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Social policy in the face of a global pandemic: policy responses to the COVID‐19 crisis in Central and Eastern Europe
- Authors:
- AIDUKAITE Jolanta, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Policy and Administration, early cite 26 January 2021,
- Publisher:
- Wiley
This article documents and compares the social policies that the governments in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) implemented to combat the first wave of COVID‐19 pandemic by focusing on Hungary, Lithuania, Poland and Slovakia. Our findings show that governments in all four countries reacted to the COVID‐19 crisis by providing extensive protection for jobs and enterprises. Differences arise when it comes to solidaristic policy responses to care for the most vulnerable population, in which CEE countries show great variation. We find that social policy responses to the first wave of COVID‐19 have largely depended on precious social policy trajectories as well as the political situation of the country during the pandemic.
Assessing the impact of European governments' austerity plans on the rights of people with disabilities
- Authors:
- HAUBEN Harald, et al
- Publisher:
- European Network on Independent Living
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 103p.
- Place of publication:
- Dublin
The aim of this study was to examine the evidence at European and national level of the effect of the economic crisis, and its consequences in terms of austerity measures, on the rights and status of people with disabilities. It focused in particular on the impact on the delivery of social services and income support and allowances aimed at people with disabilities. Evidence was gathered through a review of European reports and statistics and through 6 country reports compiled by national correspondents and based on documentary evidence and interviews with representatives of people with disabilities, service providers, and funders. The countries included in the study were Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Portugal, Spain and the UK. This report presents a synthesis of the data gathered at European level, together with additional findings extracted from the country studies. It covers the macroeconomic context, the impact of the crisis on social services and on disability related social security benefits, and the impact of the crisis on the implementation of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
Dialogues for sobriety: health learning in the context of addictions – a Hungarian model
- Authors:
- KELEMEN Gabor, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Practice: Social Work in Action, 24(1), 2012, pp.21-39.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The recovery model followed at the Leo Amici Foundation, a rehabilitation centre for recovering addicts, in many respects relies on the concepts and practices of 12-step recovery programmes. Their approach amalgamates theatre and music therapy and sports. This article describes a collaborative health education programme between the Leo Amici Foundation, a Hungarian school of social work, and several secondary schools. The aim of this project was to build an inspiring context for health education in the prevention of addictions which would benefit the all the different populations of participants, namely secondary school pupils, social work students, recovering addicts, and professionals in the field of addiction studies. The project utilised a version of theatre therapy modelled on the approach of theatre in education (TIE) and involved several structured encounters and conversations among secondary school pupils, teachers and other professionals. This school-based programme was followed up with a conference organised for school professionals and social work students. The project was evaluated using anonymous questionnaires which containing open questions. Analysis of the responses indicated that the relational-emotional aspects of the project were valued much more by the participants than traditional forms of health education.
Long-term care quality assurance policies in European countries
- Authors:
- DANDI Roberto, et al
- Publisher:
- European Network of Economic Policy Research Institutes
- Publication year:
- 2012
- Pagination:
- 89p.
- Place of publication:
- Brussels
This report present the findings and conclusions of research undertaken in the context of research projects carried out by a consortium of ENEPRI member institutes. This report is a contribution to Work Package 5 of the ANCIEN project, which focuses on the future of long-term care for the elderly in Europe. This report analyses the quality assurance policies for long-term care (LTC) in the following countries: Austria, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. First, it discusses quality assurance in LTC by analysing: the dimensions of quality, the policy frameworks for quality in LTC, the different levels of development of LTC quality policies at the international, national, organisational, and individual levels. Second, it describes the methodology for collecting and analysing data on quality policies in the selected countries. Finally, it discusses the results, identifying four clusters of countries based on quality policies and indicators for LTC. These clusters are compared to the clusters identified in Work Package 1 of the ANCIEN project. Policy recommendations are proposed.
Life satisfaction among children in different family structures: a comparative study of 36 western Societies
- Authors:
- BJARNASON Thoroddur, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Society, 26(1), January 2012, pp.51-62.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
Children living in less fortunate economic circumstances can be expected to be less satisfied with life and the association between single parenthood and reduced life satisfaction may be partly due to economic hardship. This paper examines differences in life satisfaction among 184,496 children in different family structures in 36 western countries. Findings revealed that children living with both biological parents reported higher levels of life satisfaction than children living with a single parent or parent–step-parent. Children in joint physical custody reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction than their counterparts in other types of non-intact families. Difficulties in communicating with parents were strongly associated with less life satisfaction but did not mediate the relation between family structure and life satisfaction. Children in the Nordic countries characterised by strong welfare systems reported significantly higher levels of life satisfaction in all living arrangements except in single father households. While such life events as divorce or single motherhood may be heavily stigmatised in some countries and certain segments within countries, they may well be relatively meaningless in other social contexts. This may be a major source of the considerable variation in life satisfaction among children in living with single mothers or step-parents in different countries.
Recent findings in the effectiveness testing of an interdisciplinary training program in mental health promotion
- Authors:
- ITTZES Andras, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Community Mental Health Journal, 47(5), October 2011, pp.498-505.
- Publisher:
- Springer
This article reports on a three-year graduate training program in mental health promotion to development of students’ professional expertise with a body of knowledge of mental health promotion on the individual, community and social levels. Participants were human services professionals (mainly education and health professionals, religious and social workers). The evaluation measured a change in attitude of those in the study. The instrument presented is based on a case description, relevant to the students’ occupation. Content analysis methods and a special scoring system can be employed in the interpretation and evaluation of the answers to the mostly open-ended questions. The longitudinal study presents a comparative analysis of the four occupational groups named above. The paper also discusses difficulties and suggestions for further research.
Manka goes to work: public childcare in the Visegrad countries 1989-2009
- Authors:
- KUCHAROVA Vera, et al
- Publisher:
- Budapest Institute for Policy Analysis
- Publication year:
- 2010
- Pagination:
- 123p.
- Place of publication:
- Budapest
A collection of papers describing and explaining the evolution of day care services and family policy in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia (which face rather similar challenges, including low birth rates, low employment levels and high welfare spending), this book provides data and analysis on day care for children in these countries, with the aim of assessing the current situation in the region, identifying the limitations on increasing capacity in day care, and sharing any lessons learned from government interventions in the area during the past 20 years. The papers cover: factors contributing to the decline in childcare services for children under 3 years of age in the Czech Republic; supply and demand for children's day care facilities in the Czech Republic; the direction of Czech childcare policy; changing population policy, social policy and child protection in the Hungarian system of family benefits; Hungarian and Polish family policies from a historical perspective; day care services for children in Poland; development of public childcare in the Slovak Republic.
Economics, mental health and policy: an overview
- Authors:
- KNAPP Martin, et al
- Publisher:
- Personal Social Services Research Unit
- Publication year:
- 2008
- Pagination:
- 41p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- London
This report summarises findings presented at Mental Health Economics European Network events in London and Brussels in September and December 2007. It highlights funding issues, assesses the merits of the case for investment in promotion and prevention, looks at how economic incentives might influence the balance of care, reflects on some implications of poor mental health for employment and productivity, focuses on further development of the European Service Mapping Schedule and, as an example, considers the challenges to be faced in two countries, Turkey and Hungary, currently undergoing rapid economic and social transition.
Risk factors of cognitive decline in residential care in Hungary
- Authors:
- VINCZE Gabor, et al
- Journal article citation:
- International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 22(12), December 2007, pp.1208-1216.
- Publisher:
- Wiley
The incidence of dementia is known to vary between nations due to population specific interactions of genetic and epigenetic risk factors. Since this type of data was missing from the Central-Eastern part of Europe, especially from Hungary, an ongoing prospective multicentre study was initiated 3 years ago to determine the impact of some well-known social and biological dementia risk factors and the prevalences and conversion rates of dementia and depression syndromes. As part of this work, the effects of age, gender, education, smoking and alcohol consumption were investigated in residential homes-based cohort of more than 2,100 elderly. Forty-eight percent of the entire population showed clinical signs of cognitive decline. Eighteen percent, 22%, 16% and 10% were classified as mild cognitive impairment, mild, moderate and severe stages of cognitive decline, respectively. Considered individually, all the examined dementia risk factors were significantly related to the presence of the cognitive decline. Age, female gender and regular drinking increased the risk, while smoking, higher level of education and occasional or former history of alcohol consumption were protective factors. The male gender associated regular alcohol consumption represented the strongest risk, especially with low education levels. When the different severity subgroups were compared, similar risk tendencies have been observed, but the most robust effects were associated with the most severe stages. The well-known dementia risk and protective factors are confirmed in this study. Taking these variables into consideration, the Hungarian cohort is similar to other ethnic groups in Europe.
The outdoor mobility and leisure activities of older people in five European countries
- Authors:
- GAGLIARDI Christina, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Ageing and Society, 27(5), September 2007, pp.683-700.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Many gerontological studies have dealt with the leisure activities of older people and they have generated many important theories. Although outdoor activities and mobility promote good health in old age, both decrease with increasing age as people lose physical and mental functions. This paper examines the outdoor and indoor leisure activities of 3,950 older adults and their variations by personal and environmental characteristics in Germany, Finland, Hungary, The Netherlands and Italy. The main dimensions of activity were established by factor analysis, and in all countries four factors were found: home activities, hobbies, social activities, and sports activities. Both similar and distinctive pursuits characterised each dimension among the five countries. ‘Home activities’ mainly comprised indoor activities, but the other three dimensions involved more physical mobility. The scores of various socio-environmental characteristics on the factors enabled the attributes of the participants to be profiled. Sports activities and hobbies were performed more often by younger men, by those with good physical functioning and by those who drove cars. Social activities were performed more by women and those who used public transport. Home activities were more frequently performed by those with low physical function and women.