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HIV, sex and sexuality in later life
- Author:
- et al
- Editor:
- HENRICKSON Mark
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
- Publication year:
- 2022
- Pagination:
- 224
- Place of publication:
- Bristol
Following the development of anti-retroviral therapies (ARVs), many people affected by HIV in the 1980s and 1990s have now been living with the condition for decades. Drawing on perspectives from leading scholars in Bangladesh, Canada, Hong Kong, New Zealand, Switzerland, Ukraine, the UK and the US, as well as research from India and Kenya, this book explores the experiences of sex and sexuality in individuals and groups living with HIV in later life. Contributions consider the impacts of stigma, barriers to intimacy, physiological sequelae, long-term care, undetectability, pleasure and biomedical prevention (TasP and PrEP). With the increasing global availability of ARVs and ageing populations, this book offers essential future directions, practical applications and implications for both policy and research. (Edited publisher abstract)
Women and HIV in the United Kingdom: data to end of December 2017
- Authors:
- BROWN A., et al
- Publisher:
- Public Health England
- Publication year:
- 2019
- Pagination:
- 55
- Place of publication:
- London
This report provides information on HIV among women in the UK. It includes information on: trends in new HIV diagnoses in women; clinical outcomes among women accessing HIV services in the UK; HIV testing patterns in antenatal and sexual health services; quality of life and experiences of women living with HIV; satisfaction with HIV services and extent that women’s social care and health needs are met. (Edited publisher abstract)
Alcohol use, mental health, and parenting practices among HIV-positive mothers
- Authors:
- SCHULTE Marya T., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services, 18(2), 2019, pp.111-128.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Mothers living with HIV (MLH) must balance childcare, their illness, and oftentimes other mental health problems/stressors. It is important to understand how a maladaptive coping strategy (alcohol use), is linked to poorer parenting practices. This study assessed the relationship between mental health/coping (anxiety, depression, alcohol use, social support), and parenting/family dimensions (communication, parenting style/stress, family routines/cohesion) among 152 MLH. Mothers reporting more psychiatric symptoms and less social support also reported poorer parenting practices and interactions. Further, MLH who used more alcohol reported less parenting involvement and fewer family interactions. Alcohol use, even at subclinical levels, can negatively impact the parent-child relationship. (Edited publisher abstract)
HIV/AIDS prevention education: an effective tool for enhancing street children's knowledge and attitude. A randomized controlled trial
- Authors:
- KHEZRI Mehrdad, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 104, 2019, p.104351.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Objective: Street children are vulnerable against HIV because of poverty, lack of family support, adult supervision, social exclusion, lack of access to health services and their special living environment. Required educational program could decrease the danger of transmission of HIV in this group. This study would investigate the effects of HIV prevention educational on street children's attitude and knowledge in the southeast of Iran. Methods: Totally, 60 street children were randomized into the intervention and control groups. Knowledge and attitude of the participants about HIV/AIDS were evaluated. Using two-day meeting, the intervention group received some information on the prevention, diagnosis, care and treatment and wrong and right believes of HIV/AIDS. The control group received nothing about the topic. Children settled in a childcare centre by the end of the survey and after 30 days the knowledge and attitude of both groups were evaluated again. Results: The result of the study presented significant increase in street children's attitude and knowledge of intervention group compared to control group and before intervention. Follow-up data collected 1 month later revealed that the children who received the HIV/AIDS intervention subsequently had greater HIV/AIDS knowledge and favorable attitude toward HIV/AIDS. Conclusion: This study showed by a two-day educational meeting, the knowledge and attitude of the street children could be improved. This improved knowledge and attitude could protect them against high-risk behaviours. (Edited publisher abstract)
“It was giving them a feeling that they're not alone in this”: perspectives of caregivers and clinicians on a camp for UK adolescents with HIV
- Authors:
- EVANGELI Michael, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 102, 2019, pp.73-78.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
There are a number of challenges for adolescents living with perinatally acquired HIV (PAH), including adherence to antiretroviral medication and managing HIV stigma. Offering psychosocial interventions residentially (camps) is one approach offered to some adolescents with chronic illness as a way to reduce isolation, increase self-esteem and wellbeing, enhance medication adherence and increase condition- specific knowledge. There have been studies on the experiences of young people with HIV who have attended camps but no studies exploring the view of other key informants. Examining the perceptions of caregivers and clinicians of young people with PAH who have attended camps may provide a fuller picture of the experience and impact of camps for young people, allowing for corroboration or comparison between the views of different informants. This study interviewed seven caregivers and eight clinicians of eleven young people who had attended a UK intensive support camp, analysing data using thematic analysis. These eleven young people had been sampled representatively. Participants referred to expectations that they had before the young person had attended camp, their perception of the young person's experience there, as well as the perceived impact of the camp. Perceived benefits of the camp covered social (relationships and communication), psychological (independence, empowerment, confidence), cognitive (HIV knowledge), and health behaviour (ART adherence) domains. The study revealed benefits of camps that corroborate the views of young people. Future studies could explore the similarities and differences in experiences between low and high HIV prevalence settings. (Edited publisher abstract)
Ecological barriers to HIV service access among young men who have sex with men and high-risk young women from low-resourced urban communities
- Authors:
- CHIARAMONTE Danielle, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services, 17(4), 2018, pp.313-333.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Using an ecological perspective, this study sought to elucidate the perceived barriers preventing HIV service access among two groups of U.S. youth (ages 12–24) disproportionately affected by HIV, men who have sex with men, and high-risk women. This study content analysed interviews with 318 key informants to identify distinct service access barriers. The 29 barriers informants named were organized into six categories (service-seeking demands, stigmas, knowledge and awareness, service quality, powerful opposition, and negative emotions). Findings suggest that barriers impacting access to HIV prevention, testing, and linkage-to-care services are remarkably similar and point to the need for comprehensive approaches to improving youth’s access services that address both individual-level barriers and extra-individual barriers simultaneously. Findings can be used to guide future research, programming, and interventions to reduce the disproportionate spread of HIV among U.S. youth. (Edited publisher abstract)
Hidden carers? a scoping review of the needs of carers of people with HIV in the contemporary treatment era
- Authors:
- HAMILTON Myra, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Care and Caring, 2(4), 2018, pp.529-549.
- Publisher:
- Policy Press
The role of carers in supporting people with HIV is largely hidden in Western countries in the contemporary era of antiretroviral treatments. Little is known about their needs. A scoping review was undertaken to describe the research available on the needs of this group and identify gaps in existing knowledge. Findings reveal that carers of people with HIV have similar needs to other carers but are currently mostly invisible to support services. The article suggests that the discourse of independence underpinning the new HIV treatment era may be difficult for carers to 'disrupt' by naming what they do as 'care'. (Publisher abstract)
Mental health screening in integrated care settings: Identifying rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress among youth with HIV
- Authors:
- LYNN Courtney, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of HIV/AIDS and Social Services, 17(3), 2018, pp.239-245.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
Rates of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are greater in youth living with HIV (YLWH) than in the general population. Currently, depression screening guidelines exist for YLWH but not anxiety and PTSD. This study examined data from comprehensive mental health screenings conducted with YLWH, which included measures of depression, anxiety, and PTSD. Percentages of positive screeners were 35%, 25.7%, and 20.6% for depression, anxiety, and PTSD, respectively. Older participants reported more depression and anxiety symptoms. Participants with less education reported more PTSD symptoms. These findings support the need for universal and comprehensive mental health screenings for YLWH. (Edited publisher abstract)
‘I'm happy in my life now, I'm a positive person’: approaches to successful ageing in older adults living with HIV in Ontario, Canada
- Authors:
- EMLET Charles A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 37(10), 2017, pp.2128-2151.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Worldwide approximately 3.6 million people aged 50 and older are living and ageing with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Few studies have explored successful ageing from the insider perspective of those living well and ageing with HIV. This study draws upon the lived experience and wisdom of older, HIV-positive adults living in Ontario, Canada in order to understand their views and strategies for successful ageing. This qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with 30 individuals age 50 years and older who are HIV-positive. Purposive sampling techniques were used to recruit individuals who shared their experiences of successful ageing. Constructivist grounded theory coding techniques were used for analysis. Themes related to successful ageing included resilience strategies and challenges, social support and environmental context. Stigma and struggles to maintain health were identified as impediments to successful ageing. Models of successful ageing must take into account the potential for a subjective appraisal of success in populations suffering from chronic and life-threatening illnesses including HIV. Practitioners can draw upon organically existent strengths in this population in order to provide intervention development for older adults around the world who are struggling to manage their HIV. (Publisher abstract)
Bouncing back: resilience and mastery among HIV-positive older gay and bisexual men
- Authors:
- EMLET Charles A., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Gerontologist, 57(Suppl 1), 2017, pp.S40-S49.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
Purpose of the Study: Adults with HIV infection are living into old age. This study examines HIV-related factors, adverse conditions, and psychosocial characteristics that are associated with resilience (the ability to bounce back) and mastery (sense of self-efficacy) to determine factors associated with psychological well-being. Design and Methods: 2014 data from the longitudinal study Aging with Pride: National Health, Aging, and Sexuality/Gender Study (NHAS) were analyzed, focusing on a subsample of 335 gay and bisexual older men. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify factors that contributed or detracted from resilience and mastery in the sample recruited from 17 sites from across the United States. Results: Resilience and mastery were independently associated with psychological health-related quality of life. In multivariate analysis, adjusting for demographic characteristics, previous diagnosis of depression was negatively associated with resilience. Time since HIV diagnosis was positively associated with mastery whereas victimization was negatively associated with mastery. Social support and community engagement were positively associated with both resilience and mastery. Implications: Individual and structural-environmental characteristics contributed to resilience and mastery. These findings can be used to develop interventions incorporating an increased understanding of factors that are associated with both resilience and mastery. (Edited publisher abstract)