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A randomized effectiveness trial of brief parent training: six-month follow-up
- Authors:
- KJOBLI John, BJORNEBEKK Gunnar
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.603-612.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Objective: Using a randomized controlled trial and parent and teacher reports, this study examined the effectiveness of brief parent training (BPT) for children with emerging or existing conduct problems compared to regular services 6 months after the end of the intervention. Participants included 216 children (3–12 years) and parents randomly assigned to BPT or a comparison group. Results: BPT had beneficial effects on caregiver assessments of parenting practices (such as positive parenting and harsh discipline) and child conduct problems in the families 6 months after the intervention. The effects of BPT in schools and day care centers were limited. Compared to posttest the effects sizes were smaller and number of significant effects lower. Conclusion: Although effects decreased over time, this study demonstrate that a short-term manual-based intervention (3-5 sessions) could be effective in reducing conduct problems 6 month after the intervention. (Edited publisher abstract)
Changes in intimate partner violence among women mandated to community services
- Authors:
- MACY Rebecca J., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.624-638.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Increasingly, female victims of intimate partner violence (IPV) are charged with IPV perpetration and mandated by courts or child protective services to receive domestic violence services. A critical need exists for evidence-based interventions targeting the needs of this unique population, but such research is scarce. This study evaluates an intervention developed by two community-based agencies and delivered to 70 female IPV victims who are primary caregivers for children and mandated to services. Using a quasi-experimental design, IPV perpetration and victimization data are collected at three time points: baseline, program completion, and 3-month follow-up. Analyses use binary logistic regression to control for clustering and to incorporate time-varying covariates. Results show statistically significant reductions in both IPV victimization and perpetration at program completion. This study also provides evidence for the feasibility of recruiting and retaining this vulnerable group of IPV victims in research studies conducted in community-based settings. (Edited publisher abstract)
Parenting interventions implementation science: how delivery format impacts the parenting wisely program
- Authors:
- COTTER Katie L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.639-650.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Objectives: This study examines the implementation and effectiveness of Parenting Wisely, an Internet-based parenting skills intervention. The study assesses whether parents benefit from Parenting Wisely participation and whether the delivery format influences program effectiveness. Method: This study uses a quasi-experimental design. Participating parents (N = 144) come from a rural, impoverished, ethnically diverse county in a Southeastern state in the USA. The intervention is delivered via four formats: parents-only intensive workshop, parents-only 5-week group, parent and adolescent 5-week group, and parent and adolescent online format. Results: Findings show an association between Parenting Wisely participation and improvements in family problem solving, family roles, family involvement, parenting self-efficacy, parenting sense of competence, and decreased adolescent violent behavior. Effect sizes vary by delivery format. Conclusion: Positive program effects vary by delivery format and outcome. Practice implications are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Fidelity in after-school program intervention research: a sytematic review
- Authors:
- MAYNARD Brandy R., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.603-612.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Objective: This study examined whether and to what extent researchers addressed intervention fidelity in research of after-school programs serving at-risk students. Method: Systematic review procedures were used to search, retrieve, select, and analyze studies for this review. Fifty-five intervention studies were assessed on the following components of intervention fidelity: strategies to enhance fidelity, measurement of fidelity, and use of fidelity data in data analysis and interpretation. Results: Of the 55 studies examined, only 55% reported well-defined intervention procedures, 42% used an intervention manual, 33% provided training on the intervention, 24% provided supervision for the implementers, 29% measured fidelity, only 4% used fidelity data in their analysis, and no studies reported the reliability of fidelity measures. Conclusion: Findings indicate an overall lack of attention to and reporting of intervention fidelity in after-school intervention studies. Implications for practice, policy, and research are discussed. (Publisher abstract)
Reshaping child welfare’s response to trauma: assessment, evidence-based intervention, and new research perspectives
- Authors:
- AI Amy L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.651-668.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Growing evidence has linked early trauma with severe psychiatric consequences. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a potentially debilitating mental health condition found among some youth in foster care and foster care alumni. However, the current child welfare practice response has not met the demands in both assessment and intervention. This critical review aims to use the evidence to reshape the child welfare response to trauma in children and adolescents. The article begins by looking at research on the psychiatric consequences of child maltreatment and issues related to diagnostic assessment for PTSD. Next, it compares major foster care/alumni studies showing considerably higher rates of PTSD among young foster care recipients and alumni than among nationally comparable groups. To inform practice on childhood trauma, the article then summarises current evidence-based interventions showing effectiveness with PTSD. Finally, new dimensions, such as gene–environment research, posttraumatic growth, and implications for reshaping child welfare practice and foster care are explored. (Edited publisher abstract)
Effective single-parent training group program:three system studies
- Authors:
- BRIGGS Harold E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.680-693.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Objective: This study highlights Dr. Elsie Pinkston and colleagues’ research on the effectiveness of behaviour parent training and examines the application of single-parent training group (SPG) programs to three parent-child dyads exposed to distressed family circumstances. Methods: Single-system evaluation designs were conducted with two single birth parents, one single foster parent, and each parent’s three respective children, in an effort to appraise the results of a SPG program. Results: Two of the three parent–child dyads benefited from the SPG. Results suggested that there were changes in parent reinforcement and attention behaviours and children’s noncompliant behaviours. Conclusion: Behavioural improvements in single parent and child dyads lend support for the effectiveness of the parent training group for single parents. Implications for practice and future research on SPG programs are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Shared decision making for clients with mental illness: a randomized factorial survey
- Authors:
- LUKENS Jonathan M., SOLOMON Phyllis, SORENSON Susan B.
- Journal article citation:
- Research on Social Work Practice, 23(6), 2013, pp.694-705.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Objective: This study tests the degree to which client clinical characteristics and environmental context and social workers’ practice values and experience influenced support for client’s autonomy and willingness to engage in shared decision making (SDM), and whether willingness to engage in SDM was mediated by support for autonomy. Method: A randomized factorial survey of social workers working with adults with severe mental illness was employed. Eighty-seven social workers responded yielding 435 vignettes. Results: Hypotheses were partially supported. Diagnosis, symptomology, threats of harm, treatment adherence, substance use, and social workers’ values and experience predicted support for autonomy and willingness to engage in SDM. Willingness to engage in SDM was modestly mediated by support for autonomy. Conclusion: Helping social workers avoid bias in decision making is critical to the goal of supporting clients’ autonomy, building their capacity, minimizing disempowerment, and promoting recovery. (Edited publisher abstract)
Child maltreatment victimization and subsequent perpetration of young adult intimate partner violence an exploration of mediating factors
- Authors:
- MILLETT Lina S., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Maltreatment, 18(2), 2013, pp.71-84.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study examined whether young adults with documented histories of child maltreatment had higher records of documented severe intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration than an income-matched control group. It also examined whether this association was mediated by juvenile violent delinquency, problematic substance use, or mental health problems. Study data came from one state’s administrative public sector records of child welfare, juvenile court, mental health, income maintenance, and birth records. The study employed a prospective longitudinal design to follow children for 16 years (N = 5,377). The IPV was measured by police arrests and temporary restraining order petitions. Multiple group path analysis was used to examine mediation hypotheses and determine whether they differed by gender. The study found that IPV perpetration rates were higher among maltreated than control participants and higher in maltreated men than in women. For men, maltreatment had both direct and mediated effects on IPV perpetration through violent delinquency. For women, maltreatment did not directly or indirectly predict IPV perpetration, though low power makes these findings tentative. The study highlights the importance of child maltreatment prevention as a way to reduce violence later in life and suggests that the juvenile justice system may also provide a point of intervention for the maltreated youth. (Publisher abstract)
Effects of adolescent physical abuse, exposure to neighborhood violence, and witnessing parental violence on adult socioeconomic status
- Authors:
- COVEY Herbert C., MENARD Scott, FRANZESE Robert J.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Maltreatment, 18(2), 2013, pp.85-97.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study utilizes longitudinal self-report data from the US National Youth Survey Family Study to investigate how adolescent physical abuse, exposure to neighbourhood violence and witnessing domestic violence influence future socioeconomic statuses: marital status, educational attainment, employment, income, and wealth (net worth). Significant associations with adult socioeconomic statuses are found most often for physical abuse, but neighbourhood violence is the only one of the three that is predictive of adult employment. Witnessing parental violence is associated with adult income and net worth. Limitations and policy implications of the present research, in the context of past research in this area, are considered. (Edited publisher abstract)
Problem-specific racial/ethnic disparities in pathways from maltreatment exposure to specialty mental health service use for youth in child welfare
- Authors:
- MARTINEZ Jonathan I., GUDINO Omar G., LAU Anna S.
- Journal article citation:
- Child Maltreatment, 18(2), 2013, pp.98-107.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The authors examined racial/ethnic differences in pathways from maltreatment exposure to specialty mental health service use for youth in contact with the Child Welfare system. Participants included 1,600 non-Hispanic White, African American, and Latino youth (age 4–14) who were the subjects of investigations for alleged maltreatment and participated in the National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being. Maltreatment exposure, internalizing, and externalizing problems were assessed at baseline and subsequent specialty mental health service use was assessed 1 year later. Maltreatment exposure predicted both internalizing and externalizing problems across all racial/ethnic groups, but non-Hispanic White youth were the only group for whom maltreatment exposure was linked with subsequent service use via both internalizing and externalizing problem severity. Only externalizing problems predicted subsequent service use for African American youth and this association was significantly stronger relative to non-Hispanic White youth. Neither problem type predicted service use for Latinos. Future research is needed to understand how individual-, family-, and system-level factors contribute to racial/ethnic differences in pathways linking maltreatment exposure to services via internalizing/externalizing problems. (Publisher abstract)