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Understanding catastrophizing from a misdirected problem-solving perspective
- Authors:
- FLINK Ida K., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Health Psychology, 17(2), May 2012, pp.408-419.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Catastrophising is an irrational thought leading to a belief that something is far worse than it actually is. This study investigated “pain catastrophising” from a problem-solving perspective. The links between catastrophising, problem framing, and problem-solving behaviour are examined through two possible models of mediation – the misdirected problem solving model and the fear-anxiety-avoidance model. A general population sample of 173 from three counties in middle Sweden with perceived problems with spinal pain filled out questionnaires twice; catastrophising and problem framing were assessed on the first occasion and health care seeking was assessed 7 months later. Findings confirmed the concepts included in the misdirected problem solving model. However, the direction of the relations was more in line with the fear-anxiety-avoidance model. More specifically, the mediation analyses provided support for viewing catastrophising as a mediator of the relation between medical problem framing and medically oriented problem-solving behaviour. The authors highlighted the need to examine and address problem framing and catastrophising in back pain patients.
The development of insomnia within the first year: a focus on worry
- Authors:
- JANSSon Markus, LINTON Steven
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Health Psychology, 11(3), September 2006, pp.501-511.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim of this investigation was to study the relationships between sleep-related worry and subjective sleep perception as a function of stage of chronicity. A cross-sectional study consisting of 136 individuals with a short history of insomnia was used. The 136 participants were grouped to form two different levels of chronicity based on their duration of insomnia: short (3-7 months; n=69) and long (>7-12 months; n=67). Two domains of sleep-related worry (sleeplessness and health) were used as predictors of subjective sleep perception (sleep onset latency, time awake after sleep onset, and total sleep time). The association between worry for sleeplessness and subjective sleep perception was significantly different across the stages of chronicity. In the group with a short duration of insomnia, worry for sleeplessness was not related to subjective sleep perception. Worry for sleeplessness was however a significant predictor of subjective sleep perception in the group with a long duration of insomnia (unique variance: 33% on sleep onset latency, 19% on time awake after sleep onset, and 13% on total sleep time). Even if marked differences were observed between the two groups, worry for health was not significantly different across stages of chronicity on subjective sleep perception. This suggests that the role of sleep-related worry to subjective sleep perception may increase over time. Given that worry was a mechanism with an increasingly stronger impact over time, this supports the idea that worry is a potential mechanism related to the development of insomnia.
Worrying about the future and fear of crime among young adults: a social psychological approach
- Authors:
- COPS Diederik, PLEYSIER Stefaan, PUT Johan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Youth Studies, 15(2), March 2012, pp.191-205.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Recent research on the fear of crime have acknowledged the need for a social psychological approach and introduced the idea that fear of crime operates as a ‘sponge’, absorbing more abstract and fundamental feelings of social discomfort. The aim of this article is to investigate the extent to which more general concerns about one’s future and the perceived capacity to deal with problems and challenges are projected onto a more concrete fear of crime. The data used in this study are derived from the Youth Monitor, a large scale repeated survey in Flanders. This study uses a subsample of 1121 young adults aged 19 to 24 years from the survey conducted in 2008. The analysis aimed to determine the relationship between the participants’ general worries about their personal future with the fear of crime. The study demonstrates the potential of combining both perspectives in the study of the determinants of fear of crime in the often neglected social category of young people. The findings suggest that offering young people a strong and positive future perspective may help to reduce the fear of crime.
Distinguishing between anxiety and depression using the Mood and Anxiety Symptoms Questionnaire (MASQ)
- Authors:
- BUCKBY Joe A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 46(2), June 2007, pp.235-239.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim was to examine the discriminant validity of the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (MASQ) in a sample of young help-seekers. 136 young people referred to a psychiatric service completed a diagnostic interview and the MASQ. Participants were classified according to diagnostic status: Mood Only; Anxiety Only; Mixed Anxiety-Depression; Other DSM-IV Disorder; and No Axis-I Disorder. Participants in the Mood Only and Mixed groups scored significantly higher than the remaining groups on all MASQ scales. Participants in the Anxiety Only group did not score significantly higher than participants in the Other DSM-IV or No Diagnosis groups for any scale. These findings supported the specificity of the depression-specific scale, however the purported anxiety-specific scale did not distinguish between those with and those without Anxiety disorders. It was hypothesised that in clinical samples, the MASQ may measure general psychological distress.
Attachment and psychopathology in a community sample
- Authors:
- WRD Mary J., LEE Shelley S., POLAN H. Jonathan
- Journal article citation:
- Attachment and Human Development, 8(4), December 2006, pp.327-340.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-I) and the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) were administered to 60 women participating in a study (n = 226) of mother - child interaction. These women were not referred to the study for psychiatric care. The 60 women interviewed with the AAI were selected from the first 190 women who completed the SCID-I, so that 30 received a diagnosis and 30 did not. Analyses indicated that psychopathology diagnoses were associated significantly with mental representations of attachment classified in the AAI. The non-autonomous groups had increased likelihood of SCID diagnosis, compared to the autonomous group. While 32% of women with autonomous AAI transcripts received SCID diagnoses, 63% of women with Dismissing, 100% of woman with Preoccupied, and 65% of women with Unresolved transcripts received diagnoses. Secondary analyses indicated that Dismissing classifications were associated with Axis I diagnoses and Preoccupied classifications with affective disorders. Of note was that among women with Unresolved classifications, underlying secure attachment was associated with low risk of psychopathology, while underlying anxious attachment was associated with elevated risk of diagnosis. These findings support the premise from attachment theory that early relationships affect patterns of interpersonal expectations and behaviour and affect regulation
Relationship between anxiety and agitation in dementia
- Authors:
- TWELFTREE H., QAZI A.
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 10(4), July 2006, pp.362-367.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Anxiety and agitation are common in people with dementia. Their consequences can be severe, including increased mortality rates and institutionalization. Despite the importance of these symptoms there is little literature in this area. Some studies have assumed that agitation is the outward manifestation of anxiety, while others have attempted to differentiate between them. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety and agitation in people with mild-to-moderate dementia. A secondary aim was to compare two measures of anxiety which have been used in people with dementia. A cross-sectional correlation design was used. Participants were 40 older adults with dementia. Agitation, anxiety, depression, and level of cognitive impairment were measured. The main finding from the study was that anxiety and agitation are associated in dementia. The degree of correlation did not support the use of agitation as a measure of anxiety. Anxiety symptoms of autonomic sensitivity were not correlated with agitation and could be used to differentiate between the two if this was required. The use of the Rating for Anxiety in Dementia (RAID) was supported as a measure of anxiety in people with dementia.
Early separation anxiety and adult attachment style in women with eating disorders
- Authors:
- TROISI Alfonso, MASSARONI Paola, CUZZOLARO Massimo
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 44(1), March 2005, pp.89-97.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The aim was to ascertain whether women with eating disorders have a higher frequency of separation anxiety symptoms in childhood, and a higher prevalence of insecure styles of adult attachment, compared with healthy women. The Separation Anxiety Symptom Inventory (SASI) and the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) were administered to 78 women with eating disorders and 64 healthy women. Compared with control women, women with eating disorders reported more severe symptoms of separation anxiety during childhood, and scored higher on the ASQ scales, reflecting insecure styles of adult attachment. Early separation anxiety and insecure attachment were not correlated with age of onset or illness duration. The diagnostic subgroup was not associated with a specific style of insecure attachment: compared with control women, both anorexic and bulimic women scored higher on the ASQ scales reflecting anxious attachment, but not on the scales reflecting avoidant attachment. The results confirm the link between eating disorders and insecure attachment that has been found in previous studies, and extend it to childhood symptoms of separation anxiety.
The element guide: anxiety, phobias and panic attacks; your questions answered
- Author:
- SHEEHAN Elaine
- Publisher:
- Element
- Publication year:
- 1996
- Pagination:
- 110p.,list of orgs.,bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Shaftesbury
Provides practical advice on psychological and emotional states of anxiety, phobia and panic attack. Covers: different types of anxiety disorders; causes and symptoms; practical ways to help keep anxiety under control; and what help is available and where to find it.
Effects of reminiscing about nostalgic smells on the physiological and psychological responses of older people in long-term care facilities
- Authors:
- FU Sin Rou, LEE Mei Fen, OU Sheng Jung
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 40(3), 2020, pp.501-511.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
... in daily conversation (control group). The results indicated that anxiety and depression symptoms were more effectively relieved in the experimental group than in the control group. Moreover, most of the nostalgic smells recalled by the experimental group were associated with naturally occurring smells. Regarding heart rate variability, the normalised low-frequency of the experimental group decreased significantly. The results verified the utility of using reminiscence about olfactory memories in reminiscence therapy as this can calm anxiety and lessen depression, which can be very important for older adults living in long-term care facilities. (Edited publisher abstract)
Improving access to psychological therapies: Phase IV prospective cohort study
- Authors:
- RICHARDS David A., SUCKLING Rupert
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 48(4), November 2009, pp.377-396.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Part of a ‘proof of principle’ exercise conducted under the umbrella of the Improving Access to Psychological Therapies programme, this research aimed to explore the effects of implementing stepped care evidence-based psychological treatments for anxiety and depression in routine practice using a collaborative care implementation model. Data were collected from patients referred to the UK