Search results for ‘Subject term:"activities of daily living"’ Sort:
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Rethinking family practices
- Author:
- MORGAN David H.J.
- Publisher:
- Palgrave Macmillan
- Publication year:
- 2011
- Pagination:
- 200p.
- Place of publication:
- Basingstoke
In this book the author develops the idea of the 'family practices' approach, exploring uses and criticisms, arguing for its continuing relevance for family studies. Providing detailed treatment of some of the recent ways in which the approach has been used and extended, with careful consideration of alternative approaches to family living as well as of possible criticisms of this approach, the book demonstrates the continuing relevance of the practices approach for family studies examining key issues such as time and space, the body, emotions, ethics and work/life balance. Numerous published studies of family life provide illustrations for these explorations, the author concludes by showing why the practices approach continues to be important, arguing for the continuing need to explore family life as well as other forms of emotional or personal life. Chapters include: the original argument; locating practices; locating practices: alternatives; developments and difficulties; time, space and family practices; the body and family practices; emotions and family practices; the ethical turn in family studies; work/family articulation; and conclusion.
Lives interrupted: experiences of younger people with dementia
- Authors:
- STANLEY Eleanor, (ed.)
- Publisher:
- Alzheimer's Society
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 28p.
- Place of publication:
- London
In the UK, 15,000 people under the age of 65 are living with early onset dementia. This booklet features interviews with four couples affected by this condition who describe how the condition has impacted on their work, families and their lives. The booklet is designed for those being affected by all types of dementia, and many of the experiences described will be familiar to all readers.
Persistent apathy in Alzheimer's disease as an independent factor of rapid functional decline: the REAL longitudinal cohort study
- Authors:
- LECHOWSKI L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 24(4), April 2009, pp.341-346.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This study was conducted on 272 women from the French REAL cohort. At inclusion patients had a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score between 10-26. A rapid functional decline was defined as a yearly drop of 4 points or more on the 14-point IADL Lawton scale. Persistent apathy was defined as a frequency score equal to 3 or 4 on the Neuro-Psychiatric Inventory at the three consecutive 6-monthly assessments. 27.6% of women had rapid functional decline in 1 year and 22.1% of them had persistent apathy. A logistic regression analysis showed that, in addition to cognitive decline, persistent apathy plays a role in rapid functional decline in 1 year.
Withdrawal, apathy and lack of vigor in late life depression: factorial validity and relationship to diagnosis
- Authors:
- ARAI A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 11(5), September 2007, pp.532-537.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Withdrawal, apathy and lack of vigour (WAV) describe a pattern of lack of vitality and dropping of interests and activities in later life, which may or may not indicate depression. This study examines (a) whether the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) contains a measure of this symptom cluster, and if so, (b) whether the presence of WAV leads to more false positive predictions by the GDS. A total of 444 Chinese older persons responded to the GDS and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and were independently assessed by psychiatrists for depression and other diagnoses. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that six WAV symptoms formed a distinct cluster on the GDS. WAV was positively correlated with age and MMSE but most other symptom clusters measured on the GDS were not. Nonetheless, the ROC curves were essentially the same, regardless of whether the WAV items were included or not. Further analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off for the GDS without WAV produced fewer false positives, but also missed more true cases, than the full scale. The extent to which false positives become an issue depends on the specific threshold chosen (which entails a trade-off with sensitivity) rather than the presence of WAV items.
Exploring the relation between positive emotions and the functional status of older adults living independently: a systematic review
- Authors:
- CABRITA Miriam, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Aging and Mental Health, 21(11), 2017, pp.1121-1128.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Objectives: Literature suggests that positive emotions positively influence physiological parameters but their relation to functioning in the daily life of older adults living independently remains unclear. The present work aims to investigate the relation between positive emotions and functional status in daily life of older people living independently. Method: A systematic literature review was conducted using the PubMed, PsycINFO and Scopus electronic databases. Included works were peer-reviewed empirical studies that analysed the relation between positive emotions and ability to perform activities of daily living with older adults living independently. Results: After removal of duplicates, 10 out of 963 papers met the inclusion criteria. Cross-sectional studies (n = 6) provided limited evidence about a relation between positive emotions and functioning in daily life. However, longitudinal studies (n = 4) provide significant evidence for an interaction between the two factors, suggesting that time influences this interaction. Conclusion: The variety on the design and samples of the studies included in this review does not allow a cohesive conclusion of the results. Nevertheless, limited evidence suggests that higher frequency in the experience of positive emotions might be associated with lower functional limitations. The issue of causality in emotions-functioning remains unclear from the review. Further observational studies are highly recommended, supported by innovative technologies. (Publisher abstract)
The productivity of care: contextualizing care in situated interaction and shedding light on its latent purposes
- Author:
- PRATESI Alessandro
- Journal article citation:
- Ethics and Social Welfare, 5(2), June 2011, pp.123-137.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Abingdon
Carers often experience both positive and negative emotions. They cope with emotional and psychological exhaustion, but also experience gratification, reward, and self-empowerment. However, further studies on the rewarding aspects of care may help broaden our understanding of how we can reduce the degree of burden while increasing the sense of satisfaction. As such, this paper highlights how the focus on emotion is necessary to show the ambivalences and the grey areas connected with the concept of care as well as to challenge the unexplored assumption that care is often associated with burden and stress and viewed as a result of circumstances. It reports the results from a micro study of daily care activities among 80 caregivers in the United States. Findings reveal that care is seen as a strategic site to grasp deeper insights into the interactional mechanisms through which the emotional dynamics revolving around care produce unanticipated outcomes in terms of symbolic and practical productivity.
Mealtimes and being connected in the community-based dementia context
- Authors:
- KELLER Heather H., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Dementia: the International Journal of Social Research and Practice, 9(2), May 2010, pp.1941-213.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Mealtimes provide an opportunity for social activity and emotional connection. This study focused on the meaning and experience of mealtimes in families living with dementia in the community. Twenty six dyads and one triad, from Ontario, Canada, participated in the study, yielding 28 partners in care and 27 persons with dementia. They were interviewed both together and separately. Team analysis resulted in the development of a substantive theory which explains how eating together ‘mirrors the way we are’ and reveals the essence of what it is to be a person while living with dementia. Findings show that mealtimes reflected how these families were being connected, honouring identity and gender roles, and adapting to evolving circumstances. This study indentified, and describes, three ways in which being connected occurs at mealtimes: being face to face; participating psychologically; and getting and giving support. In conclusion, the authors indicate that understanding the role that mealtimes play in promoting improved connections, and thus relationships, within the dementia context has important implications for both formal and family care partners.
An exploratory qualitative study of equity and the social care needs of visually impaired older people in England
- Authors:
- CHARLES Nigel, MANTHORPE Jill
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Visual Impairment, 27(2), May 2009, pp.97-109.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article describes the findings of a small study of the ways in which social care practitioners describe their assessment practice with visually impaired older people in England. The study interviewed 14 social care staff in three local authorities that had different organizational arrangements for assessments. Using a vignette method, the study explored staff's definitions of social care needs. Possible differences between the practice of specialists in visual impairment and those who were not working or trained specifically in the area of visual impairment are explored, as is the context of policy assessments for social care services. The potential impact of differences and context on equity is discussed.
Hours of care and caring tasks performed by Australian carers of adults with mental illness: results from an online survey
- Authors:
- HIELSCHER Emily, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 55(2), 2019, pp.279-295.
- Publisher:
- Springer
The aim of this study was to provide a detailed profile of the hours of care Australian mental health carers provide for different types of caring tasks. The UQ Carer Survey 2016 was administered online to 105 adults caring for someone aged 16 years or older whose main condition is mental illness. Mental health carers reported providing on average 37.2 h of care per week to their main care recipient. Carers spent most of their active caring time providing emotional support, and the least of their time assisting with activities of daily living. Carers highlighted that this care time fluctuates with the undulating nature of mental illness, and many noted additional hours devoted to being ‘on call’ in case of emergency. Carers provide large amounts of support on a long-term and often unpredictable basis. Government services need to match the undulating nature of the illness by providing more flexible support options for mental health carers. (Edited publisher abstract)
Does it matter if we disagree? The impact of incongruent care preferences on persons with dementia and their care partners
- Authors:
- SHELTON Evan G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 58(3), 2018, p.556–566.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Purpose: To gain a better understanding of how actual and perceived incongruence of care preferences affects the psychosocial well-being of persons with dementia and their family caregiver. Design and Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 128 dyads each consisting of a person with dementia and a family caregiver. Baseline data from an intervention study were used to examine the relationship between the caregiver’s care-related preferences, the person with dementia’s care-related preferences, and the caregiver’s perception of the person with dementia’s preferences. Preferences for three care-related domains were recorded: personal activities of daily living (PADLs), instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and socioemotional issues. Primary outcomes included dyadic relationship strain, quality of life, and mood for both the caregiver and person with dementia. Results: Perceived incongruence of care preferences was a better predictor of negative psychosocial outcomes than actual incongruence. Actual incongruence for socioemotional care preferences was a predictor of greater relationship strain and worse mood for the person with dementia, whereas perceived incongruence for socioemotional care preferences was related to lower quality of life and worse mood for the caregiver. Interestingly, perceived incongruence for PADLs predicted higher quality of life and better mood for the caregiver. Implications: Findings have implications for communication between care partners, especially regarding socioemotional care preferences. Socioemotional preferences, which might be overlooked in the creation of a care plan, may influence the person with dementia’s well-being. (Edited publisher abstract)