-370.
- Publisher:
- Academic Press
The study investigated continuity, comorbidity and longitudinal associations between depression Beck depression inventory (RBDI) and antisocial behaviour Youth self-report (YSR) in middle adolescence. Data were used from a community sample of 2070 adolescents who participated in a 2-year prospective follow-up study. The results indicate that both depression and antisocial behaviour had considerable continuity, and concurrent comorbidity between these disorders was strong. In contrast to several previous studies, antisocial behaviour did not predict subsequent depression, but conversely, depression predicted subsequent antisocial behaviour among girls. Among boys history of depression seemed to protect from subsequent antisocial behaviour. Gender differences in longitudinal associations
The Northern Ireland early onset psychosis study: phenomenology and co-morbidity in the first 25 cases
- Authors:
- FULTON Karen, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Care in Practice, 14(2), April 2008, pp.207-216.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Diagnosing psychotic disorders in young people is difficult. High rates of co-morbidity may be one reason for this difficulty, but it may also be the case that current diagnostic categories are not the most useful when approaching the care of young people with psychotic symptoms. The Northern Ireland Early Onset Psychosis Study is the first study to investigate psychotic disorders in children and adolescents in this region. Young people presenting with psychotic symptoms with onset before their 18th birthday were prospectively ascertained over a three-year period (2001-2004). Those who provided informed consent were subject to a diagnostic interview using the Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia—Present and Lifetime Version. Twenty-five young people have completed the full assessment process to date. Ten young people met criteria for schizophrenia, 11 for affective psychosis, two for schizoaffective disorder and two for schizophreniform disorder. Twenty-one (80%) subjects also fulfilled criteria for at least one other DSM-IV diagnosis. In conclusion, whilst all subjects met criteria for one or other psychotic disorder, co-morbidity was common in this clinical sample. Greater awareness of the difficulties encountered when trying to reach a diagnosis in this age group may help to improve treatment outcomes.
Posttraumatic stress and co-morbidity following myocardial infarction among older patients: the role of coping
- Authors:
- CHUNG M. C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 12(1), January 2008, pp.124-133.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This study aimed to investigate co-morbidity and coping strategies among older patients who suffer from different levels of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following myocardial infarction. Ninety-six older myocardial infarction (MI) patients were recruited from two general practices and completed the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale (PDS), the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and the COPE Scale. Ninety-two older patients with no previous MI experience constituted the control. Using the PDS, 30, 42 and 28% had full, partial and no-PTSD respectively. There were significant differences between the patient groups and the control on all GHQ-28 sub-scales. Significant differences were also identified between the patient groups in the following coping strategies: seeking emotional social support, suppression of competing activities, restraint coping, focusing on and venting of emotion, mental and behavioural disengagement. Controlling for bypass surgery, previous mental health difficulties, angioplasty, heart failure and angina, MANCOVA results did not change the overall results of the GHQ-28 but changed the results of coping in that seeking emotional social support and behavioural disengagement stopped being significant. Coping was a partial mediator between different levels of post-MI PTSD and co-morbidity. Depending on the severity of PTSD symptoms, co-morbidity and coping strategies can vary among older patients. Older patients with full-PTSD tend to use both maladaptive coping strategies as well as problem-focused coping.
Mental–physical comorbidity in an ethnically diverse population
- Authors:
- SCOTT Kate, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 66(5), March 2008, pp.1165-1173.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
... they are either unaffected by the cultural differences manifest in these ethnic groups, or, any cultural factors operating serve to both increase and decrease comorbidity such that they cancel each other out.
Adaption the Incredible Years child dinosaur social, emotional, and problem-solving intervention to address comorbid diagnoses
- Authors:
- WEBSTER-STRATTON Carolyn, REID J. Jamila
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Children's Services, 3(3), November 2008, pp.17-30.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Young children who are referred to mental health agencies because of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct problems (CP) frequently have comorbid diagnoses or symptoms such as attention deficit disorder (ADD) with or without hyperactivity (ADHD), language/learning and developmental, or autism spectrum disorders. Research has show that the Incredible Years Child Dinosaur programme offered to children with comorbid issues is successful at reducing behaviour problems and increasing social and emotional competence. This article examines the was the Incredible Years Child Dinosaur programme is tailored to address the individual goals of each child so that the intervention is developmentally and therapeutically appropriate. It discusses group composition, as well as the importance of specific content and teaching methods for children with ADHD, academic and language delays and mild autism.