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Adoption by lesbian women and gay men: perceived challenges and training needs for professionals in Portugal
- Authors:
- GATO Jorge, HENRIQUES Margarida Rangel, LEAL Daniela
- Journal article citation:
- Adoption Quarterly, 24(2), 2021, pp.152-175.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia
Lesbian women and gay men face many barriers to accomplish a parental project, including when seeking to adopt. In Portugal, same-sex couple’s adoption was recently allowed and we sought to understand adoption professionals’ perspectives regarding this issue. We conducted two focus groups with adoption professionals using a semi-structured interview script. We aimed to explore (i) the main challenges for adoption by LGs and same-sex couples; (ii) knowledge, skills, and personal beliefs regarding about these family settings; (iii) the importance of gender (couples, child) in the matching process; and (iv) topics to address in any training for this area. The participants’ discourses oscillated between a certain awareness of the prevailing social prejudice and discrimination toward sexual minorities on one hand and a heteronormative discourse on the other hand. Challenges in working with this population and training necessities were identified. Findings point to the need for guidelines for the home study of LG applicants and cultural competency training to deal with this population in three aspects: knowledge, skills, and awareness of personal attitudes. (Edited publisher abstract)
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer + Latinx youth mental health disparities: a systematic review
- Author:
- GARCIA-PEREZ Javier
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 32(4), 2020, pp.440-478.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The aim of this review is to assess how existing literature conceptualizes LGBTQ+ Latinx youth’s mental health. Studies were included if they met the following criteria: (a) assessed populations who identified as LGBTQ+ in addition to a racial/ethnic minority identity from Latin America; (b) mean sample age was between 12 and 18; (c) assessed mental health as a dependent variable; (d) reported either quantitative, qualitative, or mixed-method results; (e) written in English; and (f) collected data from participants in the USA. Twenty-three studies were included for review. A thematic synthesis produced four themes: context/setting, persecution, sense of self, and support.
“It may be legal, but it is not treated equally”: marriage equality and well-being implications for same-sex couples
- Authors:
- KENNEDY Heather R., DALLA Rochelle L.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 32(1), 2020, pp.67-98.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Despite the monumental victory of marriage equality for same-sex couples, sexual and gender minorities continue to face barriers toward full equality in a variety of contexts. This study adds to limited research examining the impact of marital recognition on personal and relational well-being. Using a mixed-methods approach the research explored the experiences of 218 Midwestern, married, same-sex couple members. The study contends perceptions of recognition influence distinct aspects of personal well-being for those in married same-sex relationships. Individuals residing in states without marriage equality displayed significantly greater negative affect than their peers in marriage equality contexts. Qualitative findings revealed themes of legitimacy and security following marriage, but clear distinctions in experiences were evident based on legal recognition. Collectively, participants’ expressed a stronger relational bond following marriage. Perceived recognition, via state policy, served as a catalyst for many couples to take refuge in specific residential locales. Yet, regardless of context, narratives depicted minority stress experiences including encountering affirmation and opposition to their identities and relationships. (Edited publisher abstract)
Lesbian, gay, and heterosexual adoptive parents' attitudes towards racial socialization practices
- Authors:
- BATTALEN Adeline Wyman, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 16(2), 2019, pp.178-191.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study tested the validity and measurement invariance of the Transracial Adoptive Parenting scale (TAPS) across sexual orientation with a nationwide sample of adoptive parents. The study sample consisted of 737 heterosexual, 102 lesbian, and 64 gay adoptive parents from the Modern Adoptive Families (MAF) study, a cross-sectional survey. The authors conducted reliability analyses, as well as exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for the 29-item TAPs. They then tested for measurement invariance based on sexual orientation. Findings show the TAPS is a reliable scale with a two-factor model measuring racial socialization and managing bias related to racial socialization practices. However, there was measurement invariance based on parent sexual orientation. The study informs practitioners that the TAPS measure is a useful tool for assessment and intervention that can be used with sexual minority transracial adoptive parents. However, cautions against comparing TAPs scores across parental sexual orientation. (Edited publisher abstract)
Sexual behaviors and perceptions of HIV risk in a multiethnic U.S. sample of women who have sex with women
- Authors:
- JACOBS Robin J., SKLAR Elliot M., KANE Michael N.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Social Service Research, 44(5), 2018, pp.614-623.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study investigated the sexual practices and perceptions of HIV risk in a national sample women who have sex with women (WSW). A multiethnic sample of 239 WSW aged 18–68 years attending GLBTQ pride events in three U.S. cities (Chicago, Atlanta, and Fort Lauderdale) completed an anonymous survey regarding their sexual behaviours, thoughts and perceptions of HIV risk. In the past 6 months, 18% of participants reported one or more male partners. Perception of HIV risk was associated with having more male partners (r = .244, p < .01), no primary relationship (r = .185, p < .01), shorter time with primary partners (r = .191, p < .05), multiple female partners (r = .169, p < .05), and a primary relationship with a man (r = .208, p < .01). Participants reported low levels of safer sex, but those who had sex with men reported using more protection with men compared with women. Most participants believed WSW could be at risk for HIV, but felt little personal risk. Understanding behaviours and perceptions of risk while taking into account the unique contexts of the lives of WSW from diverse communities may help guide the development of relevant, targeted public health interventions that address HIV-risk in this group. For the purpose of this paper, the authors define lesbians as homosexual women, or women who have sexual desire and relationships with other women. WSW are women who have, or have had, sex with women who may or may not self-identify as lesbian. (Edited publisher abstract)
Internalized homophobia and depression in lesbian women: the protective role of pride
- Authors:
- RUBINO Constance, CASE Rosalind, ANDERSON Alistair
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 30(3), 2018, pp.244-260.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This study sought to examine the association between internalised homophobia and depressive symptoms in lesbian women, and establish whether such a relationship was mediated by collective self-esteem, self-esteem, and self-disclosure. Participants were 225 self-identified lesbian women in the community. Structural equation modelling was used to demonstrate that an underlying construct, labelled pride, reflected participants’ levels of self-esteem, collective self-esteem, and self-disclosure. Internalised homophobia was moderately and negatively predictive of pride, and pride was strongly and negatively predictive of depression. Results highlight the potentially protective role of pride in the prevention of depression among lesbian women. (Edited publisher abstract)
“She was more than a friend”: clinical intervention strategies for effectively addressing disenfranchised grief issues for same-sex couples
- Authors:
- CURTIN Nancy, GARRISON Mary
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 30(3), 2018, pp.261-281.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This article focuses on grief experienced by same-sex couples with attention to the distinct factors that influence same-sex grieving partners within all social work system levels. An actual case narrative—the first author's lived experience—guides the reader through a powerful, personal journey to gain a greater perspective and connection on the impact of grief and loss. The concept of disenfranchised grief is applied to same-sex couples focusing on the grieving process. The authors delineate effective strategies for practitioner intervention for those working with individuals experiencing grief due to the loss of their same-sex partner. Particular emphasis is placed on cultural competence and cultural humility for enhanced effectiveness while working with same-sex-partner grief issues. (Publisher abstract)
Non-heterosexual women's experiences of informal social support: a qualitative metasynthesis
- Authors:
- INGHAM Charlotte F.A., ECCLES Fiona J. R., ARMITAGE Jocelyn R.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 29(2), 2017, pp.109-143.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This metasynthesis explores how non-heterosexual women experience informal social support. A systematic literature search was conducted to identify papers for inclusion, following which Noblit and Hare's (1988) meta-ethnographic approach was adopted to synthesize the findings of 16 papers. Four themes were derived: (a) disconnection from family life, (b) the benefits of cross-sexual orientation friendships, (c) negotiating (internalized) homophobia and seeking a space for authenticity, and (d) the intimacy of friendships between women. The impact of heterosexism on the women's experiences of social support is discussed, implications for health and social care are explored, and future research avenues are proposed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Adoption by lesbians and gay men in Europe: challenges and barriers on the journey to adoption
- Authors:
- MESSINA Roberta, D'AMORE Salvatore
- Journal article citation:
- Adoption Quarterly, 21(2), 2018, pp.59-81.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia
No psychological research has been done investigating the experiences of adoption by sexual minorities living in Europe. This qualitative study is the first cross-national research within the European context giving the floor to LG (lesbian and gay) adoptive parents in order to explore the main challenges they encountered in the transition to adoptive parenthood. Sixty-two LG adoptive parents (16 lesbians and 46 gay men) living in Belgium (n = 14), France (n = 26), and Spain (n = 22) participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in order to gather information about two key steps in the adoptive path: the decision making and the adoption process itself. Results revealed that while choosing to adopt, LG adoptive parents experienced numerous self-doubts and emotional conflicts driven by introjected heteronormative assumptions about family. During the adoption procedure, they were confronted with a large number of challenges and legal roadblocks connected to their sexual minority status. Exploring the experience of the first generation of LG adoptive parents in Europe provides insight into the great impact that the sociolegal context has on their lives. Findings suggest the necessity of promoting practice geared not only to fight discrimination but also to provide better support to LG people throughout the adoption process. (Edited publisher abstract)
Older lesbians' experiences with home care: varying levels of disclosure and discrimination
- Author:
- BUTLER Sandra S.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 29(4), 2017, pp.378-398.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
There is considerable evidence that lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) older adults have experienced barriers to health care access and have profound fears about how they will be treated in the long-term care system, but the specific experiences of older lesbians have received less attention. Most older adults needing long-term services and supports (LTSS) prefer to remain at home, and this is true for lesbians as well. This article reports on a national, qualitative study of the experiences of 20 older lesbians (age 65 and older) with home care workers. The experiences of six informal partner caregivers with home care services are also included. Emergent themes regarding level of disclosure, experiences with homophobia, evaluation of care received, and thoughts about ideal LTSS are described. Most study participants did not disclose their sexual orientation to their home care workers. A significant minority experienced homophobia, but nearly all ultimately found workers who provided good care with which they were comfortable. Their visions of ideal LTSS included greater affordability and particular qualities that were important for home care workers to possess, such as competence, caring and acceptance. Practice and policy implications are outlined including careful recruitment, training and supervision of home care workers to foster lesbian-sensitive care, but also improved wages and work conditions in order to maintain a quality home care workforce. (Publisher abstract)