Search results for ‘Author:"et al"’ Sort:
Results 1 - 10 of 11
Anti-gay “honor” abuse: a multinational attitudinal study of collectivist- versus individualist-orientated populations in Asia and England
- Authors:
- LOWE Michelle, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(15-16), 2021, pp.7866-7885.
- Publisher:
- Sage
Cultural collectivism, a core feature of honor cultures, is associated with the acceptance of aggression if it is used in the name of so-called “honor.” Currently overlooked in the research literature, this study explored perceptions of antigay “honor” abuse in collectivist-orientated honor cultures, where homosexuality, in particular, is considered to be dishonorable. To conduct exploratory and comparative analysis, this study recruited 922 students in four Asian countries (India, Iran, Malaysia, and Pakistan), as well as Asian British and White British students in England. All participants read a brief vignette depicting a man whose relatives verbally abuse him and threaten him with life-threatening violence, after suspecting that he is gay and has joined an online dating website to meet men. Participants then completed a short questionnaire that assessed the extent to which they thought the man’s actions had damaged his family’s honor and their approval of the antigay “honor” abuse depicted in the scenario. Broadly in line with predictions, data analyses revealed attitudes more supportive of antigay “honor” abuse in all five collectivist-orientated populations than the sample of individualistic-orientated counterparts in England. Notably, however, a series of one-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) demonstrated that these results varied depending on country of residence, gender, religious denomination, educational status, and age. The findings show that individual and demographic differences influence perceptions toward homophobic “honor” abuse in collectivist cultures. These differences are useful indices of the psychosocial factors that underpin hostile attitudes toward gay males in cultures where homosexuality is denounced. (Edited publisher abstract)
Inequality, material well-being, and subjective well-being: exploring associations for children across 15 diverse countries
- Authors:
- MAIN Gill, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 97, 2019, pp.3-13.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
Children's material well-being, and the levels of wealth and inequality in societies within which children live, are important factors in determining outcomes. However, less is known about the extent to which these factors have an impact children's subjective well-being, especially in an internationally comparative context. This study draws on data from the Children's Worlds survey, an international study of child subjective well-being, to explore links between national level indicators of wealth and inequality (GDP and Gini coefficients), individual indicators of material well-being (the material resources children report having access to), and subjective well-being. The survey covers 15 diverse countries covering the continents of Europe, Asia, Africa and South America, with samples of at least 3000 per country, ages 8, 10 and 12. Analysis takes the form of a multilevel, varying intercepts and slopes model, examining the association between financial and material resources and inequality and subjective well-being across and between countries. Findings suggest that material resources that children report are significantly associated with subjective well-being, while indicators of financial resources and inequality at the national level are not. While a significant association between material resources and subjective well-being is found across the whole sample, the magnitude of this association, and the association between school- and country-level material resources, varies markedly. Within different countries, the strongest material resources-related predictor of overall subjective well-being may be either at the individual, school or country level. (Publisher abstract)
International student views of social work in select Asian and pacific island countries
- Authors:
- BEECHER Blake, et al
- Journal article citation:
- Social Work Education (The International Journal), 31(4), 2012, pp.435-450.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
- Place of publication:
- Philadelphia, USA
The views of international students on their CSWE-based educational training experiences in their home countries are rare in social work literature. The study used qualitative interviews with 16 international baccalaureate students who completed their practicums in their home countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Questions guiding the study included: international students' experiences with language, awareness of policy, licensing and professional organisations, the perception of the profession, and degree-fit and employability issues. Findings revealed that participants were aware of select social welfare programmes, but were not able to confidently and clearly describe the social welfare system or social work profession at home. Perceptions of utility of degree, employability, and awareness of professional organisations varied based on the development and proliferation of social work in the participants' home country among other factors. Implication for social work education are discussed.
Instruments for research on transition: applied methods and approaches for exploring the transition of young care leavers to adulthood
- Authors:
- HARDER Annemiek T., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Children and Youth Services Review, 33(12), December 2011, pp.2431-2441.
- Publisher:
- Elsevier
The transition to adulthood of young people leaving care is an important area for researchers. Young people who have been in care show relatively poor outcomes in comparison to young people who have not been in care, and run a high risk of social exclusion. However, little is known about the different research approaches and research instruments that are being used in studying this topic. This review explores the approaches and instruments that are used in empirical studies that focus on young care leavers' transitions to adulthood. The results show that the studies apply a diversity of topics and instruments, but that there is also considerable overlap. The quality of data varies significantly between countries. To make better comparisons on the transition from out-of-home care to adulthood between different countries, a common research framework and one or more research instruments should be developed that can assess this transition and the situation of young care leavers in international contexts.
Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys
- Authors:
- LEVINSON Daphna, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Psychiatry, 197(2), August 2010, pp.114-121.
- Publisher:
- Cambridge University Press
Burden-of-illness data, which are often used in setting healthcare policy-spending priorities, are unavailable for mental disorders in most countries. The purpose of this study was to use the survey data in the World Health Organisation (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys to make estimates of the human capital costs of serious mental disorders in a range of countries. The WMH Surveys were carried out in 10 high-income and 9 low- and middle-income countries worldwide. The total sample size was 101,825 with individual country sample sizes ranging from a low of 2,372 in the Netherlands to a high of 12,992 in New Zealand. The associations of personal earnings with serious mental illness were estimated. The results showed that respondents with serious mental illness earned on average a third less than median earnings, with no significant between-country differences. These losses are equivalent to 0.3-0.8% of total national earnings. Reduced earnings among those with earnings and the increased probability of not earning are both important components of these associations. These results add to a growing body of evidence that mental disorders have high societal costs. Decisions about healthcare resource allocation should take these costs into consideration.
AIDS-related discrimination in Asia
- Authors:
- PAXTON S., et al
- Journal article citation:
- AIDS Care, 17(4), May 2005, pp.413-424.
- Publisher:
- Taylor and Francis
The Asia Pacific Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS (APN+) conducted the first regional documentation of AIDS-related discrimination in Asia. This project was an action-based, peer-implemented study that aimed to develop an understanding of the nature, pattern and extent of AIDS-related discrimination in several Asian countries. Trained HIV-positive people interviewed 764 positive people in four countries (India 302; Indonesia 42; Thailand 338; the Philippines 82) using a structured questionnaire. Findings indicate that the major area of discrimination in each country is within the health sector, where over half of those surveyed experienced some form of discrimination. In all countries, the majority of people did not receive pre-test counselling before being tested for HIV. People who reported coerced testing were significantly more likely than other respondents to face subsequent AIDS-related discrimination. A considerable number of respondents were refused treatment after being diagnosed with HIV and many experienced delayed provision of treatment or health services. Breaches of confidentiality by health workers were common. Within the family and the community, women were significantly more likely to experience discrimination than men, including ridicule and harassment, physical assault and being forced to change their place of residence because of their HIV status. These findings have serious implications, particularly in light of the increasing trend in many countries to test all pregnant women in order to prevent transmission of HIV to their unborn children.
COVID-19 and social protection in Europe and Central Asia
- Authors:
- LIMA Joana Madureira, et al
- Publisher:
- World Health Organization
- Publication year:
- 2020
- Pagination:
- 47
The COVID-19 epidemic is a health and a socioeconomic crisis without precedent. Governments across the WHO European Region and Central Asia have introduced a variety of policy responses to mitigate the consequences of the containment measures on well-being and the economy, employment and incomes, and on families and children who are not able to access social and health services. This discussion paper considers some of the key social protection interventions, including health protection, unemployment, family and child support, and measures against social exclusion and housing insecurity. Where comprehensive social protection systems and policies are already well established, they protect people from risks during normal circumstances, but are also better equipped to respond when emergencies hit and mitigate against social and health inequalities. The crisis is a moment of opportunity to accelerate long-postponed reforms in well-developed welfare states and to work towards the establishment of national social protection floors in countries whose social protection systems are still fragmented to ensure universal access to health and income security for all. (Original abstract)
Integrative body-mind-spirit social work: an empirically based approach to assessment and treatment
- Authors:
- LEE Mo Yee, et al
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
- Publication year:
- 2009
- Pagination:
- 370p., bibliog.
- Place of publication:
- Oxford
Trained in western cognitive-behavioural, solution-focused, structural and strategic family therapy approaches, the authors have complemented their professional practice with traditional eastern philosophies and therapeutic methods to develop a holistic model, one that integrates body, mind and spirit, in treating individuals and families in both Asia and America. This book aims to extend existing social work practice towards a more holistic, multicultural approach and presents a pragmatic, step-by-step guide from assessment to termination of a treatment, in order to capitalise on a participant’s natural strengths. Divided into four sections, the first two chapters introduce the philosophical foundation of integrative body-mind-spirit social work and detail a framework for identifying problems, their causes and maintenance, and change mechanisms. In part 2, assessment, treatment planning and treatment techniques pertaining to mind, body and spirit which focus on the connection between these are systematically described. Five case studies, covering colorectal cancer patients, females with breast cancer and depressive orders, women’s well-being and trauma survivors are detailed in the third section which provides empirical support that this technique brings positive changes to clients, assisting them to do something different and beneficial in their lives. The authors conclude with a discussion of the ethical and learning issues surrounding body-mind-spirit social work.
Tackling the digital divide
- Authors:
- WONG Yu Cheung, et al
- Journal article citation:
- British Journal of Social Work, 39(4), June 2009, pp.754-767.
- Publisher:
- Oxford University Press
This paper reviews the digital inclusion strategies put in place by several East Asian countries and discusses a framework for tackling the digital divide, and examines pertinent policies, using Hong Kong as an example. This paper argues that while improvement in information communication technology (ICT) accessibility and knowledge is important, the promotion of community-based ICT user networks for certain disadvantaged groups is crucial to enhance their participation in the information society.
Nonprofit and philanthropic studies: international overview of the field in Africa, Canada, Latin America, Asia, the Pacific, and Europe
- Authors:
- MIRABELLA Roseanne M., et al
- Journal article citation:
- Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly, 36(4S), December 2007, pp.110S-135S.
- Publisher:
- Sage
The growth of nonprofit organizations (NPOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) around the world has been accompanied by a concomitant growth in the number of education and training programs developed to provide management training to the leaders of these organizations. This article reports on the current configuration of international academic programs in nonprofit and philanthropic studies in Africa, Asia, the Pacific, Europe, and the Americas (apart from the United States), describing the various forms of education and training programs from country to country and continent to continent. The authors examine the similarities and differences in nonprofit management education programs in different parts of the world, seeking to explain why education programs have a range of forms indifferent parts of the world, according to different historical, institutional, and cultural contexts, thus furthering understanding of the asymmetries and complexities of existing NPO and NGO education and training programs.