This report reviews existing evidence and presents primary research in four case study care settings (two residential and two extra care) in England to assess the risks of summertime overheating, and investigate the preparedness of the care settings, both now and in the future. Hotter, drier summers with heatwaves of greater frequency and intensity have serious implications for the UK’s ageing population. The report shows that summertime overheating is both a current and future risk in care schemes, yet there is currently little awareness or preparedness at all levels, from designers to frontline staff, to implement suitable and long-term adaptation strategies. There is a perception that older people ‘feel the cold’, but less recognition that heat can also present a significant health risk and design for overheating is not commonplace; there is low prioritisation of overheating and future climate change (in briefing and design). There is a mismatch between the overheating risks predicted by climate modelling and those measured by empirical monitoring, which underplays present-day risks from high temperatures. The study found that there is a lack of effective heat management across the case studies due to a number of design and management issues, including lack of investment in appropriate strategies (such as external shading), conflicts between passive cooling strategies and occupant requirements. The report concludes that collaboration among government departments and professional institutions is necessary to harmonise and standardise health-related and building thermal comfort-related overheating thresholds, with particular consideration for care settings.
(Edited publisher abstract)
This report reviews existing evidence and presents primary research in four case study care settings (two residential and two extra care) in England to assess the risks of summertime overheating, and investigate the preparedness of the care settings, both now and in the future. Hotter, drier summers with heatwaves of greater frequency and intensity have serious implications for the UK’s ageing population. The report shows that summertime overheating is both a current and future risk in care schemes, yet there is currently little awareness or preparedness at all levels, from designers to frontline staff, to implement suitable and long-term adaptation strategies. There is a perception that older people ‘feel the cold’, but less recognition that heat can also present a significant health risk and design for overheating is not commonplace; there is low prioritisation of overheating and future climate change (in briefing and design). There is a mismatch between the overheating risks predicted by climate modelling and those measured by empirical monitoring, which underplays present-day risks from high temperatures. The study found that there is a lack of effective heat management across the case studies due to a number of design and management issues, including lack of investment in appropriate strategies (such as external shading), conflicts between passive cooling strategies and occupant requirements. The report concludes that collaboration among government departments and professional institutions is necessary to harmonise and standardise health-related and building thermal comfort-related overheating thresholds, with particular consideration for care settings.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
older people, environment, risk, prevention, vulnerable adults, case studies, extra care housing, residential care, social care provision;
This report looks in detail across ethnic groups and different aspects of life to examine the links between ethnicity and poverty in Wales. It draws on previous research and statistical data to analyse why some ethnic groups earn more, have higher qualifications, make more effective use of services and are better able to prosper in different places. Areas discussed include: employer behaviour and workplace culture; places and local labour markets; caring and earning; social networks; poverty through the recession; occupational and residential patterns; and employment projections for 2020. The authors look at the implications and make recommendations for policy makers, practitioners and citizens. Recommendations include finding ways to better engage with disadvantaged groups; integrating interventions to address ethnic inequality across mainstream programmes; and using early intervention and prevention approaches; shaping labour market activity, and using evidence of what works to tackle barriers caused by racism and discrimination.
(Edited publisher abstract)
This report looks in detail across ethnic groups and different aspects of life to examine the links between ethnicity and poverty in Wales. It draws on previous research and statistical data to analyse why some ethnic groups earn more, have higher qualifications, make more effective use of services and are better able to prosper in different places. Areas discussed include: employer behaviour and workplace culture; places and local labour markets; caring and earning; social networks; poverty through the recession; occupational and residential patterns; and employment projections for 2020. The authors look at the implications and make recommendations for policy makers, practitioners and citizens. Recommendations include finding ways to better engage with disadvantaged groups; integrating interventions to address ethnic inequality across mainstream programmes; and using early intervention and prevention approaches; shaping labour market activity, and using evidence of what works to tackle barriers caused by racism and discrimination.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
poverty, ethnicity, black and minority ethnic people, employment, education, prevention, labour market, social networks;
Sets out the findings of an evaluation of the international Evidence2Success (E2S) project during its first two and a half years, highlighting the main learning points for local councils, the NHS and others. The project, piloted by a cross-agency partnership in Perth and Kinross, seeks to improve children’s outcomes by moving resources towards evidence-based services, in a context of increased pressure to provide families with cost-effective support. The researchers found that: bespoke E2S survey tools enabled the partnership to assess the developmental needs of local children and young people and identify priorities; a survey of over 8,500 school pupils aged 9 to 15 and over 800 parents of younger children yielded rich information - when linked to council records, this provided striking evidence of unmet needs and the scope for preventive services; innovative financial mapping tools helped the local authority and its partners to produce ‘high-level’ estimates of overall spending on services; local leaders welcomed a culture-shift towards evidence-based service planning and were confident the E2S model could be replicated.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Sets out the findings of an evaluation of the international Evidence2Success (E2S) project during its first two and a half years, highlighting the main learning points for local councils, the NHS and others. The project, piloted by a cross-agency partnership in Perth and Kinross, seeks to improve children’s outcomes by moving resources towards evidence-based services, in a context of increased pressure to provide families with cost-effective support. The researchers found that: bespoke E2S survey tools enabled the partnership to assess the developmental needs of local children and young people and identify priorities; a survey of over 8,500 school pupils aged 9 to 15 and over 800 parents of younger children yielded rich information - when linked to council records, this provided striking evidence of unmet needs and the scope for preventive services; innovative financial mapping tools helped the local authority and its partners to produce ‘high-level’ estimates of overall spending on services; local leaders welcomed a culture-shift towards evidence-based service planning and were confident the E2S model could be replicated.
(Edited publisher abstract)
Subject terms:
evidence-based practice, childrens social care, intervention, performance evaluation, local authorities, surveys, user views, needs assessment, prevention, planning;
Two linked research reviews are summarised in this report. It examines how young people in the UK acquire their knowledge, attitude, expectations and intentions about alcohol, and also what interventions work best to prevent excessive use of alcohol in young people. The family is a key influence, with parenting style and family cohesion affecting knowledge, attitude and subsequent behaviour towards alcohol. There is less consensus about the influence of peers. The influence of marketing, schools, communities, religion and other cultural factors are also discussed. Interventions based on the family have the most evidence of effectiveness, and these have generally worked on enhancing family relationships. Interventions based on peers can also work but are less effective. It is concluded that an integrated community prevention system is needed, including parenting training, programmes based in schools, and enforcement of laws relating to underage alcohol purchasing.
Two linked research reviews are summarised in this report. It examines how young people in the UK acquire their knowledge, attitude, expectations and intentions about alcohol, and also what interventions work best to prevent excessive use of alcohol in young people. The family is a key influence, with parenting style and family cohesion affecting knowledge, attitude and subsequent behaviour towards alcohol. There is less consensus about the influence of peers. The influence of marketing, schools, communities, religion and other cultural factors are also discussed. Interventions based on the family have the most evidence of effectiveness, and these have generally worked on enhancing family relationships. Interventions based on peers can also work but are less effective. It is concluded that an integrated community prevention system is needed, including parenting training, programmes based in schools, and enforcement of laws relating to underage alcohol purchasing.
This report provides essential guidance for local multi-agency partnerships that are contemplating establishing and operating a drug consumption room (DCR) in the UK. A number of local partnerships across England, Wales and Scotland are currently discussing whether or how DCRs might help address their local drug problems. At present there are no DCRs in the UK, however, evidence elsewhere suggests that they can be valuable for engaging marginalised drug users, reducing overdose deaths and can have a beneficial impact on community safety in areas where public drug use is widespread.
This report provides essential guidance for local multi-agency partnerships that are contemplating establishing and operating a drug consumption room (DCR) in the UK. A number of local partnerships across England, Wales and Scotland are currently discussing whether or how DCRs might help address their local drug problems. At present there are no DCRs in the UK, however, evidence elsewhere suggests that they can be valuable for engaging marginalised drug users, reducing overdose deaths and can have a beneficial impact on community safety in areas where public drug use is widespread.
Subject terms:
medication, outcomes, prevention, crime, drug misuse;
A review of whether the approaches taken to tackling street crime by a social enterprise in Manchester might be relevant to similar neighbourhoods in other areas. The United Estates of Wythenshawe (UEW) group in south Manchester is tackling street crime through its work with young people in Benchill, one of the UK’s most deprived wards. By converting a disused church into a community centre with a gym and many other activities, the group now has a base from which to work with young people. This study reviews their work in sharing their approaches with similar neighbourhoods in the Midlands and the North of England.
A review of whether the approaches taken to tackling street crime by a social enterprise in Manchester might be relevant to similar neighbourhoods in other areas. The United Estates of Wythenshawe (UEW) group in south Manchester is tackling street crime through its work with young people in Benchill, one of the UK’s most deprived wards. By converting a disused church into a community centre with a gym and many other activities, the group now has a base from which to work with young people. This study reviews their work in sharing their approaches with similar neighbourhoods in the Midlands and the North of England.
Subject terms:
leisure activities, neighbours, prevention, social enterprises, young people, communities, crime;
Local responsibility for policy implementation is a core element of national strategy to reduce alcohol-related harms. This research, by a team at Middlesex University, reviews international experience of using a ‘multi-component’ approach to develop and implement community-based prevention programmes. The method typically requires a programme of co-ordinated initiatives, and emphasises changing local policies, structures, systems and drinking cultures. The study also examined the relevance of this approach locally in the UK.
Local responsibility for policy implementation is a core element of national strategy to reduce alcohol-related harms. This research, by a team at Middlesex University, reviews international experience of using a ‘multi-component’ approach to develop and implement community-based prevention programmes. The method typically requires a programme of co-ordinated initiatives, and emphasises changing local policies, structures, systems and drinking cultures. The study also examined the relevance of this approach locally in the UK.
Subject terms:
prevention, alcohol misuse, community care, collaboration;
The Government's alcohol strategy for England identified the drinks industry as a key partner in preventing alcohol problems and reducing levels of harm. This study examined the perspectives of a range of industry and non-industry stakeholders on this policy. It found that, although there was an expected polarisation on some issues, there was consensus on others.
The Government's alcohol strategy for England identified the drinks industry as a key partner in preventing alcohol problems and reducing levels of harm. This study examined the perspectives of a range of industry and non-industry stakeholders on this policy. It found that, although there was an expected polarisation on some issues, there was consensus on others.
Subject terms:
prevention, alcohol misuse, economics, government policy;
The persistence of poverty and disadvantage in a generally prosperous country causes immense damage. But how can strategies to combat these social ills be sustained for long enough to succeed? The JosephRowntreeFoundation has consulted widely on the directions such strategies should be taking. This report, written for the Foundation’s centenary conference in December 2004 - presents five simple
The persistence of poverty and disadvantage in a generally prosperous country causes immense damage. But how can strategies to combat these social ills be sustained for long enough to succeed? The JosephRowntreeFoundation has consulted widely on the directions such strategies should be taking. This report, written for the Foundation’s centenary conference in December 2004 - presents five simple challenges underlying a long-term, shared strategy. These combine a concern to enable individuals to escape poverty with a recognition of the significance of how people’s prospects and opportunities are affected by the places where they live, especially in the most deprived communities. The report identifies some simple measures that will tell us - by 2025 - both whether overall progress has been made and the extent to which the wide differences between places have been reduced. It argues for the building of a new consensus around such basic objectives. Above all, this will require the case for tackling poverty to be put more forcefully, convincing the public that poverty in our society harms us all.
Subject terms:
housing, planning, poverty, prevention, social exclusion, social welfare, benefits;
Although low pay is associated with an increased risk of poverty, not all people in low-paid jobs are poor. This report looks at the relationship between low pay, other sources of household income, and poverty. It covers four main topics: the extent of low pay in the UK; the overlap between individual low pay and household poverty; how people avoid poverty; and the policy issues and implications. Using data from the annual Family Expenditure Survey, it examines households’ various sources of income - earnings, income from other household members, and benefits/tax credits - to build up a picture of how some low-paid people avoid poverty. The authors found that most manage to avoid poverty because they live in households with employed partners or with other adults in work. Couples with just one low-paid earner have a high poverty risk. Lone parents are the most likely to have been helped out of poverty by tax credits supplementing their wages.
Although low pay is associated with an increased risk of poverty, not all people in low-paid jobs are poor. This report looks at the relationship between low pay, other sources of household income, and poverty. It covers four main topics: the extent of low pay in the UK; the overlap between individual low pay and household poverty; how people avoid poverty; and the policy issues and implications. Using data from the annual Family Expenditure Survey, it examines households’ various sources of income - earnings, income from other household members, and benefits/tax credits - to build up a picture of how some low-paid people avoid poverty. The authors found that most manage to avoid poverty because they live in households with employed partners or with other adults in work. Couples with just one low-paid earner have a high poverty risk. Lone parents are the most likely to have been helped out of poverty by tax credits supplementing their wages.
Subject terms:
income, income support, housing, poverty, prevention, social exclusion, social welfare, single parent families, benefits, employment;