Search results for ‘Subject term:"cognitive impairment"’ Sort:
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Cognitive reserve in elderly and its connection with cognitive performance: a systematic review
- Authors:
- FARINA Marianne, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing International, 43(4), 2018, pp.496-507.
- Publisher:
- Springer
- Place of publication:
- New York
The cognitive reserve may delay impairments in the normal aging process, improving the resilience in cognitive functioning. The main objective of this study was to investigate, through a systematic review, which variables form the cognitive reserve. Furthermore, the association between the cognitive reserve and the cognitive functioning was also verified. Three judges searched for articles in PsycINFO, Pubmed and Scopus databases. The Cochrane recommendations, which offer directions for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, were utilized. Six surveys were gathered following the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Studies indicate that gender, age, individual’s education, parents’ education, profession, reading activity, social engagement and humor are the main variables of the cognitive reserve. Education was the most assessed variable in the studies, followed by profession. It was concluded that the main cognitive reserve variable is education and that there is a significant correlation with a healthy cognitive maturation in the elderly. (Edited publisher abstract)
The relationship between age and neurocognitive and daily functioning in adults with hoarding disorder
- Authors:
- DOZIER Mary E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(12), 2016, pp.1329-1336.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: Given the increase in hoarding symptoms with age, there is a pressing need for understanding the clinical features as they relate to potential interventions for older adults with hoarding disorder (HD). The aim of the current investigation was to explore age-related differences in the level of functional and cognitive impairment in individuals with HD. Methods: The current study utilized the baseline assessments of 122 adults with HD. Age-related differences in the raw scores of psychiatric, cognitive, and daily functioning were analyzed using a series of multiple regression models controlling for the possible age-related differences in premorbid IQ. Results: The results suggested that older adults with HD may experience increased levels of impairment in skills related to executive functioning and everyday functioning when compared with younger adults with HD. Conclusions: Given these difficulties with neurocognitive functioning, older HD patients may require interventions that focus more on behavioural and functional skills, rather than focusing on changing thought processes. (Edited publisher abstract)
Mild cognitive impairment: international perspectives
- Editors:
- TUOKKO Holly A., HULTSCH David F., (eds.)
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Publication year:
- 2006
- Pagination:
- 319p.
- Place of publication:
- New York
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) has been identified as an important clinical transition between normal aging and the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Since treatments for AD are most likely to be most effective early in the course of the disease, MCI has become a topic of great importance and has been investigated in different populations of interest in many countries. This book brings together these differing perspectives on MCI for the first time. This volume provides a comprehensive resource for clinicians, researchers, and students involved in the study, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation of people with MCI. Clinical investigators initially defined mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as a transitional condition between normal aging and the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Because the prevalence of AD increases with age and very large numbers of older adults are affected worldwide, these clinicians saw a pressing need to identify AD as early as possible. It is at this very early stage in the disease course that treatments to slow the progress and control symptoms are likely to be most effective. Since the first introduction of MCI, research interest has grown exponentially, and the utility of the concept has been investigated from a variety of perspectives in different populations of interest (e.g., clinical samples, volunteers, population-based screening) in many different countries. Much variability in findings has resulted. Although it has been acknowledged that the differences observed between samples may be ‘legitimate variations’, there has been no attempt to understand what it is we have learned about MCI (i.e., common features and differences) from each of these perspectives.This book brings together information about MCI in different populations from around the world. Mild Cognitive Impairment will be an important resource for any clinician, researcher, or student involved in the study, detection, treatment, and rehabilitation of people with MCI.
Health and ageing: guidelines for depression: report of a consensus group meeting held on 13th October 1999 at the Royal Geographical Society, London, UK
- Authors:
- RASNUSSEN Jill, et al
- Publisher:
- Health and Ageing
- Publication year:
- 2000
- Pagination:
- 7p.
- Place of publication:
- London
Tthe numbers of older people with cognitive impairment and associated depression will rise significantly over the next 30 years. The implication is that there is a need to develop, and make widely available, better treatments to slow down the progressive decline .
A typical week with mild cognitive impairment
- Authors:
- RENN Brenna N, WOOL Jenny L, BELZA Basia
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 61(7), 2021, pp.1095-1106.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Background and Objectives: Identifying the experience of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may help develop research agendas, interventions, and other supports to better match individuals’ needs. The purpose of this study was to explore the subjective experience of a “typical week” living with MCI to document (a) important activities, (b) barriers to usual activities, and (c) facilitators and supports. Research Design and Methods: This study conducted remote individual photo-elicitation interviews with 11 community-dwelling adults aged 55 years or older with MCI. Participants each provided 5–10 photographs of daily life taken over 1 week to facilitate a semistructured qualitative interview. Interview transcriptions were coded in Dedoose software and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results: Participants shared photos and narratives highlighting the important activities in a typical week, in which physical activity, social engagement, spiritual and religious practice, hobbies, and cognitive stimulation were central. Many also shared disruptions to former routines and reduction of activities alongside increased use of new strategies and environmental supports (e.g., calendars, smartphones). Finally, emergent themes centered on disclosure of their diagnosis and reflections about the future. Discussion and Implications: Participant-generated images aided data collection and facilitated discussion of sensitive topics with individuals with MCI. Such narratives may illustrate the needs and opportunities to promote well-being in individuals with MCI, including engagement in meaningful and health-promoting activities, assessing barriers to important daily activities, and considering supports that match the experience and needs of those with MCI. (Edited publisher abstract)
Persistent depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in older adults
- Authors:
- ZHENG Fanfan, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 213(5), 2018, pp.638-644.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Background: Little is known about the effect of persistent depressive symptoms on the trajectory of cognitive decline. Aims: The authors aimed to investigate the longitudinal association between the duration of depressive symptoms and subsequent cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up period. Method: The English Longitudinal Study of Ageing cohort is a prospective and nationally representative cohort of men and women living in England aged ≥50 years. 7610 participants with two assessments of depressive symptoms at wave 1 (2002–2003) and wave 2 (2004–2005), cognitive data at wave 2 and at least one reassessment of cognitive function (wave 3 to wave 7, 2006–2007 to 2014–2015), were examined. Results: The mean age of the 7610 participants was 65.2 ± 10.1 years, and 57.0% were women. Of these, 1157 (15.2%) participants had episodic depressive symptoms and 525 participants (6.9%) had persistent depressive symptoms. Compared with participants without depressive symptoms at wave 1 and wave 2, the multivariable-adjusted rates of global cognitive decline associated with episodic depressive symptoms and persistent depressive symptoms were faster by –0.065 points/year (95% CI –0.129 to –0.000) and –0.141 points/year (95% CI –0.236 to –0.046), respectively (P for trend < 0.001). Similarly, memory, executive and orientation function also declined faster with increasing duration of depressive symptoms (all P for trend < 0.05). Conclusions: The results demonstrated that depressive symptoms were significantly associated with subsequent cognitive decline over a 10-year follow-up period. Cumulative exposure of long-term depressive symptoms in elderly individuals could predict accelerated subsequent cognitive decline in a dose-response pattern. (Edited publisher abstract)
Managing ageing and cognitive decline: challenges and opportunities for financial services: report on World Economic Forum (WEF) Global Agenda Council on Ageing Symposium
- Author:
- AGE UK
- Publisher:
- Age UK
- Publication year:
- 2016
- Pagination:
- 26
- Place of publication:
- London
This report summarises the second symposium of the WEF Global Agenda Council on Ageing on the implications of ageing and cognitive decline for financial services, which was hosted by Age UK in London, 3-4 February 2016. The presentations, panel discussions and workshops covered: the particular challenges and opportunities of Japan’s ageing society; cognitive vulnerability and resilience in later life; how ageing and dementia affect the capacity to manage money; challenges and opportunities for financial services; building resilience and reducing risk; changing technologies in financial services: opportunity or threat for people with cognitive decline; financial planning for an uncertain future; and how people living with cognitive decline can remain financially included. (Edited publisher abstract)
The double burden of age and disease on cognition and quality of life in bipolar disorder
- Authors:
- WEISENBACK Sara L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 29(9), 2014, pp.952-961.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objective: Bipolar disorder (BPD) and normal aging are known to impact cognitive skills and health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study investigated how ageing and disease interact in predicting cognitive and psychosocial outcomes. Methods: Eight cognitive and ten subjective HRQOL domain ratings were measured. Subjects included 80 young (18–29 years) and late middle-aged (50–65 years) BPD patients in the euthymic phase and 70 age-equivalent healthy comparison participants. Results: An age X disease interaction was detected in three domains of cognitive functioning that reflect emotion processing, processing speed, and executive functioning skills, with BPD patients in the older group performing most poorly. There was a double burden of ageing and disease on reported ability to perform physical tasks. However, regardless of age, disease status was associated with lower ratings of HRQOL in the psychosocial/affective sphere and the majority of cognitive domains. Post hoc analyses revealed that number of years ill was positively associated with select HRQOL ratings in older, but not younger BPD adults. Conclusions: These findings may stimulate future longitudinal study of cognition and quality of life in BPD patients across the life span, focusing on additive and interactive effects of aging and disease burden, which could culminate in developing more effective treatment and rehabilitation strategies for this traditionally challenging to treat population. (Publisher abstract)
Neurocognitive profiles in older adults with and without major depression
- Authors:
- FISCHER Corinne, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 23(8), August 2008, pp.851-856.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
To delineate the differences between older persons with and without a diagnosis of major depression participants were recruited from three outpatient clinics serving older patients at St Michael's Hospital. To be included in the study, participants had to speak English and have no evidence of significant sensory deficits that would interfere with neuropsychological testing. Participants were excluded if they had active delirium, active CNS disease (including dementia), active substance abuse, unstable medical disease, recent ECT treatment and a current/past diagnosis of a psychotic disorder. The diagnosis of major depression was made by qualified professionals in accordance with established guidelines. Participants were administered structured measures assessing global cognition, medical co-morbidity, subjective memory complaints, mood and detailed neurocognitive testing evaluating working memory, attention and speed of processing. Differences between depressed and non-depressed subjects with respect to these measures were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Thirty-six participants were included in this study. The depressed (n = 17) and non-depressed (n = 19) groups were well matched in terms of age, education, medical co-morbidity and mini-mental state exam (MMSE) score. While the depressed subgroup had significantly higher subjective memory, language and cognitive complaints, there were no significant differences observed between the two subgroups on measures of memory and learning, attention and speed of information processing, fine motor dexterity and verbal fluency. This study suggests that while significant depressive symptoms are strongly associated with increased cognitive complaints, they are not associated necessarily with objective cognitive impairment.
Cognitive impairment in elderly patients with schizophrenia: age related changes
- Author:
- HARVEY Philip D.
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 16(S1), December 2001, pp.78-85.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is a major feature of the illness, however it has not been studied extensively in older patients. This article provides an overview of the research in this area looking specifically at: comparisons of good and poor outcome; age effects of on cognition in poor outcome patients; the course of cognitive and functional deficits in late life; and evidence regarding progressive decline in individual patients with schizophrenia.