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Contrasts and reflections: Social work fieldwork supervision in Brazil and England
- Authors:
- HAANWINCKEL Barbara Zilli, FAWCETT Barbara, GARCIA Joana Angelica Barbosa
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 61(6), 2018, pp.943-953.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article compares field supervision in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to practices in a major city in England in order to contextualize the academic training of students. It considers practical dimensions and incorporates a qualitative study carried out in England exploring how the process of supervision in social work affects student learning and development from the supervisor’s perspective. In the study, particular attention is paid to field support provided to students and to practice educator qualifications. The results support the importance of placement supervision and the role of practice educators and supervisors in the overall social work education process. (Publisher abstract)
Teenagers with visual impairment and new media: a world without barriers
- Authors:
- LIBERA Bianca Della, JURBERG Claudia
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Visual Impairment, 35(3), 2017, pp.247-256.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Mobile communication technology is an essential part of life of adolescents nowadays, and those with visual impairments are no exception. In focus group interviews with students from a school for the blind and the visually impaired in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the author found that, despite the visual nature of social media, they use and enjoy these resources as much as their sighted peers. These students are aware of the possibilities and constraints that social media might bring to them but, with the help of assistive technology, make the most of it. After listening to their voices, the authors believe it is time to incorporate social media into pedagogical practice, in order to develop their learning process and life skills. (Edited publisher abstract)
The effects of intimate partner violence: exposure on the maternal bond and PTSD symptoms of children
- Authors:
- BOECKEL Mariana Gonclaves, WAGNER Adriana, GRASSI-OLIVERIA Rodrigo
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(7), 2017, pp.1127-1142.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The quality of the maternal bond can be disrupted in women exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV), causing them to be less available to their children. The aim of this study was to examine difficulties in emotional regulation in women exposed to IPV and the impact of IPV on both the maternal bond and posttraumatic symptoms among children. A cross-sectional study was carried out with two groups: IPV dyads (n = 36) comprising mothers who had been exposed to IPV and their children, and control dyads (n = 27) comprising non-abused mothers and their children. Information was obtained via structured interviews including scales regarding IPV, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, maternal bond, and difficulties in emotional regulation. Correlation analyses showed a positive association between the severity of IPV, PTSD symptom severity in children, and difficulties of emotional regulation in mothers. They also showed a negative association between IPV and the quality of the maternal bond. Regression models demonstrated that exposure to sexual IPV, maternal difficulties in emotion regulation, and younger age of the mother are important predictors of lower quality of the maternal bond. Difficulties in emotional regulation and sexual IPV disrupted the quality of the maternal bond among women and their children. In addition, lower quality of maternal bond was associated with higher PSTD symptoms among children. (Publisher abstract)
Social work theory-practice relationship: challenges to overcoming positivist and postmodern fragmentation
- Author:
- MONTAÑO Carlos
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 55(3), 2012, pp.306-319.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article, based on a Latin American perspective, analyses the controversial relationship between theory and practice in social work and its positivist divorce and forced unity which reduces theory to an ‘instrumental-operational’ knowledge. The article aims to contribute towards overcoming the positivistic rationality approach toward the theory and practice relationship. Based on a critical perspective, the article presents proposals to overcome some limitations of the conservative theory and practice approach.
Participant or protagonist? A critical analysis of children and young people’s participation in São Paulo, Brazil
- Author:
- KINA Victoria Jupp
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 55(3), 2012, pp.320-336.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article examines the concepts of participation and protagonism using reflections of practitioners working in three NGOs in São Paulo, Brazil. Each NGO contained between seven and twenty three staff members, who’s interviews were analysed. The article identified key conceptual differences between participation and protagonism. Protaganism connects participation and citizenship, facilitating a shift away from the current focus on political participation towards the recognising of participation as a mechanism for collaborative decision making and action. Also, protagonism embraces the ides of non-participation through focusing on the internal processes of learning and development. In ending, the article highlights the interconnectedness of the two concepts and argues for a move away from the categorical approach within theoretical frameworks.
Food security and gender mainstreaming: possibilities for social transformation in Brazil
- Authors:
- LESSA Iara, ROCHA Cecilia
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 55(3), 2012, pp.337-352.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Gender mainstreaming strategies are promoted by major international organisations and governments. This paper focuses on gender mainstreaming strategies as one aspect of a food security project implemented in three urban areas of Brazil and discusses the effects of the strategy. The article summarises the debate around gender mainstreaming, its definitions, critiques and promises. It then describes the food project and then its gender mainstreaming strategy. It then uses reports from local coordinators to examine further the strategy implementation and to provide evidence of the mainstreaming outcomes. The article concludes with a discussion of how the challenges of gender mainstreaming are perceived as a strategy for change.
Alcohol may not cause partner violence but it seems to make it worse: a cross national comparison of the relationship between alcohol and severity of partner violence
- Authors:
- GRAHAM Kathryn, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(8), May 2011, pp.1503-1523.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Alcohol is often related to more severe aggression and domestic violence. This is of particular concern to modern health officials. This study investigated whether severity of physical partner aggression is associated with alcohol at the time of the incident, and whether the relationship between drinking and aggression severity is the same for men and women and across different countries. Surveys were conducted in 13 countries as part of the GENACIS collaboration, and included 19,767 females and 14,634 males aged 18 to 65 years. Respondents described the most physically aggressive act done to them by a partner in the past 2 years, rated the severity of aggression on a scale of 1 to 10, and reported whether either partner had been drinking when the incident occurred. Findings revealed that severity ratings were significantly higher when one or both partners had been drinking. The relationship did not differ significantly for men and women or by country. In conclusion, alcohol consumption serves to intensify domestic violence when it occurs – a pattern which holds true across diverse cultures.
The impact of associational membership on political engagement: a comparative investigation of Brazil and India
- Authors:
- MENON Natasha, DAFTARY Dolly
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 54(1), January 2011, pp.81-96.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This study examined the diversity of membership of civic associations in Brazil and India. It asked whether social and political association memberships have different effects on political engagement, what is the impact of political interest on political engagement, and do these relationships differ across countries. Data from the World Values Survey 2005/6 was used, and included 1,500 samples from Brazil, and 2,001 from India. Membership in a religious, recreational, arts or charitable organisation was categorised as a social association membership, while membership in a labour union, political party, environmental organisation, professional association or consumer organisation was categorised as a political association membership. Findings indicated that social association membership had a negative effect on political engagement. Social association membership and political association membership where positively related in both countries. Finally, political association membership had a significant positive effect on political interest in both India and Brazil.
The work and health process in the sugarcane agroindustry in Franca, Brazil
- Authors:
- LOURENCO Edvania Angela de Souza, BERTANI Iris Fenner
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 54(1), January 2011, pp.67-79.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The exploitation of the sugarcane industry has been a part of Brazil’s history for many years. A total of 22 deaths have been reported since 2004, largely due to exhaustion on the part of the workers, and workers’ average working life expectancy is shorter than that of 19th century slaves. This paper explored the social determinants of the health of sugarcane agroindustry workers in the region of Franca, in the countryside of São Paulo State, Brazil, from 2005 to 2006. It considers the current socio-economic, historical, political and cultural conditions prevalent. The hiring of labour, mostly migrant, happens in a context of inequality, and therefore exploitation. Because they are outsiders, the mills are exempt from social duties as the workers arrive in large numbers, work to exhaustion, and leave within eight months on average. The authors concluded that the introduction of production incentives have created obstacles to the consolidation of citizenship and social movements to demand better working conditions.
Fighting exclusion with culture and art: examples from Brazil
- Author:
- REITER Bernd
- Journal article citation:
- International Social Work, 52(2), March 2009, pp.155-166.
- Publisher:
- Sage
This article demonstrates that artistic activity is an important tool for deepening democracy, because it provides a vehicle for the excluded to reach the public sphere, thus making it more heterogeneous. As artists, they become active citizens and step out of the invisibility into which racism and exclusion has forced them.