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Improving parent–child interactions in maltreating families with the Attachment Video-feedback Intervention: parental childhood trauma as a moderator of treatment effects
- Authors:
- VAN DER ASDONK Sabine, CYR Chantal, ALINK Lenneke
- Journal article citation:
- Attachment and Human Development, 23(6), 2021, pp.876-896.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Research is demonstrating the effectiveness of attachment-based interventions for maltreating families. However, parents’ own traumatic childhood experiences may interfere with treatment effects. The current study investigated in a sample of maltreating families whether effects of the Attachment Video-feedback Intervention (AVI) on parent–child interactive quality were moderated by parental childhood trauma. Families were randomized to receive AVI (n = 29) or a Psychoeducative intervention (PI; n = 19), or they were in anon-randomized comparison group (RS; n = 40). Parents filled out the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and videotapes of parent–child interactions were coded for interactive quality. Parents who received AVI showed improved parent–child interactive quality compared to parents in PI and RS groups. However, parents with more severe levels of childhood trauma showed less improvements. Future research should explore whether clinical attention with a specific focus on trauma would increase treatment effects. (Edited publisher abstract)
Learning disability imagined differently: an evaluation of interviews with parents about discovering that their child has down’s syndrome
- Author:
- FRIZELL Caroline
- Journal article citation:
- Disability and Society, 36(10), 2021, pp.1574-1593.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This article presents findings of a qualitative research study evaluating interviews with eight parents about their experience of discovering their child has Down's Syndrome. The article presents five themes emerging from a qualitative research study using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) as an evaluation method. The themes comprise what it is that makes a life worth living, the loss of an illusion, the language we use to speak about learning disability, the myths that surround it and wider issues of belonging. The diagnosis of a child with Down’s Syndrome confronts parents with neoliberal values, that are underpinned by the idea that happiness and fulfilment are derived from independence, success and economic productivity. As a learning disabled child is welcomed into the family, an opportunity is presented to question our assumptions and beliefs about learning disability, to re-evaluate what we mean by normal, to challenge neoliberal values and to imagine disability differently. (Edited publisher abstract)
Child’s adjustment and parent-child contact after child placement into foster care: a systematic review
- Authors:
- POITRAS Karine, PORLIER Sarah, TARABULSY George M.
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Public Child Welfare, early cite 22 June 2021,
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Whereas most biological parents have some form of contact with their children following foster placement, the outcomes of parental visitation for child adjustment remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to document associations between parent-child contact and foster child’s adjustment. Research databases for social services and psychology were systematically searched for relevant studies. Of 174 potential studies explored, 18 empirical studies were retained. Analysis revealed that parental contact is associated with attachment to the biological parent, but not with academic functioning or attachment to the foster parent. On the other hand, the results on associations between parental contact and behavioral adjustment are more contradictory, and they generally indicate an absence of association between those variables. These findings suggest that other factors are more salient for understanding the adjustment of foster children. (Edited publisher abstract)
Prospecting the attachment research field: a move to the level of engagement
- Authors:
- SCHUENGEL Carlo, VERHAGE Marije L., DUSCHINSKY Robbie
- Journal article citation:
- Attachment and Human Development, 23(4), 2021, pp.375-395.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
This paper prospected the evidence synthesized in meta-analyses on child–parent attachment to discuss its implications for the future of attachment research. Based on the 75 identified meta-analyses, effect size benchmarks may need to be adjusted to small (r = .10), medium (r = .20), and large (r = .30). Topics of attachment meta-analyses predominantly (53%) reflected interest in testing theory. Bibliometric analysis of scientific publications (k = 7,595) that cited these meta-analyses reflect waxing uptake in work on interventions, mental health, and attachment anxiety/avoidance and waning uptake in work on attachment relationships and representations, except for the subtopics of sensitivity and fathers. Prospects for scientifically rigorous research are to be found in engagement with stakeholders working to address important societal challenges. Promoting nurturing care and reducing harm in child welfare contain “Goldilocks-problems” that are amenable to incremental progress while simultaneously advancing theory and methods. (Edited publisher abstract)
The God, the blood, and the fuzzy: reflections on Cornerstones and two target articles
- Author:
- GRANQVIST Pehr
- Journal article citation:
- Attachment and Human Development, 23(4), 2021, pp.412-421.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In response to Cornerstones of attachment research and the target articles, I reflect on three questions. First, what is “attachment”? Although a natural kind, I argue against an essentialist understanding (i.e. in terms of necessary/sufficient conditions for class membership). Instead, the attachment concept must be allowed to have fuzzy boundaries, partly because of how attachments transform in both phylogeny and ontogeny. Second, how to think about the normative (species-typical) features of the theory vis-à-vis dyadic/individual differences in attachment? Whereas the former are foundational, I argue that the latter largely reflect surface variation. Despite this, the lion’s share of attachment research has horned in on variation and its measurement, to some detriment to the theory’s potential and applications. Finally, what is encouraging and discouraging about recent developments? While applauding large-scale cooperative endeavors (e.g. individual participant meta-analyses, consensus statements) I caution the field not to lose sight of the value of smaller-scale, creative explorations of uncharted territories. (Edited publisher abstract)
Replication crisis lost in translation? On translational caution and premature applications of attachment theory
- Authors:
- VAN IJZENDOORN Marinus H., BAKERMANS-KRANENBURG Marian J.
- Journal article citation:
- Attachment and Human Development, 23(4), 2021, pp.422-437.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
In the biomedical, behavioral and neurobiological sciences reproducibility and replicability of research results have become a major issue. The question is whether attachment research is also plagued by lack of replicability, and if so whether one can speak of a crisis? Furthermore, discussions about the applicability of attachment research findings to policy and (clinical) practice have recently been intensified. The subsequent question arises whether one could even speak of a “translational crisis”. In this paper assumptions and conditions of replicability and applicability will be outlined. Some examples of attachment findings lost or found in translation to policy and practice (e.g. on infant crying and parental insensitive responsiveness) will be used to illustrate the challenges and chances of bridging the gap between attachment science and practice. (Edited publisher abstract)
Body, relationship, space: dance movement therapy as an intervention in embodied social work with parents and their children
- Authors:
- CROOKS Anna, MENSINGA Jo
- Journal article citation:
- Australian Social Work, 74(2), 2021, pp.250-258.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
Dance Movement Therapy (DMT) is an evidenced-based practice where the body is central. While embodiment in Social Work is emerging as an area of interest and could benefit from incorporating key DMT principles into practice, DMT could also benefit from adopting a social justice agenda. Illustrated through the lens of attachment and the parent–child relationship, themes from DMT literature position the body, relationship, and space as key areas of embodied practice. The DMT principles, when approached as an act for social justice, can potentially affect social transformation, beginning with the first relationship. (Edited publisher abstract)
Measuring parenting skills: validating the skills assessment for parents with intellectual disability
- Authors:
- ZEITLIN Wendy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Evidence-Based Social Work, 18(2), 2021, pp.235-248.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Purpose: Parents with intellectual disabilities (ID) are overrepresented in the child welfare system. Valid instruments are needed to assess parenting skills in this population. This research evaluates the psychometric properties of the Skills Assessment for Parents with Intellectual Disability (SAPID), an observational instrument completed to assess parents with ID with child welfare involvement. Method: All clients enrolled in a prevention program for parents with ID were included in the sample (N = 133). Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to understand the validity of the SAPID. Predictive validity was assessed by examining change over time with two outcomes: out-of-home placement and program completion. Results: The validated SAPID consisted of three latent constructs: daily life skills, parent–child interaction, and overall safety. Parenting skills across all domains significantly improved for families remaining intact and those completing the program. Discussion: The validated SAPID should be considered for use in assessing parenting skills for those with ID. (Edited publisher abstract)
Trauma assessment in juvenile justice: are we asking the right questions in the right ways?
- Authors:
- ZELECHOSKI Amanda D., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Aggression Maltreatment and Trauma, 30(3), 2021, pp.324-346.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The number of juvenile justice-involved youth with histories of traumatic exposure is disproportionately high and increasingly concerning. Deeper understanding of the link between trauma and delinquency can be facilitated by more comprehensive methods of trauma assessment, especially given the vast underreporting trends in this vulnerable population. This paper provides an overview of current considerations and challenges related to trauma screening and assessment in juvenile justice settings, as well as discussion of practical implications of trauma-informed approaches. Results of a pilot study (N = 23) that examined discrepancy between informants (juvenile justice-involved youth and their parent/guardian) and self-report assessment method (computer-administered intake screening, written questionnaires, and structured screening interview) in trauma screening will then be presented to provide preliminary empirical support for more comprehensive trauma assessment practices. Given that obtaining thorough and accurate historical information is critical to juvenile detention, diversion, and rehabilitation efforts, this paper considers whether the right people are asking the right questions in the right ways to best understand the nature and impact of traumatic experiences for juvenile justice-involved youth. (Edited publisher abstract)
Front-line social work jobs and secondary trauma: impact on parenting
- Authors:
- CAPPICCIE Amy, SULLIVAN Dana J., HYPPOLITE Melody
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 30(7), 2020, pp.892-904.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
This nonrandom pre-experimental posttest only group design study sought to examine levels of secondary trauma in social work professionals and the impact of this trauma on parenting behavior. Participants (n = 421) completed measures focused on demographic data and normed scales in the areas of primary trauma, secondary trauma, and parenting styles. Results noted moderate levels of primary trauma and low moderate levels of secondary trauma. A negative correlation was noted between years of service and overall secondary trauma. Child Protective Services Workers (CPS) were noted to report an increased likelihood of primary and secondary trauma compared to the rest of the sample. Overall, a positive correlation was noted between secondary trauma and authoritarian parenting, and, conversely, a negative correlation was noted between secondary trauma and authoritative parenting. A smaller but significant finding was noted in high secondary trauma and permissive parenting. This information is important for teaching and training opportunities to educate social workers and other paraprofessionals on the impact of secondary trauma on parenting behaviors. Awareness can lead to personal changes, as well as changes in curriculum to support prevention efforts. (Publisher abstract)