Search results for ‘Author:"prohaska thomas r."’ Sort:
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The prescribed amount of physical activity in randomized clinical trials in older adults
- Authors:
- KRUGER Judy, BUCHNER David M., PROHASKA Thomas R.
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 49(S1), June 2009, pp.S100-S107.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article describes the amount of physical activity prescribed between 1980 and 2005 to sedentary older adults enrolled in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using MEDLINE, Health and Psychological Instruments, EBM Reviews, CINAHL, ERIC, PsychInfo, and Social Science Abstracts with the key words "exercise," "physical activity," and "older adult." More than 13,502 research abstracts were reviewed, and 160 RCTs 12 weeks or more in duration with documented outcomes of physical activity were synthesized. The average prescribed dose of aerobic activity provided by interventions for older adults was less than the recommended amount of 150 min or more per week of moderate-intensity physical activity. In interpreting the results of RCTs, there is an insufficient body of evidence on the relationship between physical activity and cognitive health. However, studies indicated that moderate-intensity physical activity had a positive effect on cognitive health. Given the broad consensus of a dose–response relationship between aerobic activity and a variety of health outcomes, the RCT literature appears to have underestimated the benefit of physical activity for previously sedentary older adults because the prescribed dosages are not consistent with those recommended.
Challenges and opportunities in recruiting and Retaining underrepresented populations into health promotion research
- Authors:
- WARREN-FINDLOW Jan, PROHASKA Thomas R., FREEDMAN David
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 43(Special Issue), March 2003, pp.37-46.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This article evaluates how recruitment strategies and program characteristics interact with participant characteristics to influence recruitment and retention in an exercise intervention study targeted to African American and White older adults with multiple chronic illnesses. Characteristics of 273 referrals and 103 enrollees were analyzed in conjunction with programmatic decisions about recruitment design and eligibility criteria. Eligible participants who did not enroll were younger and more likely to be under 60 and to self-report having diabetes. After 1 year, 70% of the enrolled participants remained in the programme. Programme attrition was not associated with randomization, race, or chronic illness but was associated with functional status, having a high school degree, and programme site.