Search results for ‘Publisher:"elsevier"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 292
Public preferences for paying for social care in later life in England: a latent class analysis
- Authors:
- READ Sanna, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Science and Medicine, 274, April 2021, p.113803.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
There is ongoing debate about how the funding system for social care of older people in England should best be reformed. We investigated how public attitudes to individual and state responsibility for paying for social care in later life vary with demographic and socio-economic characteristics. Four vignettes of individuals in need of home care or residential care with varying levels of savings, income and housing wealth were presented to a sample of people aged 18–75 years (n = 3000) in December 2018. Respondents were asked if care costs should be paid by the user, the state or shared. They were also asked about the best way to pay for social care in old age. Latent class analysis was used to identify sub-groups with similar preferences for paying for care, and to explore their socio-demographic characteristics. We identified five classes. The majority (Class 1, 58%) preferred that the state and the user should share social care costs. Class 2 (18%) thought that the state should pay all costs regardless of users' savings, income or housing wealth. Class 3 (15%) preferred users to pay all costs at all levels of savings, income and housing wealth, with the exception of those unable to afford the costs. Classes 4 and 5 (5% each) were characterised by different patterns of ‘don't know’ answers. Socio-economic status was higher among those proposing higher user contributions (Class 3) and lower among those with several ‘don't’ know’ responses (Classes 4 and 5). Concerns about care costs in old age were high among those proposing that the state pays all costs (Class 2) and those preferring that users pay all costs (Class 3). This study shows that public views on social care funding vary with respondents' characteristics and that proposals to reform the system need to be carefully calibrated. (Edited publisher abstract)
Equipping resource parents with the knowledge and attitudes to effectively parent teens: results from the CORE Teen training program
- Authors:
- FELTNER Alanna, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 121, 2021, p.105835.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Given the high rates of placement disruptions for teenagers, a need exists for resource parents (the collective term for foster, adoptive, kinship, and guardian caregivers) who are both willing and able to care for teenagers. In response to this need, the authors created Critical On-going Resource Family Education (CORE) Teen, a comprehensive foster parent training program designed to provide resource parents with the knowledge and skills to support teens in their care. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA compared the results from participants at the pretest (N = 188), posttest (N = 130), and follow up taken 90 days after training completion (N = 118). The results from trainings conducted across four states and one tribal nation indicate that participants demonstrated significant improvements in training competencies and characteristics in a number of factors related to parenting teenagers. (Edited publisher abstract)
Corporal punishment and reporting to child protection authorities: an empirical study of population attitudes in five European countries
- Authors:
- BURNS Kenneth, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 120, 2021, p.105749.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This study, which draws upon representative survey data of the populations of Austria (n = 1000), Estonia (n = 1069), Ireland (n = 1000), Norway (n = 1002) and Spain (n = 1000), compares population attitudes towards corporal punishment (CP) and whether citizens would report corporal punishment to the child protection authorities. We found significant cross-country differences in attitudes towards CP, but only small differences between countries in attitudes towards reporting it. The most interesting and puzzling finding was the mismatch between attitudes towards CP and attitudes towards reporting it: almost one third of individuals who reject CP would not report it, and a quarter of those accepting CP would report it. We discuss whether the observed mismatches are due to perceptions that the CP we described does not meet a threshold to require state intervention, and whether knowledge about bans of CP and/or moral obligations to report CP has impact. Furthermore, we discuss the role of populations’ confidence in the state and populations’ trust in the ability and competency of the child protection authorities to improve a child’s life. (Edited publisher abstract)
Frontline staff characteristics and capacity for trauma-informed care: implications for the child welfare workforce
- Authors:
- BOSK Emily A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 110(3), 2020, p.104536.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: Improved understanding of the lasting ways trauma can impact self-regulatory and relational capacities have increased calls for Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) for child welfare-involved families. Little is known, however, about how the attitudes and characteristics of frontline workers impact the implementation of TIC and job retention. This work fills an important gap in knowledge regarding the relationship between staff relational capacities, the implementation of TIC and staff retention. Objective: To understand the relationship between staff characteristics, endorsement of TIC and intent to turnover. Participants and setting: Three child and family serving agencies surveyed 271 staff from a populous Northeastern state. Methods: Regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between staff characteristics, Attitudes Related to Trauma Informed Care (ARTIC) score, and intent to turnover. Results: Higher levels of staff rejection sensitivity was associated with lower endorsement of Principles of Trauma-Informed Care (p < .05). Lower staff alignment with principles of TIC was associated with higher levels of intention to turnover and leave their organization (p < .05). Conclusion: Staff histories of relational loss and trauma may impact both workforce buy-in and readiness to implement TIC. Therefore, identifying staff sensitivity to rejection in the hiring process or after hire, and providing specific supports, such as reflective supervision, may enhance both service delivery and staff experiences' of their work. Additionally, using the ARTIC scale in the hiring process may also reduce staff turnover and burnout. Attending to staff relational characteristics is a critical component of promoting worker resilience. (Edited publisher abstract)
Service providers’ understanding of cross-cultural differences in belief of myths about child sexual abuse: results from a program evaluation study in Australia
- Author:
- SAWRIKAR Pooja
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 118, 2020, p.105391.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The scant research base on cross-cultural diversity may affirm universalist assumptions about the psychosocial experience of child sexual abuse (CSA). However, belief of myths about CSA may be higher in ethnic minority communities because of prohibitive social norms discussing any sexual matters which make them hard to challenge. Carers’ belief of myths about CSA are associated with poorer mental health among victims/survivors because they shift culpability from the perpetrator. Cultural and other barriers to help-seeking – which would allow emotional distress to be shared with relevant professionals (e.g. social workers, counselors, psychologists) – may further intensify this association. A professional development program addressing these complex issues was delivered and evaluated over six months using a mixed methods design (T1 n = 112, T2 n = 44). Trends consistent with the hypothesis were found: at follow-up, less service providers thought that belief of myths is cross-culturally equal, and more thought they were significantly more likely in ethnic minority communities. However, for Anglo service providers, the move may not just represent the program’s effectiveness but also permission to be more confident about their practice wisdom; with ‘colour blind’ leanings toward equivalence recorded prior to the program. For ethnic minority service providers, this tacit knowledge appeared to strengthen after the program, but is also associated with mixed feelings of empathy and judgment; they understand the multiple oppressions they navigate which cause them to become isolated in their trauma, but concurrently wish they were more aware of CSA to be able to take more self-determined responsibility for it. Although the cross-wave sample size was small, the results contribute new and innovative empirical data and larger replication studies can substantiate the tentative findings. Overall, the results show that service providers in multicultural countries like Australia appreciate opportunities to discuss the links between myths about CSA, ethnic minority communities, and collectivism. In particular, safe professional spaces for ethnic minority service providers to debrief on internal conflict appears necessary so that positive flow-on effects are reaped by the clients for whom such training programs are really developed. (Edited publisher abstract)
Attitudes towards trauma-informed care in residential out-of-home care
- Authors:
- GALVIN Emma, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 117, 2020, p.105346.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The attitudes of staff working in residential care towards trauma-informed care were measured prior to the implementation of The Sanctuary Model, an organisation-wide model and 6- months post implementation. The attitudes of 31 staff working in residential care were measured using the ARTIC-35 (baseline) and ARTIC-45 (follow-up) scales. Results revealed that staff had positive attitudes at baseline and follow-up, indicating an inherent empathy for, and understanding of, the importance of trauma-informed care. Attitudes towards on-the-job behaviour, self-efficacy at work, reactions to the work and responses to problem behaviour and symptoms were adaptable, in which differences were found between and within roles, within age groups and between length of time in their current role. Findings from this study should encourage further inquiry into the relationship between attitudes of staff working in residential care and their understanding of trauma responses, application of this knowledge into practice and the social and health outcomes of children and young people in out-of-home care. (Edited publisher abstract)
Barriers to adoption and foster care and openness to child characteristics among transgender adults
- Authors:
- GOLDBERG Abbie E., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 109, 2020, p.104699.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Purpose: This exploratory study reports findings from 448 transgender (trans) adults, 774 cisgender sexual minority men (CSMM), and 1514 cisgender sexual minority women (CSMW) in the United States, all of whom indicated an openness to adopting/fostering. Specifically, it reports trans adults’ fears of discrimination and openness to child characteristics in the adoption/foster care process, relative to cisgender sexual minority parents. Methods: An online survey was distributed by Clark University and the Human Rights Campaign (HRC), with the goal of understanding LGBTQ individuals’ attitudes, perceptions, and experiences related to adoption and foster care. Results: Trans adults reported more fears of discrimination regarding gender expression, gender identity, finances, and social support than CSMM and CSMW. Trans participants and CSMW expressed fewer fears of discrimination related to sexual orientation and more fears about mental health-related discrimination than CSMM. Trans adults were more open to children over 12, with behaviour problems, with a mental health diagnosis, and who are trans, than CSMM and CSMW. Trans adults and CSMW were more open than CSMM with regard to a sibling group, as well as children of colour, with a physical disability, and who are LGBQ. Conclusion: Trans prospective adopters/foster carers experience heightened fears surrounding potential barriers to adopting and fostering, but also demonstrate remarkable willingness to adopt “hard to place” children (i.e., children that have been historically overrepresented in the child welfare system). Adoption professionals should seek to support them in their efforts to become parents, while also ensuring that they have the resources needed to be successful. (Edited publisher abstract)
Practitioner and foster carer perceptions of the support needs of young parents in and exiting out-of-home care: a systematic review
- Authors:
- GILL Amy, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 108, 2020, p.104512.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Early parenthood is associated with a range of adverse health, economic and social outcomes. Young people with an out-of-home care (OoHC) background are more likely than their peers to become parents at an early age, and less likely to receive consistent support from their families. While previous literature reviews on this topic have focused on the experiences of young parents with an OoHC background, the perspectives of practitioners and carers are also integral to strengthening policies and practices to support this cohort. A systematic search of four databases and manual citation reviews revealed 23 articles published between January 1997 and December 2018 pertaining to 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria of responses from professionals and/or foster care providers regarding their experiences working with young parents. Salient themes included the challenges of parenting while in and exiting OoHC, placement issues, and high levels of need within this cohort. Practitioners and foster care providers also identified complications in service provision, limited resources, role confusion, and insufficient professional development in relation to their work. These findings highlight the importance of comprehensive, strengths-based, age-appropriate services for young parents within placements and after leaving care, as well as clearly delineated responsibilities and professional support for practitioners and foster care providers. (Edited publisher abstract)
Are child protection workers and judges in alignment with citizens when considering interventions into a family? A cross-country study of four jurisdictions
- Authors:
- BERRICK Jill, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 108, 2020, p.104562.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
This paper examines whether and how the views of professional decision makers in public agencies and courts in four child protection jurisdictions align with the views of the public. Democratic states are built on the foundation that state polices are accountable to, and represent, the citizens’ will. The extent to which this is the case in child protection is largely unknown. This study draws on survey vignette data collected from three samples (citizens, child protection staff and judiciary decision makers) representing society at large, the child welfare agency, and judicial systems in four jurisdictions - England, Finland, Norway, and the U.S. (California). Findings from this study suggest that there is a high degree of similarity across countries in the public’s views about children’s need for services, and the poor outcomes that may result absent a service response. Views between child protection professionals and the public diverge the most when considering if the child is suffering from neglect and the use of intrusive state interventions. Child protection staff and judges’ perspectives within each country are in general alignment and show the impact of the established systems on considerations. The results may have implications for the design of social policy in the area of child protection internationally. (Edited publisher abstract)
Paternal support for child sexual abuse victims: a qualitative study
- Authors:
- CYR Mireille, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Child Abuse and Neglect, 95, 2019, p.104049.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Background: The current state of knowledge regarding the role of non-offending fathers in supporting their sexually abused children is very scarce. Objective: The objective of this study is to further our understanding of fathers’ roles following disclosure of their children’s sexual abuse (SA) by evaluating fathers’ perceptions of the impact of disclosure on their involvement and support of their children. Participants and method: This qualitative study relies on individual semi-structured interviews conducted with 17 fathers of allegedly abused children. Results: Inductive thematic analysis first highlighted that some reported a period of disengagement from the child during which they put into question their role and attitudes, followed by a period of re-involvement. This period of difficulties experienced by some fathers in regard to their involvement towards their children was due to either their own important psychological distress, their ambivalence towards their child or even because of feelings of uneasiness experienced during physical contact with them. Despite this, findings indicate the presence of thoughts and attitudes that suggest children are a source of concern for fathers. The four forms of abuse-specific support previously observed among mothers (believing the child, seeking out professional services, protecting him/her from the offender, supporting him/her emotionally) were also observed among fathers. In accordance with the activation theory, a form of support specific to fathers, namely, encouraging the child to open up to and explore the world outside the family, thereby, fostering the child’s self-esteem development, was observed and constitutes a relevant finding. Conclusion: Clinical and empirical implications are discussed. (Edited publisher abstract)