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The emperor's new clothes?
- Author:
- TURNBULL J.
- Journal article citation:
- Nursing Times, 8.8.90, 1990, pp.64-65, 68.
- Publisher:
- Nursing Times
The author claims that "gentle teaching" for people with challenging behaviour is based on existing behaviour modification procedures.
Exploring user perceptions of occasional and controlled heroin use: a follow-up study
- Authors:
- McSWEENEY Tim, TURNBULL Paul J.
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 36p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- York
A previous study 'Occasional and controlled heroin use: not a problem?' revealed that some people felt able to regulate and manage their use of heroin so that it caused them few problems - a finding that is at odds with media portrayal of, political debate about and public understanding of heroin users. This study re-interviews up to 51 heroin users originally questioned during 2004 and 2005, establishes the stability of controlled and non-dependent patterns of use reported during the initial study, and eliminates the possibility that these were just transient or temporary changes in heroin use. The research offers a better understanding of the nature of dependence, and identifies tactics to help dependent heroin users gain greater control over their drug use and ultimately abstain.
Supervising crack-using offenders on drug treatment and testing orders
- Authors:
- TURNBULL Paul J., WEBSTER Russell
- Publisher:
- National Treatment Agency for Substance Misuse
- Publication year:
- 2007
- Pagination:
- 19p.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report presents the findings of a study into three services provided to crack-using offenders in three probation areas: central London, the West Midlands and Yorkshire. The study took place between August 2003 and May 2004 with the aim of identifying best practice in engaging and retaining crack users on Drug Treatment and Testing Orders (DTTOs). The case study areas were selected by the National Probation Directorate and the National Treatment Agency, which commissioned this study.
Occasional and controlled heroin use: not a problem?
- Authors:
- WARBURTON Hamish, TURNBULL Paul J., HOUGH Mark
- Publisher:
- Joseph Rowntree Foundation
- Publication year:
- 2005
- Pagination:
- 73p.
- Place of publication:
- York
While it is recognised that heroin is a dangerous drug causing considerable damage to individuals and communities, there are some people who appear to be able to control their use of the drug. A study, by the Institute for Criminal Policy Research, King’s College London, focused on a population of non-dependent and controlled dependent heroin users who saw their use as relatively problem-free. Using in-depth interviews with 51 people and an internet survey of 123 people, this study explored their experiences of heroin use. There is a largely hidden population of people who use heroin in stable and controlled ways over long periods of time. Some of the study’s respondents used heroin in such a way that they had not become dependent on the drug. Others were dependent on heroin, but controlled their regular use to a stable level. Some controlled dependent users reported periods of chaotic drug use in the past. Most respondents managed to look after themselves and their families, held down jobs, remained in relatively good health, and had a full social life. Controlling heroin use is a complex process achieved in different ways. Respondents reported varying strategies for avoiding dependence and for regulating their use. Non-dependent users tended to follow ‘using rules’ that enabled them to restrict the frequency with which they used. Dependent users contained the amount of heroin that they used on a regular basis, to ensure that their use did not intrude into their everyday work and social routines. Avoiding those involved in the ‘heroin scene’ and hiding their use helped this group to maintain identities with no associations with uncontrolled use, ‘junkies’ or ‘addicts’. The researchers conclude that popular understanding about heroin use is limited. There is little awareness that some people, in some circumstances, can effectively manage their heroin use so it causes them few problems. A better understanding of this point could lead to strategies to help chaotic users control their heroin use and to encourage users to take greater responsibility for regulating their own drug use.
Building bridges from offending into employment: the prison service response
- Authors:
- HEDDERMAN Carol, TURNBULL Paul J., WEBSTER Russell
- Journal article citation:
- Prison Service Journal, 134, March 2001, pp.42-44.
- Publisher:
- Her Majesty's Prison Service of England and Wales
Presents some preliminary findings from a review of literature on work that prisons do with offenders to increase their chances of employment on release.