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Challenging the uncritical application of urban HIV/AIDS politics to rural contexts
- Author:
- ROBERTS Richard
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 47(4), December 1994, pp.11-19.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Both the construction of HIV/AIDS and social work's response assumes a universality based primarily on urban politics. This brings into question the validity of strategies being applied to rural areas both to contain the spread of HIV infection and to cope with HIV by those infected and affected by it. The strong association of HIV/AIDS and gay male subcultures, especially in rural areas, means that issues cannot be properly understood outside an understanding of 'homophobia' towards and discrimination against those whose behaviours fall outside heterosexist and patriarchal assumptions. Preliminary research findings are presented highlighting the need to contextualise the rural experience as well as the ferocity with which challenges to gender and sexual stereotypic behaviours are met.
What helps? Elder abuse interventions and research
- Author:
- SADLER Paul
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 47(4), December 1994, pp.27-36.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
There has been little research in Australia on the effectiveness of various interventions in cases of elder abuse and neglect. Overseas (particularly US) studies have identified four main types of intervention: (1) assessment; (2) casework; (3) legal interventions; and (4) development of social policies to address the causes of abuse and neglect. This article reviews the findings on effective intervention strategies. Particular attention is paid to the findings of recent research by the Hornsby Ku-ring-gai Geriatric and Rehabilitation Service, especially interviews with victims of elder abuse. The implications for individual casework and future research are highlighted.
Groupwork with women who have a child with a developmental disability
- Author:
- ARIAS Rosemary
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 47(4), December 1994, pp.37-42.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The purpose of this paper is to show how groupwork with a feminist approach can be an effective and empowering form of intervention for women who are mothers of a child with a developmental disability. Women are usually the primary carers and are often isolated with no-one to share their thoughts, feelings and concerns. A group provides an opportunity to bring some of these women together to share their experiences and offer each other emotional support, feedback and practical help. The content of the group looks at issues related to women in general as well as specific issues related to disability.
Evaluation, social justice and social work
- Author:
- ROSE-MILLER Mary
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 47(4), December 1994, pp.21-26.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Evaluation is one of the management techniques associated with recent public sector reform in Australia. Everybody seems to be doing evaluations, being evaluated or involved in evaluation. We are told that evaluation will inform decision making, thus resulting in a fairer distribution of resources and contributing to a socially just society. In this article the author questions this assumption. Reflections about the development of program evaluation and the concept of social justice are shared. The author believes that social workers should take a critical and active stance in relation to evaluation, and offers some practical suggestions.
Nurses and attendants in South Australian lunatic asylums, 1858-1884
- Author:
- SHLOMOWITZ Evelyn A.
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 47(4), December 1994, pp.43-51.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper focuses on the pattern of care in two Adelaide lunatic asylums between 1858 and 1884. Prior to 1867, Robert Moore, the Colonial Surgeon, introduced a curative orientation to care. But with the appointment of Alexander Paterson as Colonial Surgeon in 1867, a custodial model developed which was consistent with Paterson's ideas on the nature of mental illness. This paper suggests that the curative model was not in the interests of attendants and nurses: (1) curative practices were more time-consuming, (2) with the increasing number of criminal and dangerous patients being admitted, the keepers became more and more intimidated, and so resorted to custodial measures. In taking advantage of shifts in medical thinking, the asylum keepers, accordingly, had an influential role in effecting the change from curative to custodial care.
Directions and developments in the Australian welfare state: a challenge for educators
- Author:
- BRYSON Lois
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 47(4), December 1994, pp.3-10.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Changes which the Australian welfare state has been undergoing over recent decades have far-reaching implications for educators and practitioners within the welfare field. Understanding the nature of the change is crucial because the welfare state is the context in which practice occurs. Tensions arise because the direction of change is largely conservatising while practice officially espouses the goal of promoting social justice. In these circumstances ensuring that students develop a critical perspective is of increased importance. This paper provides an overview of key changes associated with the developing market orientation and discusses some broad intellectual strategies for challenging conservative political trends.
Citizenship and choice: an overview
- Author:
- LEWIS Norman
- Journal article citation:
- Public Money and Management, 14(4), October 1994, pp.9-16.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Explores citizenship in the context of social, economic and political entitlement. Argues that bodies intermediate to the state and individual - civil and civic formations - are necessary for citizenship to flourish in an atmosphere where experiments in living can take place. We currently lack a clear philosophy directed to creating an acceptable balance between individual self-help, the enabling state intermediate social life forms.
Citizenship and local democracy: a European perspective
- Authors:
- RICHARDSON Jeremy, CRAM Laura
- Journal article citation:
- Public Money and Management, 14(4), October 1994, pp.17-24.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Focuses on the growing debate about the meaning of 'citizenship' in Europe. The concept of citizenship has very direct implications for the nature and scope of public policy in Europe and for the distribution of powers between the various levels of government within the European Union. There is now an opportunity for change which should be seized by British local government as a means of revitalizing itself.
Citizenship in need of care and attention
- Author:
- STONEFROST Maurice
- Journal article citation:
- Public Money and Management, 14(4), October 1994, pp.25-28.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The Commission on Citizenship reported in 1990, but its work has been little discussed and its recommendations remain largely ignored. Reviews a selection of the themes tackled by the Commission, including the lack of knowledge of citizenship issues among the population at large, the legal confusion surrounding rights and obligations and the changing relationship between public and voluntary bodies.
A new agenda for local governance
- Authors:
- STEWART John, DAVIS Howard
- Journal article citation:
- Public Money and Management, 14(4), October 1994, pp.29-36.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The growth of appointed boards, or quangos, at local level represents a major change in our system of government and severely erodes the reach of elected local government. Highlights the weakening of public accountability and is critical of this experiment in government by unelected business people. Attention is also drawn to the weakened ability of this fragmented system of local governance to deal with issues which require different functions or institutions to work together. Finally, a number of proposals are made to overcome the weaknesses of the developing system of local governance.