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Universal credit, lone mothers and poverty: some ethical challenges for social work with children and families
- Authors:
- CAREY Malcolm, BELL Sophie
- Journal article citation:
- Ethics and Social Welfare, 16(1), 2022, pp.3-18.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Abingdon
This article critically evaluates and contests the flagship benefit delivery system Universal Credit for lone mothers by focusing on some of the ethical challenges it poses, as well as some key implications it holds for social work with lone mothers and their children. Universal Credit was first introduced in the United Kingdom (UK) in 2008, and echoes conditionality-based welfare policies adopted by neoliberal governments internationally on the assumption that paid employment offers a route out of poverty for citizens. However, research evidence suggests that the risks of conditionality polices for lone parents can often include increased poverty, a deterioration in mental health or even destitution posed by paternalistic sanctions or precarious low-paid employment, which can undermine parenting capacities and children's well-being. The article also critically appraises and questions challenges posed by an increased reliance upon contractual ethics by governments, alongside the wider behaviour-modifying policies of the workfare-orientated state. This includes that working-class lone mothers can erroneously be stigmatised as representing a morally challenged dependent burden through activation policies and risk-averse social work practices. (Edited publisher abstract)
Perspectives of low-income mothers about their intimate partner relationships
- Authors:
- AGUINIGA Donna M., TRAWVER Kathi R.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Family Social Work, 24(5), 2021, pp.363-381.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
To help fill the gaps in their support system and meet the needs of their families, low income mothers may develop or maintain intimate partner relationships (IPRs). This study employs the voices of 22 low-income mothers to examine the factors that influence how low-income mothers’ perceive their intimate partner relationships. Researchers employed a semi-structured interview guide to encourage participants’ reflection about characteristics they seek in an intimate partner, their most recent relationships, and the types of help they want from an intimate partner. A grounded theory approach was used to identify key themes. Identified themes include the impact of participants’ personal history and the centrality of their role as mother. Past experiences of abuse and violence experienced by many low-income mothers made it difficult for them to trust. This research provides insight into the experiences of low-income mothers and IPRs that can be used in future theoretical model development. Practice implications include the need for trauma-informed services and increased social service programs for mothers leaving problematic relationships. (Edited publisher abstract)
The relationship between deficiency needs and growth needs: the continuing investigation of Maslow’s theory
- Authors:
- NOLTEMEYER Amity, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child and Youth Services, 42(1), 2021, pp.24-42.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Maslow’s “Hierarchy of Needs” theory – which hypothesized that if human lower level “deficiency needs” were not met, higher level “growth needs” would be impaired – has received substantial theoretical attention. However, less attention has been given to whether the theory is supported by empirical data in school-aged youth from the USA. In this paper, we begin by reviewing Maslow’s theory and highlighting the extent of deficiency needs in USA school-aged children. Then, we (a) introduce the Success Program – a school-based child and family intervention program designed to address non-cognitive barriers to learning – as a vehicle for addressing some of these needs, and (b) summarize Success Program evaluation research that has been conducted over the past 13 years, considering alignment of the research findings with the principles of Maslow’s theory. Our findings highlight preliminary support for the notion that basic needs fulfillment may contribute to growth needs satisfaction; however, further examination of Maslow’s theory is clearly warranted. (Edited publisher abstract)
Revisiting hope’s third pillar: mattering, spirituality, and social connectedness among financially marginalized households
- Authors:
- BAKER Amy Castro, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 31(5), 2021, pp.551-563.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
While hope is an established strength within the catalog of positive psychology virtues and a theoretically established concept in economic development (Lybbert & Wydick, 2018), little applied research has considered the role of positive social institutions in maintaining hope under duress, especially among financially marginalized populations. Mattering is a social-psychological construct defined as an awareness that we are a significant part of the world around us (Elliott, Kao, & Grant, 2004). The authors tested the relationship between hope, spirituality, and three-dimensions of mattering (awareness, importance, and reliance), with adults experiencing income volatility while participating in an urban economic mobility intervention. Results indicate that subjects experiencing economic marginalization were more hopeful when they felt others chose to rely on them, even after taking personal spirituality into account. These findings suggest the importance of relationships and specific types of social connectedness in the expression of hope for economically marginalized individuals. (Edited publisher abstract)
Financial strain among unpaid family caregivers of frail elders in community
- Author:
- KANG Suk-Young
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 31(5), 2021, pp.582-598.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
In the United States, 8 out of 10 elders, 65 or older, have at least one chronic disease. Their care likely falls mostly to family members; many experience financial strain associated with providing that care. Informal caregiving saves the American healthcare system money. The economic value of family caregivers is estimated at $350 billion, exceeding the total amount spent by either Medicare ($342 billion) or Medicaid ($300 billion). The COVID-19 pandemic makes this issue even more relevant. Many of those recovering from this virus, whatever their age and previous health history, find it is a very long process. This study examined correlates of financial strain among 956 unpaid family caregivers using the framework of the stress process model. Method: The study utilized the caregiver survey data set from the 1999 National Long-Term Care Survey. Results indicate that a caregiver’s perceived overload had the largest effect on greater financial strain. Variations and dynamics in caregiver financial strain are particular to the caregiver’s family relationship. Identifying correlates of caregiver financial strain can provide an important impetus for tackling the causes and providing effective interventions. (Edited publisher abstract)
Outcomes of an inter-professional education event for social work and allied health professional students working with families in poverty: implications for social work education
- Authors:
- SCHRAG Rachel J. Voth, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Teaching in Social Work, 41(2), 2021, pp.135-150.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Interprofessional education (IPE) aims to introduce students to the importance of team-based decision making. This article presents evaluation data from an IPE poverty simulation event. The goals of the project were to increase students’ understanding of the barriers faced by families in poverty, and to increase students’ confidence when working with families in poverty. Results show that students experienced enhanced confidence in their ability to work with families living in poverty, as well as an increase in the number of key practice behaviors they were likely to perform. These findings demonstrate that IPE simulations can enhance the understanding and confidence of social work students working with such families. (Edited publisher abstract)
Addressing the social needs of individuals with food allergy and celiac disease during COVID-19: a new practice model for sustained social care
- Authors:
- BILAVER Lucy A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 60(2), 2021, pp.187-196.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
COVID-19 has led to high rates of food insecurity. Food insecure patients with food allergy and celiac disease are especially vulnerable during the pandemic when foods become limited. This paper describes a practice innovation implemented by a community-based organization, Food Equality Initiative (FEI), whose mission is improving health and ending hunger among individuals with food allergy and celiac disease. FEI responded to the pandemic by converting their in-person pantries to a contactless delivery of safe foods. The practice innovation is discussed in relation to three system-level elements necessary to sustain the integration of social care into the delivery of healthcare. (Edited publisher abstract)
Supporting families struggling with food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic: an innovative cross-sector collaboration
- Authors:
- FUSS Ashley Ann, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work in Health Care, 60(2), 2021, pp.157-165.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Food insecurity is an ongoing and persistent problem for many individuals and families in the United States and in New York City. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated the scope of the problem and data show that food insecurity rates have increased almost three times over pre-COVID rates. In addition, with unemployment increasing daily and the closure of safety net programs and services, there became a need for creatively attending to the basic needs of individuals and families. SCO Family of Services (SCO), a large human service provider in New York City and Long Island, launched an innovative project with DoorDash during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic and successfully got food into the homes of more than 1,900 families. This article discusses the practice innovation, project impact, lessons learned, and social work implications. (Edited publisher abstract)
Liberation theology and international social work
- Authors:
- LUSK Mark, CORBETT Dylan
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Religion and Spirituality in Social Work, 40(1), 2021, pp.92-107.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Theologies of liberation are rooted in the expressions of the poor and those at the margins who seek to reflect and act on their oppression from a foundation of faith. Growing out of the experiences of the excluded, liberation theology seeks to shape the world by applying principles of inclusion, justice, human rights, dignity, and solidarity to their emancipation. Liberation theologies have implications for the practice of social work, not only with faith-based organizations, but as a foundation for the formulation to policy and practice from the perspectives of those who live and find meaning at the margins. (Edited publisher abstract)
The four pandemics
- Author:
- MILLER Joshua
- Journal article citation:
- Smith College Studies in Social Work, 90(4), 2020, pp.207-220.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
COVID 19 interacts with white supremacy, economic insecurity and political terrorism, adversely affecting many people and populations. This article considers the consequences of these four interacting pandemics and suggests that social work, particularly clinical social work, requires radical revisioning and decolonizing to be able to ethically and adequately serve affected people. (Edited publisher abstract)