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European transnational migration and homelessness in Scandinavia
- Author:
- AMUNDSON Erik
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Migration Health and Social Care, 13(1), 2017, pp.26-38.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the European transnational migration of poverty in a regional context, specifically focusing on homelessness among the migrant poor in Norway and Sweden. Gathering insight from individuals who routinely assist with social care, this research seeks to find out if the liberal provision of welfare and supportive services attracts poor migrants to this region from other parts of Europe. Design/methodology/approach: Qualitative in-depth interviews with individuals who provide social care assistance to homeless migrants in Oslo and Stockholm. Findings: The influx of people experiencing homelessness in these areas is comprised mainly of two distinct sub-populations. One group migrated in search of employment opportunities but struggled with tenuous working and living arrangements. A second more transient group appeared to be motivated by perceptions of Scandinavian benevolence and charity. Both groups lacked familiarity with the social welfare system but were generally uninhibited by cultural differences between their destination and country of origin. Research limitations/implications: The intent of this study is not to generalize to a broader population but to develop an in-depth exploration of homelessness and migration from the perspective of social care workers. Purposive sampling is used to gather insights from key informants that work closely with homeless migrants; however the findings can be limited by the unique experiences of each individual. Practical implications: In the public discourse on homelessness it is a mistake to group all homeless migrants together. Additionally it is important to distinguish between the needs of migrants and non-migrants, as these two homeless populations generally do not struggle with the same issues. Originality/value: With a better understanding of this issue, governments will be able to provide more adequate assistance and develop more effective initiatives to combat and prevent homelessness. (Publisher abstract)
A selective review of offending behaviour in individuals with autism spectrum disorders
- Author:
- GOMEZ DE LA CUESTA Gina
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Learning Disabilities and Offending Behaviour, 1(2), July 2010, pp.47-58.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
This research review, including key articles from the UK, USA, Scandinavia and Japan, investigates claims that people with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) are over represented in offending populations and are more likely to commit crimes than other people. Although difficulties with methodological differences make this area of research challenging, evidence on the prevalence of people with ASD in the criminal justice system to date does not substantiate these claims. This author claims ASD is not responsible for a large amount of crime in society, though certain aspects of ASD, such as social naivety, disruption of routines, lack of interpretation of social cues, and obsessions, may render those on the spectrum vulnerable to offending, and the rates and types of offending by those with ASD are discussed. For example, if co-morbid psychiatric conditions such as psychoses or depression are also present in a person with ASD, these are considered by this author as important risk factors for potential offending. Once in the criminal justice system people with ASD are often misunderstood and prone to bullying. This review revealed little about what treatment programmes are effective for offenders with ASD. The author concludes with a discussion of vulnerability in the criminal justice system, suggestions for future direction for research and implications for practice.
Deinstitutionalisation in Britain, Scandinavia and the USA
- Authors:
- MANSELL Jim, ERICSSON Kent
- Journal article citation:
- Tizard Learning Disability Review, 1(1), January 1996, pp.44-46.
- Publisher:
- Emerald
Despite many differences between policy and services in Scandinavia, the United States (USA) and Britain, deinstitutionalisation for people of all levels of disability and the closure of institutions really only started on a large scale in the 1980s. The article address the question of why.