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The crying infant: understandable only in a multidisciplinary perspective
- Authors:
- WIKANDER B., THEORELL T.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.246-254.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
The parents' perception of how much their infant cries does not always correspond to the objective amount. The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the parents' perception of the infants' crying and the objective amount of crying and to explore the factors of conceivable importance to the perception of infant crying as well as to the measurable amount of crying.
Bases, objectives and dimensions of social development
- Author:
- REMION G.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.290-297.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
Distribution of home help services in an elderly urban population: data from the Kungsholmen Project
- Authors:
- TORRES Aguero, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.274-279.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
Data from the total urban population 75 years and older in Kungsholmen, Stockholm, were used to calculate the distribution of home help services. Results show that 86% of the elderly population in the Municipality of Kungsholmen live in their own homes, even when they are very old. 27% of those over 74 years and 33% of those over 80 years received home help services. The people receiving help were mostly women, single living, older and with disability detected by the Katz Activities of Daily Living Scale. Findings stress the need for more attention by health care planners of domiciliary and intensive care and residential facilities for the high risk population (very old, living alone, and with a disability.)
Early feeding problems: identification by parents and health care personnel
- Authors:
- BOHLIN G., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.238-245.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
This study investigated the discrepancy between parental reports indicating a high prevalence of feeding problems during infancy and the relatively low identification rate of such cases at child health care centres.
Ethnic and cultural differences in knowledge about HIV and AIDS: a study of 150 young women from Sweden, Chile and Ecuador
- Authors:
- BAYARD L., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.262-266.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
This article illustrates the difference in knowledge about HIV and AIDS and attitudes among 150 young women from Sweden, Chile and Ecuador. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of age, education, ethnicity and religion on their knowledge. The study found that ethnicity was the most important variable.
Attitudes towards the welfare state have several dimensions: evidence from Finland
- Authors:
- SIHVO T., UUSITALO H.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.215-223.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
The dimensions and structures of opinions on the welfare state are not well known. This study distinguishes five dimensions based on previous literature: responsibility for welfare, financing of the welfare state, the use of benefits, the adequacy of the welfare state benefits and the effects of the welfare state. One or more attitude indicators are formed for each dimension by means of factor analysis of empirical material. Examination of the correlations between the dimensions and attitudes yields two opinion structures. A supportive attitude structure is founded on the concept that public authorities have responsibility for welfare services, a positive attitude towards public financing of welfare services, and on the concepts that the amount and quality of services and the level of income transfers is not adequate. The critical cluster of attitudes is formed by the reliance on private responsibility, negative attitude towards public financing and on the concepts that benefits are overused and that the welfare state makes its clients passive. Finally, the variation in attitudes among the population of Finland are studied by means of regression analysis. Social Class, age and political party sympathies are the most important explanatory factors for a range of attitudes.
Pension reform in Sweden
- Author:
- STAHLBERG A-C.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.267-273.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
Pension reform has been placed on the political agenda in many countries. The Swedish parliament has decided to make significant changes in the pension system. This article presents the Swedish pension reform, which goes further than the changes in other European countries. According to the reforms, there will be a guaranteed pension that redistributes life-cycle incomes from rich to poor and an income-related actuarial pension without any intra- and intergenerational redistributive effects (with a few exceptions). The idea is to have an actuarial contribution-defined pension within a pay-as-you-go system.
War-wounded refugees in Sweden : background and flight
- Authors:
- HERMANSSON A-C., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.255-261.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
Reports a study of newly arrived war-wounded refugees about their background and flight whilst being treated at the Medical Centre for Refugees, University Hospital, Linkoping, Sweden. The refugees came from nine countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Spinal cord injuries, nerve lesions, amputations and fractures were the most frequent injuries. The group was heavily burdened with regard to factors that might be of significance for wellbeing and integration in Swedish society.
Forced to work and liberated from work
- Authors:
- LINDQVIST R., MARKLUND S.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.224-237.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
The work-related nexus is essential in all social policy regimes. The question is in what situations individuals should be entitled to social welfare benefits and in which situations they should be obliged to work. Social welfare law and administrative practices define mechanisms that separate the deserving poor from people able to work. This article analyses the functions and character of these 'separation mechanisms' in Sweden during three periods in history: a) rural society in the late 19th century; b) in industrial society during the successful years of the Swedish model from World War II until the late 1970s; and c) the present, including the period of welfare retrenchment and reconsideration since the early 1980s.
Social work education: state of the art
- Author:
- COX D.
- Journal article citation:
- Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 4(4), October 1995, pp.280-289.
- Publisher:
- Munksgaard/ Blackwell
In assessing the appropriateness of contemporary social work education to its context, this article assumes that social work practice and education must relate to its social reality, and argues that, since the 1970s, reality has changed in relation to the role of the welfare state, perceptions of economic growth and the independence of the state. As a result, the roles of civil society, the community and welfare personnel have changed, with implications for social work. At the same time, the earlier tendency of social work to avoid the major social issues of the day is no longer appropriate, and this article outlines five major issues needing to be addressed by social work. In conclusion, the article presents four options that social work education should, as a total profession, address, if the profession is to play the roles demanded of it by its contemporary social reality.