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Numbers of working carers whose employment is ‘at risk’ in England
- Authors:
- KING Derek, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research Policy and Planning, 31(1), 2014, pp.29-42.
- Publisher:
- Social Services Research Group
Recent evidence suggests that a key threshold at which carers in England are at risk of leaving employment occurs when unpaid care is provided for 10 or more hours a week, a lower threshold than previously thought. Previous studies had shown that providing care for 20 or more hours a week had a negative effect on employment. One implication is that there are more working carers whose employment is at risk than previously thought. This paper aims to estimate the numbers of working carers whose employment is at risk because they provide care for 10 or more hours a week. A subsidiary aim is to estimate the numbers of working carers providing care for 10 or more hours a week to someone in a private household. Using the 2011 Population Census, Understanding Society (2010/11) and the Survey of Carers in Households (2009/10), we find that there are approximately 790,000 working carers aged 16-64 whose employment is at risk because they provide care for 10 or more hours a week. Of these, approximately 735,000 provide care to someone in a private household. There are nearly a quarter of a million more carers whose employment is at risk than previously thought. (Publisher abstract)
Experience of burden in carers of people with dementia on the margins of long-term care
- Authors:
- SUTCLIFFE Caronline L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 31(2), 2016, pp.101-108.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Objectives: This study aimed to identify the factors determining carer burden in a group of carers supporting people with dementia (PwD) deemed to be at high risk of moving to long-term residential or nursing home care. Design: National data collected as part of the European RightTimePlaceCare project were analysed. This included 81 dyads of community-dwelling people with dementia and their informal carers. Methods: Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted in North West England between June 2011 and April 2012. Interviews collected data relating to the person with dementia (cognitive functioning, activities of daily living, neuropsychiatric symptoms and formal and informal dementia care resource use) and carers' level of burden (22-item Zarit Burden Index), hours spent caring programmes focusing on challenging behaviours and risk management may be of benefit to carers. More individually tailored interventions for specific carer groups including female or younger carers may be warranted. The implementation of peer support networks could be beneficial to carers who lack additional family support. (Publisher abstract)
Keep an eye open for bogus callers: a guide for carers and care professionals
- Author:
- GREAT BRITAIN. Home Office
- Publisher:
- Great Britain. Home Office
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 9p.
- Place of publication:
- London
A carer is the person in regular contact with the person cared for. Whether a care professional, a care worker or a carer (i.e. friend, relative or neighbour) carers are in a unique position to help prevent that person from becoming a victim of bogus callers.
Can her son be trusted?
- Author:
- -
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 16.02.06, 2006, pp.40-41.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
A practice panel discuss the case of an 81-year-old mother who does not realise that she is at risk of physical and financial abuse from her son.
Making headway
- Authors:
- GEORGE Mike, NEEDHAM Carol
- Journal article citation:
- Community Care, 14.6.01, May 2001, pp.32-33.
- Publisher:
- Reed Business Information
There are few services provided for people with brain injuries with the result that too much pressure is placed on their carers. Talks to a social worker about the difficulties she had in obtaining support for her client and his carer.
Risk and resiliency factors related to dementia caregiver mental health
- Authors:
- ALTAMIRANO Olivia, DE MAMANI Amy Weisman
- Journal article citation:
- Family Process, 60(3), 2021, pp.904-919.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Prevalence rates for dementia are expected to rise exponentially as the elderly population rises. With this comes a corresponding increase in the number of family members who will become dementia caregivers. Caregivers of people with dementia often experience a deterioration in mental health. Identifying factors that relate to caregiver mental health is necessary to develop appropriate interventions. The current study explored how family functioning (measured with a latent variable that includes family cohesion, family balance, and family communication), caregiver expressed emotion (EE), and patient symptom severity related to caregiver mental health (measured with a latent variable that includes depression, anxiety, and stress). Participants included 107 dementia caregivers. The following specific hypotheses were tested: lower levels of both (1) EE and (2) patient symptom severity, and (3) higher levels of family functioning would be related to better caregiver mental health. Results produced a well-fitting model: X2(18) = 14.858, p = .672; CFI = 1.00; RMSEA = .00; SRMR = .037. Moreover, results indicated that better family functioning (Ɣ = −3.54, SE = 1.34, p = .008), lower levels of caregiver EE (β = .36, SE = 0.07, p < .01), and higher patient symptom severity (β = −3.03, SE = 0.88, p = .001) were related to better caregiver mental health. Results from this study suggest that efforts to bolster family functioning (i.e., enhance communication, promote cohesion, encourage flexibility) could help improve caregiver mental health. (Edited publisher abstract)
Informal care-giving and mental ill-health: differential relationships by workload, gender, age and area-remoteness in a UK region
- Authors:
- DOEBLER Stefanie, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Health and Social Care in the Community, 25(3), 2017, pp.987-999.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This paper reports on a study carried out in a UK region which investigated the relationship between informal care-giving and mental ill-health. The analysis was conducted by linking three data sets, the Northern Ireland Longitudinal Study, the Northern Ireland Enhanced Prescribing Database and the Proximity to Service Index from the Northern Ireland Statistics and Research Agency. The analysis used both a subjective measure of mental ill-health, i.e. a question asked in the 2011 Census, and an objective measure, whether the respondents had been prescribed antidepressants by a General Practitioner between 2010 and 2012. The study applied binary logistic multilevel modelling to these two responses to test whether, and for what sub-groups of the population, informal care-giving was related to mental ill-health. The results showed that informal care-giving per se was not related to mental ill-health, although there was a strong relationship between the intensity of the care-giving role and mental ill-health. Females under 50, who provided over 19 hours of care, were not employed or worked part-time and who provided care in both 2001 and 2011 were at a statistically significantly elevated risk of mental ill-health. Caregivers in remote areas with limited access to shops and services were also at a significantly increased risk as evidenced by prescription rates for antidepressants. With community care policies aimed at supporting people to remain at home, the paper highlights the need for further research in order to target resources appropriately. (Edited publisher abstract)
Suicidal ideation in family carers of people with dementia
- Authors:
- O'DWYER Siobhan T., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 20(2), 2016, pp.222-230.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objective: Two small studies have suggested that family carers of people with dementia may be a high-risk group for suicide. The objective of this study was to further explore the rate of suicidal ideation in a large sample of carers and identify psychosocial risk and protective factors. Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 566 family carers. The survey included measures of suicidality, self-efficacy, physical health, depression, anxiety, hopelessness, optimism, burden, coping strategies, and social support. Results: Sixteen percent of carers had contemplated suicide more than once in the previous year. There were univariate differences between suicidal and non-suicidal carers on self-efficacy, social support, coping, burden, depression, anxiety, hopelessness, optimism, reasons for living, and symptoms of dementia, as well as age and income management. In a multivariate model, age, depression, and reasons for living predicted suicidal ideation. In tests for mediation, satisfaction with social support and dysfunctional coping had indirect effects on suicidal ideation via depression. Conclusion: Family carers of people with dementia have high rates of suicidal ideation, with depression a risk factor and increasing age and reasons for living as protective factors. Depression and reasons for living should be targeted in interventions to reduce suicide risk in dementia carers. (Publisher abstract)
Malnutrition and caring: the hidden cost for families
- Author:
- CARERS UK
- Publisher:
- Carers UK
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 8p.
- Place of publication:
- London
For those caring for a relative or friend, the diet of that person is often the carer’s responsibility. This research survey from Carers UK and Nutricia shows 60% of carers worry about the nutrition of the person they care for, because their condition makes eating or taking on nutrition difficult. As a result many families are struggling to cope with the consequences of malnutrition without advice, information and support. This report explores the research findings, family case studies and gives recommendations to tackle malnutrition. It calls for access to basic training and information on nutrition and recognising the signs of malnutrition, access to experts who can support carers in giving good nutrition through existing healthcare channels and NHS Direct, and suggests that all
Risks for complicated grief in family caregivers
- Authors:
- GHESQUIERE Angela, HAIDAR Yamile M. Marti, SHEAR M. Katherine
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life and Palliative Care, 7(2-3), April 2011, pp.216-240.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia
Complicated grief is a recently recognised disorder which can be experienced by the bereaved, and is characterised by intense distress that interferes with functioning. Noting that family caregivers of those who are chronically ill may face unique risks, this article reviews existing literature on complicated grief in family caregivers to identify pre-bereavement risk factors for the disorder. It describes complicated grief and discusses theories of caregiver bereavement outcomes, aspects of the caregiving experience associated with complicated grief, correlates for complicated grief in family caregivers, and characteristics of the relationship with the deceased associated with complicated grief. It presents a table summarising key relevant articles with information about research aims and key findings, and discusses implications for practice, including preventive interventions and therapeutic techniques for treating complicated grief.